KIN 100 - Posterior compartment of the leg (lecture 26)

Question 1

What are the muscles of superficial posterior leg

Answer 1

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

Question 2

What are the muscles of the deep posterior leg

Answer 2

Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior

Question 3

Gastrocnemius

Answer 3

Proximal attachment:
Medial head: medial femoral condyle
Lateral: Lateral femoral condyle

Distal attachment: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Innervation: Tibial nerve
Actions:
Ankle plantarflexion
Knee flexion

Question 4

Soleus

Answer 4

Proximal attachment: Soleal line of tibia and head of fibula

Distal attachment: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Action: Ankle plantarflexion

Question 5

Plantaris

Answer 5

Proximal attachment: Lateral femoral condyle

Distal attachment: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Action: Weakly assist gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 6

Popliteus

Answer 6

Proximal attachment: Lateral condyle of femur

Distal attachment: Posterior tibia, proximal to soleal line

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Actions: Unlocks the extended knee by rotating the femur 5 degrees laterally

Question 7

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 7

Proximal attachment: Fibula

Distal attachment: Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Actions:
Flexion of great toe at all joints
Ankle plantarflexion

Question 8

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 8

Proximal attachment: Tibia and fibula

Distal attachment: Base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Actions:
Flexion of digits 2-5 at all joints
Ankle plantarflexion

Question 9

Tibialis posterior

Answer 9

Proximal attachment: Tibia and fibula

Distal attachment: Navicular, cuneiform , cuboid, calcaneus, bases of 2nd 3rd and 4th metatarsals

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Actions:
Ankle plantarflexion
Foot inversion

Question 10

What nerve supplies all muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 10

tibial nerve

Question 11

What does the tibial nerve pass through

Answer 11

popliteal fossa to enter the posterior compartment of the leg

Question 12

What is the major artery found in the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 12

posterior tibial artery
- continues into the sole of the foot and splits into the medial and lateral plantar arteries

Question 13

Where can we easily locate the tendons, major artery, and nerve of the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 13

medial malleolus

Question 14

What are the structures near the medial malleolus from anterior to posterior

Answer 14

Tendon of tibialis posterior
Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibial artery
Tibial nerve
Tendon of flexor hallucis longus

Question 15

Ruptured calcaneal tendon

Answer 15

Can occur during a forceful push off (plantarflexion) with the knee extended