KIN 100 - Bones and Joints of the Ankle and Foot (lecture 23)

Question 1

What are the three groups of bones of the ankle and foot and how many are there

Answer 1

7 tarsals
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges

Question 2

What are the tarsal bones

Answer 2

Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Medial/1st cuneiform
Intermediate/2nd cuneiform
Lateral/3rd cuneiform

Question 3

Describe the talocrural joint

Answer 3

the trochlea of the talus articulates with the tibia and fibula

Question 4

Purpose of the body of the talus

Answer 4

transmits weight from the tibia to the calcaneus

Question 5

Purpose of the head of the talus

Answer 5

oriented anteriorly and articulates with the posterior aspect of the navicular

Question 6

describe the neck of the talus

Answer 6

a narrowing just posterior to the head

Question 7

What is the largest bone in the foot and what does it do

Answer 7

the calcaneus
- transmits body weight from the talus to the ground

Question 8

What are the 3 tubercles on the inferior surface of the calcaneal tuberosity

Answer 8

anterior tubercle
medial tubercle
lateral tubercle

Question 9

Describe the sustenaculum tali

Answer 9

bone that protrudes from the medial aspect of the calcaneus ; supports part of the talus

Question 10

Describe the phalanges of the big toe and of digits II through V

Answer 10

big toe: 2 phalanges - proximal and distal
digits Ii through V have 3 phalanges: proximal, middle, distal

each phalanx has a base, shaft and a head

Question 11

What are the joints of the ankle and foot

Answer 11

• Tibiofibular syndesmosis
• Talocrural joint
• Subtalar joint

Question 12

Describe Tibiofibular syndesmosis

Answer 12

the distal fibula articulates with the fibular notch of the distal tibia

The integrity of this joint is critical to the integrity of the ankle joint as the lateral malleolus is part of the malleolar mortise

Question 13

what are the intrinsic ligaments of the tibiofibular syndesmosis

Answer 13

Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Interosseous tibiofibular ligament
Posterior tibiofibular ligament

Question 14

how can the tibiofibular syndesmosis move

Answer 14

when the foot is dorsiflexed as the talus gets wedged into the malleolar mortise

Question 15

What is the ankle joint referred to as and describe it

Answer 15

talocrural joint

The trochlea of the talus articulates with the malleolar mortise (medial and lateral malleoli and the distal tibia)

hinge joint

allows dorsiflexion and plantar flexion only

Question 16

What position is the talocrural joint most stable in

Answer 16

dorsiflexion

Question 17

What are the intrinsic , medial collateral ligaments of the talocrural joint

Answer 17

• Anterior tibiotalar
• Tibionavicular
• Tibiocalcaneal
• Posterior tibiotalar

Question 18

What are the intrinsic, lateral collateral ligament of the talocrural joint

Answer 18

• Anterior talofibular
• Calcaneofibular
• Posterior talofibular

Question 19

Describe the subtalar joint

Answer 19

the body of the talus articulates with the calcaneus

classified as a plane, synovial joint

allows inversion and eversion of the foot

Question 20

What are the major ligaments of the plantar aspect of the foot from deep to superficial

Answer 20

• Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament
• Short plantar (plantar calcaneocuboid) ligament
• Long plantar ligament

Question 21

Describe the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

Answer 21

spans between the sustenaculum tali (talar shelf) of the calcaneus and the navicular

Supports the head of the talus

Question 22

Describe the short plantar (plantar calcaneocuboid) ligament

Answer 22

passes from calcaneus to cuboid

Question 23

Describe the long plantar ligament

Answer 23

passes from calcaneus to the bases of the metatarsals