Male Reprodutive System

Question 1

Functions of male reproductive tract

Answer 1

Production of spermatozoa, delivery of semen and production of androgens

Question 2

What do the testes take with them from the peritoneum

Answer 2

Parietal and viscera tunica vaginalis

Question 3

What covers the testis

Answer 3

A tough fibrous capsule known as the tunica albugina

Question 4

What send septa into the testis

Answer 4

Tunica vasculosa

Question 5

How many seminifierous tubules are in each lobule

Answer 5

1-3

Question 6

What connects the seminiferous tubule loops

Answer 6

Straight tubules called tubuli recti

Question 7

What is the network that the seminiferous tubule connect into called

Answer 7

Rete testis

Question 8

Function of rete testis

Answer 8

Carry sperm out of the testis to the epididymis

Question 9

What occurs in the epididymis

Answer 9

Sperm mature and are temporarily stored

Question 10

What is the epididymis continuous with

Answer 10

Ductus deferenes

Question 11

What is the function of the ductus deferenes

Answer 11

Convey sperm away from the scrotum along the spermatic cord

Question 12

What lines the seminiferous tubules

Answer 12

Seminiferous epithlium

Question 13

What makes up seminiferous lining

Answer 13

Various germ cells and support cells called sertoli cells

Question 14

What is the seminiferous lining bound by

Answer 14

Basal lamina, a lamina propria of connective tissue and myofibroblasts

Question 15

What is found in the interstices between the tubules

Answer 15

Connective tissue with clusters of Leydig cells

Question 16

What do lLeydig cells secrete

Answer 16

Testosterone

Question 17

what is spermatogenesis

Answer 17

The process of proliferation and maturation tat transforms diploid spermatogonia into haploid spermatozoa

Question 18

how long does spermatogenesis take

Answer 18

70 days

Question 19

Whta do Type A dark spermatogonia form

Answer 19

A pool of self-renewing stem cells or type A pale spermatogonia

Question 20

what forms type B spermatogonia

Answer 20

Type A pale spermatogonia after undergoing mitotic division

Question 21

From type B spermatogonia to spermatozoa

Answer 21

Type B under go mitosis = primary spermatocytes
PS then undergo meiosis I = secondary spermatocytes
SS rapidly undergo meiosis II = spermatids
Spermatids undergo maturation to give spermatozoa

Question 22

What is the name of the maturation process that spermatids undergo

Answer 22

spermiogenesis

Question 23

what is incompletre is all cell divisions after type B spermatogonia onwards

Answer 23

Cytokinesis

Question 24

what does the incomple cytokinesis cause

Answer 24

a clonal syncitium to form

Question 25

how long does meiosis I take

Answer 25

around 3 weeks

Question 26

how long does meiosis II take

Answer 26

less that one day

Question 27

what are the support cells within the seminiferous tubules

Answer 27

Sertoli cells

Question 28

function of sertoli cells

Answer 28

support the newly developed spermatozoa and controlling how the process proceeds

Question 29

where does sertoli cells extend from/to

Answer 29

The basal lamina to the lumen of the tubule

Question 30

What do the sertoli cells do

Answer 30

regulate spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis, control Leydig cells, produce tubular fluid, phagocytose discarded spermatid cytoplasm and via tight junctions, divide the tubule epithelium into two components

Question 31

what are the two compartments created by the sertoli cell tight junctions

Answer 31

adluminal and basal compartments

Question 32

what is within the adluminal compartment

Answer 32

all other developing cells

Question 33

what does the basal memebrane contain

Answer 33

spermatogonia and early spermatocytes

Question 34

what is within the acrosomal cap

Answer 34

enzymes that allow access through the corona radiata and zona pellucida

Question 35

what occurs to the nucleus of the smeratid during maturation

Answer 35

it elongates

Question 36

how is the flagellum of the sperm formed

Answer 36

one centriole elongates

Question 37

what is a residual body

Answer 37

the released cytoplasm from the spermatid

Question 38

what happens to the residual body

Answer 38

it is phagocytosed by the sertoli cells

Question 39

what is spermination

Answer 39

the release of the spermatozoa by the sertoli cells into the lumen

Question 40

once released from the sertoli cells where do the spermatozoa go

Answer 40

into the rete testis and epididymis by fluid flow and peristalsis

Question 41

when are the spermatozoa capable of swimming and fertilisation

Answer 41

during their passage through the epididymis

Question 42

What is between the seminiferous tubules

Answer 42

connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics

Question 43

what is abundant in Leydig cells

Answer 43

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 44

what do leydig cells respond to

Answer 44

lutenising hormone

Question 45

what secretes lutenising hormone

Answer 45

pituitary

Question 46

where does testosterone act upon

Answer 46

the seminiferous tubules and it also enters the circulation

Question 47

what do the seminiferous tubules end as

Answer 47

straight tubules known as tubuli recti

Question 48

what lines seminiferous tubules

Answer 48

sertoli cells

Question 49

where is the rete testis found

Answer 49

in the mediastinum of the testis

Question 50

what are the rete testis channels lined by

Answer 50

cilliated simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 51

where does the spermatozoa travel to from the rete testis

Answer 51

efferent ducts

Question 52

what lines the efferent ducts

Answer 52

ciliated epithelium that varies form cuboidal to pseudostratified columnar

Question 53

what does smooth muscle surrounding the efferent ducts form

Answer 53

thin circular sheath

Question 54

what is the epididymis

Answer 54

a highly coiled tubule

Question 55

what lines the epididymis

Answer 55

pseudostratified columar epithelium with sterocilia

Question 56

what does the fluted profile of the lumen of the vas deferens allow

Answer 56

expansion during ejaculation

Question 57

what surrounds the epithelium of the epididymis

Answer 57

smooth muscle cells

Question 58

what happens within the epididymis

Answer 58

sperm are stored and mature

Question 59

what lines the vas deferens

Answer 59

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

Question 60

what are sterocilia

Answer 60

giant microvili

Question 61

what is the epithlieum of the vas deferens surrounded by

Answer 61

lamina propria and 3 coats of smooth muscle

Question 62

smooth muscle of the vas deferens

Answer 62

inner and outer longitudinal layers and a central circular layer

Question 63

what innervated the smooth muscle of the vas deferens

Answer 63

sympathetic nervous system

Question 64

what is within the spermatic cord

Answer 64

the pampiniform plexus