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ELM2 - musculoskeletal > lecture 21 - arm & forearm muscles > Flashcards

lecture 21 - arm & forearm muscles Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 2 compartments of the arm?

A

Anterior, posterior

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2
Q

What are the compartments of the arm seperated by?

A

Medial and lateral intermucular septa

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3
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii

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5
Q

What are the 2 heads of biceps brachii?

A

Long head, short head

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6
Q

What is the origin of the short head of the biceps?

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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7
Q

What is the origin of the long head of the biceps?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

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8
Q

What is the function of biceps brachii?

A

Flexion, supination of the forearm

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9
Q

What is the origin of coracobrachilais?

A

Coracoid process

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10
Q

What is the insertion of coracobrachialis?

A

Shaft of humerus

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11
Q

What is the function of corachobrachialis?

A

Humerus adduction, flexion

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12
Q

What is the origin of brachialis?

A

Shaft of humerus

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13
Q

What is the insertion of brachialis?

A

Ulna tuberosity and coronoid process of proximal ulna

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14
Q

What is the function of brachialis?

A

Flexion of elbow

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15
Q

What is the primary flexor of the elbow?

A

Brachialis

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16
Q

What are the 3 main flexors of the elbow?

A

Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

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17
Q

What are the 2 weak flexors of the elbow joint?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis

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18
Q

What is the deepest muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

medial head of the triceps

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19
Q

What part of the triceps is deep to the long head?

A

Medial head

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20
Q

Is the long head of the triceps more medial or lateral on the posterior arm?

A

Medial

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21
Q

What is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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22
Q

What is the origin of the lateral head of the triceps brachii?

A

Posterior surface of humerus

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23
Q

What is the origin of the medial head of the triceps brachii?

A

Posterior surface of humerus

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24
Q

What is the insertion of the tendon of triceps brachii?

A

Olecranon of ulna

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25
What is the function of the triceps brachii muscle?
Extension of the elbow
26
What is the origin of brachioradialis?
Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
27
What is the insertion of brachioradialis?
Distal radius
28
What are the 2 groups of muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Superifical, deep
29
What are the 2 compartments of the forearm?
Anterior, posterior
30
What are the 5 muscles of the superficial group of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris
31
What are the 3 muscles of the deep group of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus
32
What is the common origin of the superficial group of anterior compartment muscles?
Medial epicondyle
33
What is the function of pronator teres?
pronation of forearm, minor elbow flexion
34
What is the function of palmaris longus?
wrist flexion
35
What is the function of flexor carpi radialis?
Wrist flexion and abduction
36
What is the function of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flexion and adduction of the wrist
37
What is the function of Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Finger flexion at proximal interphalangeal joints
38
What
39
What is the function of flexor digitorum profundus?
Wrist flexion, flexion of both interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joint
40
How many tendons does flexor digitorum superficialis divide into?
4
41
How many tendons does flexor digitorum profundus divide into?
4
42
What are the extrinsic flexors of the fingers?
flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus
43
What are the 2 groups of muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Superficial, deep
44
What are the 7 muscles of the superficial group of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, anconeous
45
What is the origin of brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus?
Lateral supraepicondylar ridge
46
What is the origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris and anconeous
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
47
What are the 5 muscles of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis
48
What are the origin sites of the muscles of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Radius, ulnar or interosseous membrane
49
What is the function of extensor carpi radialis longus?
wrist extension, abduction of hand at wrist
50
What is the function of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
wrist extension, abduction of hand at the wrist
51
What is the function of extensor digitorum?
Extension at wrist, extension of hand (metacarpphalangeal joints) extension of fingers (interpahalangeal joints)
52
What is the function of extensor digiti minimi?
Wrist extension, extension of 5th digit (little finger)
53
What is the function of extensor carpi ulnaris?
Wrist extesnion, wrist adduction
54
What is the function of anconeous?
Extension of triceps for action of elbow extension, stabilises pronation/supination
55
What is the function of supinator muscle?
Supination of the forearm
56
What is the function of abductor pollicis longus?
Abduction/extension of the thumb
57
What is the function of extensor pollicis brevis?
Extension of the thumb
58
What is the function of extensor pollicis brevis?
extension of thumb
59
What is the function of extensor indicis?
Extension of the index finger (second digit)
60
What are the tendon boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?
anterior/lateral- extensor pollicis brevis & abductor pollicis longus posterior/medial - extensor pollicis longus
61
Which artery crosses the anatomical snuff box?
Deep radial artery
62
Do the finger extensors or flexors have more independent control of the fingers?
Flexors
63
Why do the finger extensors have less independent control of the fingers than the flexors?
Oblique tendonous bands join adjacent extensor digitorum tendons
64
How does the extensor digitorum tendon divide in each finger?
Divides into a central band and 2 lateral bands on either side
65
Where does the central band of the extensor digitorum tendon attach?
Base of middle phalanx
66
Where do the lateral bands of the extensor digitorum tendon attach?
The base of the distal phalanx
67
What structure covers the extensor digitorum tendon on the dorsum of each finger?
Extensor hood
68
Which muscles attach to the extensor digitorum extensor hood of the fingers?
Lumbricals, interossei, extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis
69
What muscles are involved in wrist abduction/radial deviation?
Flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis
70
What muscles are involved in wrist adduction/ulnar deviation?
flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis

ELM2 - musculoskeletal (28 decks)

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