Interview part 14 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the function of the digestive tract?
to turn food into energy you need in order to survive and packing them aside for waste removal.
What are the accessory organs of digestion?
The accessory organs of digestion include the salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. As stated earlier, during the digestive process, the accessory organs produce secretions that assist the organs of the alimentary canal
Which are the main functions of the liver?
- It metabolizes carbohydrates, fats, and proteins preparatory to their use or excretion.
- It forms and excretes bile salts and pigment from bilirubin, a waste product of red blood cell destruction.
- It stores blood; glycogen; vitamins A, D, and B12; and iron.
- It detoxifies the end products of protein digestion and drugs.
- It produces antibodies and essential elements of the blood-clotting mechanism.
What is the function of the gallbladder?
The gallbladder receives bile from the liver and then concentrates and stores it. It secretes bile when the small intestine is stimulated by the entrance of fats.
Where is bile salt produced?
in the liver
Where is gastrin produced and what is its function?
Gastrin is produced in the stomach when it is stretched. It stimulates the release of gastric juice rich in pepsin and hydrochloric acid.
Define absorption
Absorption is the movement of molecules across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract into the circulatory system.
What is catabolism?
the breakdown of molecules (releases energy, heat is produced)
What is anabolism?
the building up of molecules (heat is absorbed)
Which are the fat soluble vitamins?
A, D, E and K
Which are the water soluble vitamins?
B and C
What is so special about fat soluble vitamins?
they stay in your body and are stored
What is so special about water soluble vitamins?
they are absorbed immediately, with any excess being excreted in urine
Why are amino acids essential?
You require protein in your diet because the amino acids in the protein are necessary for your body to create the muscle tissue, hormones and enzymes that you need for good health. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. There are 8 (there are 20 different amino acids in total) essential amino acids for adults that must be supplied with the diet: Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan and Valine.
What determines a saturated fatty acid?
Saturated fatty acids have only one sing C-C bond
What determines a unsaturated fatty acid?
unsaturated fatty acids have at least one C=C bond. The double bonds put a kink in the chains, 120°bond angle. The kink makes the intermolecular forces to be weaker which leads to a lower boiling point.
What is the essential fatty acid?
Unsaturated fatty acids
Why are essential fatty acids important?
These fatty acids play an important role for our health; they take part in the synthesis of a group of lipids called prostaglandins which are involved in the process of lowering blood pressure, are also lowering the LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins).
Why does eating generally lead to a rise in body temperature?
Chemical reactions are what produces the heat that causes a slight rise in body temperature (breaking bond - catabolism - exothermic reaction)
What is the mean human body temperature?
between 37 and 38 degreese
Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of the body temperature?
brain stem
