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Histology > Lymphoid Tissue Part 1 > Flashcards

Lymphoid Tissue Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

morphology of lymphoid tissue (2)

A

dense

diffuse

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2
Q

dense

A

organized into discreet structures or organs (e.g., lnn, spleen, thymus, tonsil)

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3
Q

diffuse

A

located throughout body, associated with mucous membranes

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4
Q

diffuse contains large numbers of

A

lymphocytes

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5
Q

diffuse is common in (2)

A

respiratory and digestive tracts such as MALT

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6
Q

primary lymphoid tissue

A

lymphoid tissue where b-& t-cells acquire surface receptors

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7
Q

bone marrow with - cells and thymus with - cells

A

b

t

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8
Q

Mature b-& t-cells 2’ migrate to all other lymphoid tissue, referred to as

A

2’ lymphoid tissue

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9
Q

Malignant tumors of immune system referred to as — when they involve solid organs & — when they involve blood

A

lymphomas

leukemias

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10
Q

lymphatic vessels are a network of

A

blind ended vessels in connective tissue

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11
Q

lymphatic vessels provide a route which allows

A

cells and large molecules in the ECS to reenter the bloodstream

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12
Q

lymphatic vessels assist circulation of

A

lymphocytes

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13
Q

lymphatic vessels concentrate – for elimination within lymph nodes

A

antigens

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14
Q

Lymph nodes

A

encapsulated aggregates of lymphocytes & lymphoid tissue, distributed throughout body

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15
Q

how is dense lymphatic tissue arranged?

A

in chains or clusters along vessels of lymphatic origin

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16
Q

examples of dense lymphatic tissue arranged in chains or clusters along vessels of lymphatic origin (6)

A 
submandibular 
cervical
axillary
femoral
popliteal
hailer lnn
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17
Q

4 functions of lnn

A
  • Non-specific filtering of particulate matter & microorganisms from lymph
  • Interaction of circulating lymphocytes with Ag in lymph
  • Aggregation, activation, & proliferation of b-cells with subsequent Ab production
  • Aggregation & proliferation of t-cells & induction of cytotoxic immunity
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18
Q

lymphoid cell

A

lymphocytes of all types, derived from bone marrow

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19
Q

lymphoid cells enter node via

A

bloodstream

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20
Q

immune accessory cell

A

Ag presenting cells (macrophages, b-& t-cells; originate in

bone marrow)

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21
Q

follicular dendritic cells

A

macrophage at periphery of germinal centers; Ag-

presenting cells

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22
Q

Tingible body macrophage

A

1’ found in germinal centers; possess numerous

phagocytic vessicles

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23
Q

stromal cells

A

fibroblasts & reticular cells (fibroblast-like cells with

phagocyticcapability)

