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ANAT 214 > Mastication > Flashcards

Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

describe skeletal components of chewing apparatus - main

A

mandible - bottom
maxilla - top
temporal bone = where mandible sits and articulates with cranium

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2
Q

describe skeletal components of chewing apparatus - chewing muscle attachments

A

other bones that serve as sites of chewing muscle attachment = zygomatic, parietal and sphenoid

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3
Q

what is ramus of mandible

A

branch
root part of mandible
Articulates with skul

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4
Q

what is angle of mandible

A

where ramus becomes corpus

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5
Q

what is mental foramen of mandible

A

hole on body

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6
Q

what is chin of mandible

A

mental protuberance

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7
Q

what is coronoid process of mandible

A

site of muscle attachment

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8
Q

what is mandibular notch of mandible

A

notch between head and coronoid process

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9
Q

what is condyle of mandible

A

head
Important for chewing
joint head, knuckle shaped, elliptical surface for mandible

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10
Q

what is mandibular foramen of mandible

A

nerves and structures enter here and run across mandible (corpus) and comes out a hole

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11
Q

describe tmj - gen

A

Mandible articulates with temporal at tmj

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12
Q

what is articular tubercle - tmj

A

Ridge
sits just anteriorly, stopper

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13
Q

what does mandibular fossa of temporal bone do

A

mandibular fossa of temporal bone = accommodates head of mandible

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14
Q

what is articular disk - tmj

A

fibrocartilage
chunk - sits between temporal and mandible
helps with gliding, matching surfaces
also allows some movement

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15
Q

what is lateral ligament - tmj

A

reinforce joints with ligaments = increase stability, prevent dislocation, runs from zygomatic process of temporal to neck

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16
Q

describe joint - tmj

A

modified synovial hinge joint = primarily a hinge - opens and closes

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17
Q

name what motions does tmj do

A

protraction
retraction
depression
elevation
side to side - minimal

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18
Q

describe protraction - tmj

A

anterior translation of mandible

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19
Q

describe retraction - tmj

A

posterior translation of mandible

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20
Q

describe depression - tmj

A

abduction
inferior rotation around transverse axis = opening mouth (increase angle between top and bottom)

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21
Q

describe elevation - tmj

A

adduction
Superior rotation around transverse axis= closing mouth

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22
Q

describe main vs minimal movements of tmj

A

minimal = side to side translation motion
main = protraction, retraction. Depression, elevation * mostly linear movement

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23
Q

how do we only chew on one side

A

motion of retraction and protraction essential for aligning teeth

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24
Q

describe tmj/motions during depression of mandible

A

head glides anteriorly over articular tubercle
head moves within joint and rests on tubercle (abducted and protracted)

