Oral Cavity and Tooth Development Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
the oral cavity is bounded by (superior, inferior, anterior/lateral, posterior)
A
hard & soft palate superiorly;
tongue & floor of mouth inferiorly;
teeth (dental arcade) anterior & lateral;
oropharynx posterior
2
Q
vestibule
A
area enclosed between
lips & teeth
3
Q
vermillion border
A
ransitional
zone between external haired skin
& internal oral mucosa
4
Q
Color derived from
A
highly vascular
dermis & thin, overlying keratinized
epidermis
5
Q
what do lips lack (2)
A
sweat and sebaceous glands
6
Q
lips are highly sensitive due to
A
rich sensory innervation
7
Q
oral cavity is responsible for (3)
A
ingestion
fragmentation
moistening of food
8
Q
mastication involves (3)
A
cutting, chewing and grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of teeth
9
Q
Assisted by lips, tongue, & salivary glands results in
A
bolus for swallowing (deglutition)
10
Q
Oral cavity also involved in (4)
A
speech
facial expression
sensory perception
respiration
11
Q
Lining mucosa
A
non- keratinized mucosa found on inner cheeks, floor of mouth, inferior surface of tongue & soft palate
12
Q
what does lining mucosa lack?
A
stratum corner
13
Q
where is masticatory mucosa present
A
in areas of high
abrasion
e.g., gingiva (gums)
& hard palate
14
Q
cell type of masticatory mucosa
A
Keratinizedor parakeratinized (cells of stratum corneum do not lose nuclei)
15
Q
specialized mucosa of tongue is restricted to
A
dorsal surface of the tongue
16
Q
specialized mucosa is
A
keratinized
17
Q
tongue
A
Muscular organ composed of
interlacing skeletal Mm fibers
18
Q
tongue is specialized for (2)
A
manipulation of food and sensation of taste
19
Q
where are accessory salivary glands scattered throughout the tongue musculature?
A
within lamina propria and between mm layers
20
Q
which crania nerves is the tongue innervated by? (5)
A
- V (general sensation anteriorto sulcus terminalis)
- VII (taste)
- IX (general sensation & taste posteriorto sulcus terminalis)
- X (taste; motor also?)
- XII (motor)
21
Q
the tongue is supported by
A
frenulum
22
Q
frenulum
A
thin band of connective tissue anchoring tongue to the floor of the mouth
23
Q
embryologically, anterior 2/3 of the tongue is derived from
A
ectoderm
24
Q
posterior 1/3 of the tongue is derived from
A
pharynx (mesoderm)
25
what are the anterior and posterior portions of the tongue separated by
groove, sulcus terminalis
26
both the anterior and posterior surface are covered by
stratified squamous epithelium, keratinized in anterior 2/3
27
Filiformpapillae
most numerous;
keratinized, short bristles,
distributed in parallel rows
28
what do filiform papillary lack?
taste buds
29
filiform papillae are primarily
tactile
30
fungiform papillae
mushroom-shaped, scattered among filiform
| papillae
31
do funfiform papillae contain taste buds?
yes located on the dorsal surface
32
foliate papillae
located in furrows/
| ridges on lateral portion of tongue
33
where are taste buds located on foliate papillae
laterally on papillae
34
what are foliate papillae associated with
salivary glands (von ebners flands( at the base of papilla
35
--- in humans, contain --- in children, --- with age
rudimentary
taste buds
degenerate
36
Circumvallate papillae
row of 8-
| 12 large, dome-shaped papillae
37
where are circumvallate papillae located?
immediately anterior to sulcus terminals
38
what are circumvallate papillae surrounded by?
moat like sulcus
39
circumvallate papillae contain large numbers of
taste buds laterally at about the base
40
what are circumvallate papillae axxoicated with?
