Lecture 6 Flashcards
(48 cards)
What are the Stephanitic Games?
The “crown” games, 4 games in total that were open to all Greeks
What is the Period (Circuit)?
The 4 year cycle consisting of crown games, organized so that they wouldn’t overlap (ININI olympics happened twice and pythian once)
What is the Hierarchy of Prestige?(greatest to least)
Olympics, Pythian, Isthmian, Nemean
Why is Nemean and Isthmian less prestigious?
They were held twice as often meaning you had twice as many chances to win
Why is Olympics the most prestigious?
It was held less often and was prestigious in general, NO top-level athlete would skip it
What would athletes put on their gravestones?
They would depict symbols from various games and the order of the symbol followed the hierarchy of prestige
What would be considered an achievement for athletes?
To win at least 1 event
Where was the Olympic Games held?
In Olympia, it was just a large field
What is Elis?
Closest Polis that included Olympia, who ran the games
What does the Greek word Polis mean?
A political city that controlled the land around it
How often do the Olympic games happen?
Every 4 years, in August or September depending on the 2nd full moon after the longest day of the year
Who does the Olympics honour and what is the prize?
Zeus and a crown of olive leaves
What is the myth behind the Hill of Kronos?
Zeus drove Kronos out from being king and took over, his body fell to Earth landing where the hill was
What did they do in honour of Zeus at the Hill of Kronos?
They held a festival which was an excuse for men to eat and drink and its also where the foot race began
What is the Sanctuary at Olympia?
Scared land to Zeus, there were clear boundaries where it began and ended
What was the Sanctuary in Olympia referred to as?
The Altis, originally was nothing other than land and the alter (oldest structure) behind TZ where people would worship Zeus
What is the Black Layer?
Part of the soil located around the Hill of Kronos consisting of rich carbon deposits (remains of sacrifices, statues). The alter is in the middle of the black layer
What are some facts about the statues found in the black layer?
All statues found that were human were male, there were distinctions between statues, if a statue was a female it wasn’t found in the black layer
What happened in phase 1 of the building?
They built 3 buildings: Heraion(earliest building to Hera, Zeus’ wife, made of wood, eventually replace with marble), Pelopion(5 sided temple for Pelops), Prytaneion(where the city would have a constant fire where sacrifices were made, core of the city)
What is the story behind Pelopion?
Pelops cheated in a chariot race to marry the kings daughter by bribing a slave to cut the breaks but instead they replaced the pin that keeps the wheel on with WAX, which cause the king to die, but cursed pelops
Where didn’t have a Prytaneion?
Elis, rather it was located in Olympia, Athletes would begin the Olympics here, going around the sanctuary, ending the Bouleuterion
What was lacking in phase 1 of the building?
Amenities such as bathrooms, water, hotels
What was all along the Temple of Zeus?
Carvings that depicting stories: Hercules assigned 12 jobs that were impossible to do, but he was able to do it; cleaning manure from a stable by diverting a river through the stable which cleaned it
What is the Ivory-Gold Statue of Zeus?
Most famous piece of art found in TZ, it was HUGE. Zeus is holding Nike - goddess of victory