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25
describe temporal fossa
superior to zygomatic arch with floor formed by bones that contribute to pterion = frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid
26
describe infratemporal fossa - gen
deep to zygomatic arch and mandibular ramus inferior to temporal
27
describe infratemporal fossa - bony boundaries
mandibular ramus = lateral Sphenoid = superior and medial (a bit) maxilla = anterior Temporal = posterior NO FLOOR THOOOO
28
describe infratemporal fossa - occupied by what
muscles of mastication and neurovascular structures
29
name muscles of mastication
temporalis masseter medial and lateral pterygoids
30
describe temporalis - muscles of mastication - gen
from temporal fossa to coronoid process of mandible fan shaped muscle -attached to all of temporal fossa all fibers converge on coronoid process of mandible
31
describe temporalis - muscles of mastication - function
elevation (anterior fibers) and retraction (posterior fibers) of mandible at tmj
32
describe temporalis - muscles of mastication - shorten anterior fibers
bring mandible up pure adduction --> rotate tmj, bring coronoid process superiorly
33
describe temporalis - muscles of mastication - shorten posterior fibers
pulling mandibular head back into mandibular fossa (when mouth open)
34
describe masseter - muscles of mastication - gen
from zygomatic arch to lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible (zygomatic arch supports attachment of masseter)
35
describe masseter - muscles of mastication - function
elevation and protraction of mandible at tmj adduction and bring mandible out of socket = open mouth or rotate side to sided - down to angle of mandible = shorten adduct, only slight protraction
36
describe masseter - muscles of mastication - relationship with parotid
parotid pierces buccinator passes around anterior end of masseter
37
describe medial pterygoid - muscles of mastication - gen
from maxilla/palatine (a bit) to medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible = superficial head medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate to medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible = deep head heads run side by side and deep head = bigger
38
describe medial pterygoid - muscles of mastication - function
elevation of mandible at tmj masseter and medial pterygoid are mirror images = (oriented same way) on either side of mandibular ramus (runs from ramus to opposite side tmj), creates a v shaped sling for forceful elevation both muscles = provide very forceful adduction = pulls up mandible
39
describe lateral pterygoid - muscles of mastication - gen
from sphenoid greater wing to articular disk and condyle of tmj (to mandibular head)= superior head from lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate to articular disk and condyle of tmj (to mandibular head) = inferior head
40
describe lateral pterygoid - muscles of mastication - function bilateral
mandible protraction initiation of mouth opening Shorten = mandible out towards other attachment
41
describe lateral pterygoid - muscles of mastication - function unilateral
translate mandible towards opposite side - moves articular head over to articular tubercle (protraction of mandible) move ipsilateral mandible head medially - chew on one side only (one side only - head goes on to articular tubercle, move ipsilateral mandible head out so can chew on contralateral side)
42
describe features of lateral pterygoid muscle of mastication
not involved in chewing - just opens/aligns mouth lateral to medial pterygoid = more superficial perpendicular to medial pterygoid (fibers)
43
describe motor innervation of muscles of mastication - gen
trigeminal - v3 mandibular nerve = through foramen ovale (right into infratemporal fossa)
44
describe motor innervation of muscles of mastication - branches
lateral pterygoid nerve medial pterygoid nerve deep temporal nerves masseteric nerve (must go over mandibular notch to back or deep side of masseter) buccal nerve - sensory to cheek
45
describe buccal nerve - muscles of mastication
big branch of mandibular inside and outside Close to buccinator (motor from facial nerve - muscle of facial expression)
46
describe general sensory innervation to skin of mastication - gen
general sensory innervation to skin and soft tissues around chewing apparatus from CN V (mainly v2 and v3)
47
describe maxillary teeth
inferior view = incisors, canines, premolars, molars
48
describe mandibular teeth
superior view = molars, premolars, canines, incisors
49
describe types of teeth and functions
incisors = allows us to bite canines = pierces and threat (secondary feature) premolars and molars = chewing surfaces 3rd molar = wisdom teeth
50
describe dental formula for teeth
I = 2 C =1 P = 2 M = 3 4 quadrants = 8x4 = 32 teeth in most adults
51
describe teeth roots
anchors teeth via roots
52
describe teeth crowns
exposed, covered in enamel, hard, helps chew
53
name nerves of teeth
lingual inferior alveolar nerve mental nerve Superior alveolar nerve infraorbital nerve
54
what are teeth sockets called
teeth roots = alveoli
55
describe lingual nerve - teeth
v3 - sensory and general sensation to gums and ant 2/3 tongue
56
describe inferior alveolar nerve - teeth
v3 - enters via mandibular foramen and runs in mandible innervation of mandibular teeth and gums of lower jaw ---> terminal branch = mental nerve (sensory to lower lips, and chin, exits via mental foramen)
57
describe mental nerve - teeth
Sensory to chin terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerve -v3
58
describe superior alveolar nerves - teeth
runs partially in maxillary sinus - sensory innervation to maxillary teeth and gums of upper jaw
59
describe infraorbital nerve - teeth
sphenopalatine splits and sends branch to floor of orbit v2 (foramen rotundum) onto face sends branches to sockets (alveolar) and maxillary teeth
60
name ateries/veins of teeth
maxillary - branch eca infraorbital a/v superior alveolar a/v - another branch inferior alveolar a/v - run with nerve through mandible venous plexus
61
what passes through mandibular foramen
inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein
62
describe teeth arteries - pathway
eca --> maxillary -->infraorbital and another branch = sup alveolar and another branch = inf alveolar
63
what is venous plexus - for teeth
collects all blood - venous from everywhere in head including surface
64
describe contents of infratemporal fossa
pterygoid muscles occupy most of infratemporal fossa (lateral pterygoid more superficial) major neurovascular structures related to chewing apparatus travel in infratemporal fossa, between pterygoid muscles (deep to lateral but superficial to medial pterygoid)
65
name all components of infratemporal fossa
muscular branches of v3 chorda tympani - cnVII Maxillary artery inferior alveolar nerve sphenopalatine artery infraorbital nerve descending palatine artery buccal nerve - v3 lingual nerve - v3
66
describe muscular branches of v3 - IFT
go to muscles
67
describe chorda tymapni CNVII - IFT
Branch of facial nerve to ant 2/3 of tongue (taste), hitchhikes with lingual
68
describe maxillary artery - IFT
traverses infratemporal fossa diagonally (post to ant) ends in important branches
69
describe inferior alveolar nerve - IFT
v3 travels with inferior alveolar a/v
70
describe sphenopalatine artery - IFT
runs down septum and down incisive canal - back into anterior hard palate
71
describe infraorbital artery - IFT
enters orbit through infraorbital fissure
72
describe descending palatine artery - IFT
down into groove (tunnel)= greater and lesser palatine arteries = blood to hard and soft palate
73
describe buccal nerve - IFT
Sensory - v3
74
describe lingual nerve - IFT
to tongue

ANAT 214 (34 decks)

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