lecture 20 - back pain & sciatica

Question 1

What are some ‘redflags’ to consider in a patient presenting with back pain?

Answer 1

‘TUNAFISH’
trauma, unexplained weight loss, neurological symptoms, age >50, fever, IV drug use, steroid use, history of cancer

Question 2

What is sciatica?

Answer 2

Pain along the course of the sciatic nerve, usually from the lower back and down the legs

Question 3

Where does sciatica pain typically occur?

Answer 3

The back of the legs: buttock, thigh, knee

Question 4

What is cauda equina syndrome?

Answer 4

Damage to nerves of the cauda equina causing bilateral leg pain and weakness, as well as bowel/bladder issues. Often caused by lumbar disc herniation

Question 5

What is lumbar disc disease?

Answer 5

Degeneration of intervertebral discs in the lumbar spine leading to spinal instability and pain

Question 6

What is the most likely cause of back pain and posterior leg pain experienced together?

Answer 6

Sciatica

Question 7

What are the symptoms of lumbar disc herniation?

Answer 7

Lower back pain, radicular pain (buttock/leg pain), weakness

Question 8

What is radicular pain?

Answer 8

Pain in the buttocks and legs

Question 9

What is neurogenic claudication?

Answer 9

Unilateral or bilateral leg pain upon walking, often accompanied by cramping, weakness, tingling and numbness

Question 10

What are the symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis?

Answer 10

Low back pain and stiffness, often with buttock pain

Question 11

What is cervical myelopathy?

Answer 11

Condition characterised by neck pain and stiffness, paraesthesia, weakness and unstable gait.