Interview part 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Cell membrane
made up of phospholipids, it controls what enters and exits the cell (active- and passive transport)
Vacuole
stores nutrients
Ribosomes
part of proteins synthesis (transcription and translation)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)
contains enzymes, it is the site of protein sysnthesis
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER)
It contains enzymes that are important in synthesizing lipids, absorbing fats from the digestive tract and breaking down drugs
Mitochondrion
It is called the powerhouse of the cell, it produced ATP (energy – adenosine triphosphate)
Cytoskeleton
it supports the cell to stay in its shape
Golgi apperatus
It stores, modifies and packed (It receives vesicles from RER) It releases its contents by exocytosis or use it as membrane building blocks
Lysosomes
membranes containing enzymes (comes from Golgi apparatus)
Cytoplasm
it fills out the rest of the cell, it contains nutrition and water
Nucleus
It is the region that contains the DNA
Nucleolus
it is a small body in the nucleus that contains protein and RNA, and it is the site the synthesis of ribosomal RNA and the formation of ribosomal subunits
Centrioles
are involved in the organization of the mitotic spindle and in the completion of cytokinesis
Flagella/ cilia
It is made up of fibers, it helps the cell to move from one direction to another
Active transport
It is the movement of substances against the graduation gradient (membrane). It has to use energy (ATP) in order to use the protein pumps.
Diffusion
It is the passive movement of substances across a membrane. Energy is not needed.
Phagocytosis
the movement of solid substances across a membrane
Phinocytosis
the movement of liquids across a membrane
Osmosis
It is the passive movement of water across a partially permeable membrane.
Filtration
movement of water and solute molecules across the cell membrane due to hydrostatic pressure generated
How is cancer and cells related?
All cancers begin in cells. Cancer starts with changes in one cell or a small group of cells.
What is needed for a cancer to start?
For a cancer to start, certain changes take place within the genes of a cell or a group of cells. Sometimes a change happens in the genes when a cell divides. The change is called a mutation.
What are the major risk factors of getting cancer?
- Radiation
- Smoking (tobacco)
- Hormones
- Obesity
- Lack of exercise
- Chronic inflammation