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24
Q

Stromal cells & extracellular products (collagen & reticular fibers), form

A

connective tissue skeleton of lnn

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25
lymph node outer, fibrous capsule of
dense, irregular connective tissue
26
Grossly, lnn layers (2)
dense, outer, cellular cortex (contains b-cells, t-cells, & plasma cells) & less cellular inner medulla
27
Extensions of cortical tissue into medulla called
medullary cords
28
Sep by broad lymphatic channels, --- ---
medullary sinuses
29
Interspersed throughout cortex & medulla are very thin, collagenous ---
trabeculae
30
Blood vessels enter & leave lnn at ---
hilus
31
b-& t-cells leave bloodstream & enter node via
diapedesis
32
diapedesis facilitated by
complementary adhesion | molecules (=addressins)
33
complementary adhesion | molecules (=addressins) are present on both
endothelial cells & lymphocytes
34
Migrate across walls of specialized
post-capillary | venules (= high endothelial venules)
35
Migrate across walls of specialized post-capillary | venules(= high endothelial venules) are lined by
cuboidal to columnar endothelium
36
high endothelial venules are located in
paracortical zone
37
paracortical zone
deep, | inner cortex of node at corticomedullary junction
38
Corticalor subcapsular sinus
space beneath capsule where numerous afferent lymphvessels drain into
39
Endothelium of sinus on side adjacent to capsule ---, but --- on side adjacent to parenchyma
continuous (prevents leakage) discontinuous
40
Lymphatic sinuses are not --- | spaces like blood sinuses
open
41
what are lymphatic sinuses filled with?
reticular fibers & macrophage | processes
42
Sinuses in outer cortex (3)
cortical sinuses, trabecular sinuses, or peritrabecular sinuses
43
Medullary sinuses
broad, lymphatic channels in inner, less cellular | medulla
44
what do medullary sinuses contain? (3)
contain lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages
45
where do medullary sinuses converge
on hilus
46
Lymph drains from hilus of node via single,
efferent lymph vessel
47
Eventually returns to bloodstream via (2)
thoracic duct or R lymphatic duct
48
Lymphatic drainage to regional lnn important in
metastasis of tumor | cells
49
Within cortex are densely packed, highly cellular
lymphoid follicles
50
what do lymphoid follicles contain (2)
lymphatic nodules, 1’ follicles
51
May contain paler, less dense
germinal centers
52
if germinal centers are present, follicle then referred to as
2’ follicle
53
indicate node is responding to
Ag
54
Lymphocytes respond to Ag by increase Ab production via
clonal expansion
55
Sites of b-cell proliferation, (2’ hemopoiesis), contain (3)
lymphoblasts, Mφ, & immature b-& t-cells
56
Proliferation of lymphocytes results in (2)
lnn enlargement & “swollen glands”
57
Darker staining rim surrounding germinal center called
mantle zone
58
mantle zone
region of Ag presentation
59
thymus
Lobular, lymphatic organ located in | mediastinum
60
thymus is embryologically derived from
epithelial | outgrowth of 3rd pharyngeal pouch
61
the thymus is an important hematopoietic organ during
fetal development
62
Similar in appearance to lnn, but lacks
lymphoid follicles
63
medulla lacks | 2
medullary cords & sinuses
64
thymus has a thin --- of
capsule dense, irregular connective tissue
65
Slender (2) divide thymus into lobules
interlobular septa or | trabeculae
66
functions of the thymus (4)
* Production of mature, immunocompetent Th & Tc cells * Clonal proliferation of Tc cells * Clonal deletion of self-Ab’s * Secretion of hormones regulating t-cell development & maturation
67
Clonal deletion of self-Ab’s results in development of
immunologic self-tolerance
68
Failure of clonal deletion may result in
autoimmune diseases
69
As t-cells mature, they express (3)`
* Ag specific t-cell receptors * CD (cluster of differentiation) surface markers * Class I & II HLA (human leukocyte Ag) surface markers
70
Thymus has highly cellular cortex packed with (3)
lymphocytes, mostly t-cells & | macrophages
71
what are absent I the thymus?
2' follicles
72
thymus has limited local
clonal expansion of T cells
73
Less cellular, central medulla contains mostly (3)
b-cells, plasma cells & macrophages
74
Nurse cells
epithelial cells within thymus, provide nurse function & structural support
75
what do nurse cells secrete?
various hormones (thymotaxin, thymosin, & thymopoietin)
76
nurse cell secretion of hormones (thymotaxin, thymosin, & thymopoietin)—attract, regulate & promote t-cell proliferation & differentiation into
Tc, Ts & Th cells
77
Thymic or Hassal’s corpuscles are
eosinophilic, lamellated structures within both medulla & cortex, represent degenerate reticular & epithelial nurse cells
78
when does the thymus degenerate?
puberty
79
thymus is --- in adults
vestigial
80
the thymus undergoes
fatty infiltration & lymphatic depletion (thymic involution)
81
inner surface of capsule has continuous epithelium to
isolate thymus
82
Because t-cells not fully differentiated, no --- lymph vessels to thymus, only ---, for lymph drainage
afferent | efferent
83
Thymic blood vessels also surrounded by connective tissue sheath called
blood-thymus barrier
84
blood-thymus barrier forms
continuous antigenic barrier
85
blood thymus barrier isolates
thymus from immune system
86
the blood thymus barrier consists of (4)
epithelioreticular cells, reticular fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells,
87
blood thymus barrier surrounds (2)
endothelium & basement membrane of blood vessels

Histology (32 decks)

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