salivary glands (von ebner's glands) at the base of papilla
41
In humans, taste buds located on
papillae of tongue (except filliform)
42
Adults have from 3,000—10,000 taste
buds; past age of 45, many taste buds
---
degenerate
43
degeneration of taste buds are responsible or
changes in taste with age
44
taste buds are also scattered over (3)
palate
pharynx
epiglottis
45
oval taste buds consist of up to 20-30 spindle shaped central
taste cells
46
taste cells are
gustatory cells
47
taste cells contain
taste hairs
48
Taste hairs project from surface of
| cell into a central
taste pore
49
taste hairs are covered by
glycoprotein coat
50
taste hairs are surrounded by (2)
sustentacular cells
| basal cells
51
Taste cells continuously (2); have lifespan of ~ 10
| days in most mammals
lost &
| replaced
52
taste cells associated with
myelinated N endings
53
which cranial nerve fibers innervate taste cells (3)
VII, IX, & X
54
Fourbasic tastes:
sweet, sour,
| bitter, & salty
55
Each taste cell contains receptors
| for
only one taste
56
Each taste cell contains receptors
for only one taste, but individual
taste buds contain
a mixture of taste cells
57
Bitter taste receptors concentrated
| on
circumvallate papillae
58
Fifthtaste recently
discovered, also associated
with circumvallate papillae—
called
umami (savory)
59
umami detects
```
ertain AA’s, inc.
glutamate, aspartate—
characteristic of asparagus,
tomatoes, beef, cheese, and
MSG
```
60
recent evidence of 6th taste for
fat
61
genetic basis for taste demonstarted through
PTC (phenylthiocarbamide)
62
tasters=
| non tasters=
bitter
| nothing
63
taste may influence
food preferences
64
hypogeusia
decreased ability to detect taste
65
type 1 familial dysautonomia
hereditary condition
| total absence of taste buds
66
Underlying mucosa in caudal 1/3 is mass of lymphoid tissue,
lingual tonsil
67
lingual tonsil is similar to (2) in structure and function
palatine
| pharyngeal
68
Tonsils located in ring ~ nasopharynx; collectively referred to as
Waldeyer’s ring
69
Waldeyer’s ring functions to protect (2)
respiratory & digestive tract
70
Uvula
extension of posterior free margin of soft palate
71
uvula has a central core of
skeletal muscle
72
uvula is covered by
lignin mucosa
73
uvula contains large numbers of
submucosal (palatine) glands
74
uvula prevents food from...
entering the nasal cavity during swallowing
75
where are salivary glands
distributed throughout submucosa of oral cavity
76
3 major pairs of salivary glands
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
77
parotid gland
(largest gland, located on cheeks) almost completely serous
78
Parotid duct
Stenson’s duct, opens within vestibule, opposite upper 2nd molar
79
Sublingual
(located below tongue) mostly mucous
80
Submandibular
(located inferior & medial to ramus of mandible) mixed
81
Submandibular duct
(= Wharton’s duct), opens at sublingual caruncle
82
Numerous smaller, --- glands scattered throughout oral mucosa
accessory
83
examples of smaller, accessory glands (5)
lingual, labial, buccal, molar & palatine glands
84
Compound (branched) tubuloacinar glands—secretory unit is ---
acinus
85
Myoepithelialcells surround
acini
86
Myoepithelialcells surround acini—contraction aids in
secretion of saliva into ducts
87
Acini are either (2)
serous or mucous
88
Serous acini of mixed glands often in form of ---
demilunes
89
Intercalated ducts are lined by
simple cuboidal epithelium
90
function of intercalated ducts (2)
secrete HCO3, resorb Cl
91
Larger striated ducts are lined by
simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium
92
striated ducts contain basal striations, due to
folding of the plasma membrane
93
function of larger striated ducts (3)
resorb Na
secrete K into saliva
secrete lysozyme and IgA
94
where do striated ducts empty
large excretory ducts
95
what are excretory ducts lined by
stratified cuboidal or pseudostratified columnar epithelium
96
Sympathetic stimulation inhibits aqueous
secretion
97
Sympathetic stimulation inhibits aqueous secretion, resulting in
thick, viscous saliva, rich in protein (e.g., mucus)
98
Parasympathetic stimulation leads to
copious, watery saliva
99
what does saliva contain? (3)
water
glycoproteins
proteins
100
enzymes such as (2)
amylase
| lysozyme
101
amylase
converts starch to sugar
102
lysozyme
antibacterial properties
103
antibodies (2)
```
IgA
inorganic ions (C, P, Cl)
```
104
Saliva also high in --, low --, high --
K
Na
bicarbonate (HCO3-)
105
Average saliva production in humans ~ --- ml/ day
600-1500
106
SKIPPED
| functions of saliva (6)
* Moistens oral mucosa & dry food
* Provides carrier medium for sense of taste
* Buffering via high bicarbonate content
* Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase
* Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA
* Control of bacterial flora
107
Control of bacterial flora (3)
* Proteins in saliva cover teeth with acquired pellicle
* Contains Ab’s that prevent tooth decay
* ↓ salivary production exacerbates tooth decay
