Salivary Glands And Oral Tissue

Question 1

what are the three types of oral mucosa

Answer 1

Lining mucosa, masticatory mucosa and specialised mucosa

Question 2

What does the oral mucosa consist of

Answer 2

Stratified squamous epithelium, a lamina propria of dense connective tissue and a submucosa of loose connective tissue

Question 3

Where is masticatory mucosa found

Answer 3

Covering the hard palate and gingiva

Question 4

Characteristic of masticatory mucosa

Answer 4

It is keratinised or para-keratinised

Question 5

Where is lining mucosa found

Answer 5

Inside of the lips, lining the buccal surfaces, covering the soft palate, covering the floor of the mouth and inner surface of the tongue

Question 6

Is lining mucosa keratinised

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Dorsum of the tongue

Answer 7

Keratinised epithelium and numerous papillae

Question 8

Is the vermillion border of the lips keratinised

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Orientations of intrinsic skeletal muscle in the tongue

Answer 9

Longitudinal, transverse and vertical

Question 10

Epithelium of dorsum of tongue

Answer 10

Keratinised stratified squamous

Question 11

Lamina propria of dorsum of the tongue

Answer 11

Dense irregular connective tissue that ties the epithelium to the underlying muscle

Question 12

What are the four types of papillae

Answer 12

Filliform, fungiform, foliate and circumvallate

Question 13

Characteristics of filiform

Answer 13

Conical shaped with no taste buds

Question 14

Characteristics of fungiform

Answer 14

Blunt with taste buds

Question 15

Characteristics of folite

Answer 15

Slit-like at the margin of the tongue with taste buds

Question 16

Characteristics of circumvillate

Answer 16

Large, dome-shaped with a cleft surrounding them with taste buds at the margin of the papillae

Question 17

What are taste buds

Answer 17

Multicellular chemoreceptive units that span the epithelium

Question 18

What is saliva involved in

Answer 18

Protection, buffering, tooth integrity, antimicrobial activity, digestion and taste

Question 19

What does the fluid component of saliva do

Answer 19

Flush away non-adhesive bacteria, debris and sugar

Question 20

Function of mucins

Answer 20

Provide lubrication for oral tissues to move

Question 21

Function of bicarbonate

Answer 21

Protects the teeth from bacterial acids

Question 22

Function of calcium and phosphate

Answer 22

Helps enamel to mature and increases hardness and resistance to demineralisation

Question 23

What aids in the formation and swallowing of a food bolus

Answer 23

Fluid and mucin components of saliva

Question 24

What begins the process of breaking down food

Answer 24

Enzymes such as amylase

Question 25

What are the 3 major salivary glands

Answer 25

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

Question 26

Where are the major salivary glands located

Answer 26

Outside the oral cavity

Question 27

Where are the minor salivary glands located

Answer 27

In the oral mucosa - typically in the submucosa

Question 28

Where do the ducts from the minor salivary glands open onto

Answer 28

The mucosal surface

Question 29

What is the stroma of salivary glands

Answer 29

A tough connective tissue capsule with septa of connective tissue that subdivide the glands

Question 30

What travels within the septa of salivary glands

Answer 30

Blood vessels, nerves and major ducts

Question 31

What is the parenchyma of salivary glands composed of

Answer 31

Compound tuboacinar glands

Question 32

What are the secretory elements of the salivary glands

Answer 32

Serous acini, mucous acini and mixed acini

Question 33

How is secretion produced

Answer 33

By merocrine secretion

Question 34

How does merocrine secretion occur

Answer 34

By exocytosis

Question 35

What are the different types of duct morphology

Answer 35

Simple and compound

Question 36

What are the different types of arrangement of secretory elements

Answer 36

Tuboacinar

Question 37

How can glands be classified

Answer 37

By duct morphology and arrangement of secretory elements

Question 38

What type of glands are salivary glands

Answer 38

Compound tuboacinar glands

Question 39

Different classification of secretory elements in salivary glands

Answer 39

Serous and mucous

Question 40

What do serous cells secrete

Answer 40

Thin watery secretion that contains proteins and ions

Question 41

What do mucous cells secrete

Answer 41

Mucin which consists of a protein core that is highly decorated with sugar residues - this results in a viscous, sticky secretion

Question 42

Cells of the serous acini

Answer 42

Wedge shaped with a prominent nucleus in the basal part of the cell Have extensive rER and a granular appearance due to the apical secretory vesicles

Question 43

Cells of the mucous acini

Answer 43

Found in the tubular element of the tuboacinar glandular structure Have large number of secretory granules packing the cytoplasm

Question 44

What happens to the nucleus in routine staining

Answer 44

Typically pushed to the basal surface of the cell by granules

Question 45

What is a serous demilune

Answer 45

An artifact present in staining

Question 46

What do the population of epithelial cells surrounding the secretory cells of salivary glands do

Answer 46

Contract

Question 47

What does the acinus empty into

Answer 47

Intercalated duct

Question 48

Intercalated duct epithelium

Answer 48

Simple cuboidal

Question 49

What does the intercalated duct empty into

Answer 49

Striated duct

Question 50

Cells of striated duct

Answer 50

Columnar with their nucleus in a central position and have prominent striations at the basal surface

Question 51

What are the striations within a striated duct

Answer 51

Infoldings of the cell membrane accompanied by lines of mitochondria

Question 52

Why do striated ducts require mitochondria

Answer 52

To power the molecular pumps

Question 53

What cells do striated ducts pump out/in

Answer 53

Na+ ~ out | K+ and HCO-3 ~ in

Question 54

What is the net effect of ions being taken out/added into the saliva

Answer 54

A hypotonic saliva

Question 55

What are both intercalated and striated ducts

Answer 55

Interlobular

Question 56

What do striated ducts empty into

Answer 56

Secretory ducts

Question 57

Where are secretory ducts found

Answer 57

Within the connective tissue

Question 58

Lining of secretory ducts

Answer 58

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with tall columnar cells and small basal cells

Question 59

Function of the small basal cells

Answer 59

Stem cells

Question 60

Lining of merged duct

Answer 60

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 61

What is the main form of minor salivary glands

Answer 61

Mucous

Question 62

Examples of minor secretory glands

Answer 62

Lingual, minor sublingual, labial, palatine and buccal

Question 63

What are the entirely serous minor glands

Answer 63

Von Ebners glands

Question 64

Where are von Ebner's glands found

Answer 64

Associated with circumvillate and foliate papillae and open into the cleft

Question 65

What is the function of the secretion from von Ebner's

Answer 65

Help to dissolve food molecules to aid taste and also keep the cleft flushed to allow for the next taste