Lab 11: Myology

Question 1

muscle is the only tissue capable of

Answer 1

changing shape and producing tensions through contraction

Question 2

possess organelles that are capable of utilizing

Answer 2

chemical energy in the bonds of organic molecules to pull intracellular proteins

Question 3

three distinct types of muscle tissue

Answer 3

skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle

Question 4

skeletal muscle

Answer 4

muscle under voluntary control with striated appearance

Question 5

function of skeletal muscle

Answer 5

move and stabilize skeleton

Question 6

what is a majority of the muscle mass made of

Answer 6

skeletal muscle

Question 7

what forms the striated appearance of skeletal muscle?

Answer 7

actin and myosin arranged in irregular uniform overlapping pattern

Question 8

skeletal muscle is composed of what cells?

Answer 8

multinucleated muscle cells

Question 9

is skeletal muscle the only tissue consciously controlled?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

cardiac muscle

Answer 10

involuntary, striated muscles only found in the heart

Question 11

cardiac cells are

Answer 11

small, striated, single nucleus, y shaped cells

Question 12

where do cardiac cells form extensive interconnections with each other?

Answer 12

intercalated discs

Question 13

how are cardiac cells connected together?

Answer 13

desmosomes, connected at intercalated discs via gap junctions

Question 14

gap junction in cardiac cells forms connections between

Answer 14

cytoplasm of adjacent cells

Question 15

what do gap junctions allow cardiac muscles to do?

Answer 15

allow for electrical signals to pass from cell to cell resulting in uniform cardiac contraction

Question 16

unique part of cardiac muscle

Answer 16

does not require nervous system to stimulate contractions, but specialized cardiac cells set the contraction rate of the heart

Question 17

pacemaker cells

Answer 17

specialized cardiac cells setting the contraction rate of the heart

Question 18

smooth muscle

Answer 18

involuntary, nonstriated muscle

Question 19

where is smooth muscle located?

Answer 19

digestive system, urinary system, wall of blood vessels, glands, reproductive tract

Question 20

smooth muscle cells

Answer 20

small, spindle shaped, single nucleus

Question 21

how are skeletal muscles separated?

Answer 21

physically and functionally

Question 22

how do physical and function skeletal muscle cells separate?

Answer 22

compartmentalization produced by the muscle CT wrappings

Question 23

3 concentric wrappings of muscle cell

Answer 23

epimysium, perimysium, endomysium

Question 24

epimysium

Answer 24

outermost layer; separates and surrounds each muscle from its neighboring cell

Question 25

what type of tissue is epimysium?

Answer 25

dense irregular CT

Question 26

the epimysium is continuous with

Answer 26

periosteum around bone

Question 27

how does epimysium form tendon?

Answer 27

extends beyond the muscle forming the attachment site (tendon) of muscle to bone

Question 28

perimysium

Answer 28

divides muscle into series of internal compartment containing

Question 29

fasicles

Answer 29

bundle of muscle fibers

Question 30

endomysium

Answer 30

innermost CT layer surrounding each muscle fiber

Question 31

muscle contraction

Answer 31

shorten in length its longitudinal axis which produces force and tension

Question 32

when muscle is arranged at joint it will produce movement if

Answer 32

contraction is strong enough to overpower opposing forces

Question 33

when muscles contract they are only capable of

Answer 33

pulling

Question 34

attachment sites

Answer 34

origin, insertion

Question 35

origin

Answer 35

stationary attachment site

Question 36

insertion

Answer 36

moving attachment

Question 37

where does the insertion pull towards during contraction

Answer 37

the origin