Lecture 19 Flashcards
(49 cards)
How were Munera Legitimas put on?
Augustus had to approve it
What happened in the imperial period to Muneras?
It became detached from the “funeral” meaning, so people would be asking to hold them even though no one had died
What was Augustus’ plan for muneras in December and March?
Every year in December, 10 days of Munera Legitimas and every year in March, 4 days of it! But without the Munera aspect.
What was the order did the events occur in during March and December?
Morning - Animal Hunts (venationes). Noon - Executions (noxii). Afternoon - Gladiators.
What were Venationes?
Latin word for Hunts, eventually began to be anything involved with animals.
What was the “Morning School”?
A school to train the hunters and people involved in animal activities. Schools set up by the emperor.
What are Animal Tricks?
Animals used in parades or having them in a pose, which was common to do in Rome
What is the difference between hunts and combat?
Hunts were people who trained in morning school who killed animals for fun and they weren’t in danger while Combats had animals pitted against each other and it was for the entertainment of people
Were venation’s indoors or outdoors?
They were indoors even though pictures look like they are outside, they are just put there in the amphitheatre for performance purposes
Did romans take care or abuse the animals?
The animals were actually treated well by the romans
What type of domestic animals were used?
These animals were native to Italy, deers, wild pigs, bears, bulls
What type of exotic animals were used?
These were not native to Italy, panthers, hippos, usually from like Africa, NOT common
What do literally and visual evidence show about animals?
That they are used in the Amphitheaters, people wanted to show off the flashiest animals first, EG. if an emperor put a show on, there would probably only be exotic animals
What were Amphitheatre animals?
Usually run of the mill, cause with a bow and arrow
How could an editor show his connections?
Bring in exotic animals
How did the character on the animals be reflected on the editor?
Certain animals could only be found from outer people in the Roman empire, they had to write to people to get these animals, the did NOT want to have local live stock, it would be embarrassing
How were the visual evidence bias to show animals?
All the evidence is mostly animals because editor would probably want to show their exotic animals to prove its a top notch event
How did these events impact the environment?
Cause EXTINCTION of many spieces
Why were Emperors/Upper Class people not allowed to participate?
It would make them an inflames if they did, but they worked around it by not accepting pay or if they did it for the sake of roman estate (pray to the gods)
What is the unusual combination of animals?
Where they would pit different types of animals against each other
What was the relationship between Romans and nature?
Romans are meant to dominate animals, animals had to be controlled
What was the relationship between Romans and Jews?
Romans treated them the same way they treated animals (they had the control)
What is the objective for an execution?
To humiliate the human who undermine the Romans, the animals kills the humans
What is an animal hunt?
Humans are brought to kill the animals
