Interview part 3 Flashcards
(17 cards)
Define invation
The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that are not normally present within the body
Describe infection; symptomes? Location? Naturally living microorganism in the body?
An infection may cause no symptoms and be subclinical, or it may cause symptoms and be clinically apparent. An infection may remain localized, or it may spread through the blood or lymphatic vessels to become systemic (bodywide). Microorganisms that live naturally in the body are not considered infections. For example, bacteria that normally live within the mouth and intestine are not infections
Describe inflamation: Why is it good? Why is it bad?
is part of the body’s immune response. Initially, it is beneficial when, for example, your knee sustains a blow and tissues need care and protection. However, sometimes inflammation can cause further inflammation; it can become self-perpetuating. More inflammation is created in response to the existing inflammation.
Give examples of the most comon diseases
Gastroesophageal reflux disease Acne Astma Cholera Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Influenza
Describe Cholera
Cholera is a disease spread mostly through contaminated drinking water and unsanitary conditions. Infected with the disease will develop severe symptoms, which also include vomiting and leg cramps. In its severe form, cholera can cause death by dehydration.
Describe hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. Spread primarily by the fecal-oral route or by ingestion of contaminated water or food. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, jaundice, and dark urine. Although those exposed usually develop lifelong immunity, the best protection against Hepatitis A is vaccination
Describe hepatitis B
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver that causes symptoms such as jaundice, extreme fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain; hepatitis B is the most serious form of the disease. Chronic infections can cause cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer in later years.
Describe influenza
The influenza virus attacks the human respiratory tract, causing symptoms such as fever, headaches, fatigue, coughing, sore throat, nasal congestion, and body aches
Factors destroying phatogens or inhibiting their growth
heat maisture drying cold ultra-violet radiation pasteurisation (both inhibiting and destroying)
Describe vitamin D deficiency
The most well-known consequences to not having enough vitamin D are rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. These are far from the only problems associated with a vitamin D deficiency. The consequences are numerous and include skeletal diseases, metabolic disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, infections, cognitive disorders, and/or mortality. The majority of our knowledge about vitamin D has been discovered over the past 15 years, and with the growing issue of deficiencies, more health connections with vitamin D levels are being made. Correcting vitamin D deficiency is not as simple as taking a pill or getting more sun.
Describe vitamin deficiency
Vitamins are considered essential nutrients because either your body cannot make them or they are made in an inadequate amount. This means you must provide them through your diet or by taking a supplement. They are essential for your health, and when you are lacking in them, there may be health consequences and diseases.
State the fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E and K
State the vater soluble vitamins
B and C
What does the term malnutrition refers to?
Malnutrition is a broad term which refers to both undernutrition (subnutrition) and overnutrition.
Define addiction
Habitual psychological or physiologic dependence on a substance or practice that is beyond voluntary control.
What does addiction lead to?
Addiction, often referred to as dependency often leads to tolerance - the addicted person needs larger and more regular amounts of whatever they are addicted to in order to receive the same effect. Often, the initial reward is no longer felt, and the addiction continues because withdrawal is so unpleasant.
Describe substance dependence
is when an individual persists in use of alcohol or other drugs despite problems related to use of the substance, substance dependence may be diagnosed. Compulsive and repetitive use may result in tolerance to the effect of the drug and withdrawal symptoms when use is reduced or stopped. This, along with Substance Abuse are considered Substance Use Disorders
