MedTerm - module 11

Question 1

digestive tract or (2 other names)

Answer 1

alimentary tract

Gastrointestinal tract

Question 2

digestion

Answer 2

mechanical and chemical breakdown of food for use by the body

Question 3

stomat/o, or/o

Answer 3

mouth

Question 4

cheil/o

Answer 4

lip

Question 5

gloss/o, lingu/o

Answer 5

tongue

Question 6

palat/o

Answer 6

palate

Question 7

uvul/o

Answer 7

uvula

Question 8

bolus

Answer 8

movements mix food with saliva to form a compact mass

Question 9

sial/o

Answer 9

saliva

Question 10

sialaden/o

Answer 10

salivary gland

Question 11

three extrinsic salivary glands

Answer 11

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

Question 12

bucc/o

Answer 12

buccal glands

Question 13

epiglott/o

Answer 13

epiglottis

Question 14

esophag/o

Answer 14

esophagus

Question 15

peristalsis

Answer 15

involuntary wave-like movement

Question 16

gastr/o

Answer 16

stomach

Question 17

sphincter

Answer 17

control opening and closing through contractions

Question 18

pylor/o

Answer 18

pylorus

Question 19

antr/o

Answer 19

antrum

Question 20

pepsia

Answer 20

digestion

Question 21

pyloric sphincter

Answer 21

ring of muscles that guards the opening between the stomach and duodenum to ensure that food does not leave the stomach and enter the small intestine because it is chemically ready

Question 22

enter/o

Answer 22

small intestine

Question 23

duoden/o

Answer 23

duodenum

Question 24

chol/e

Answer 24

bile

Question 25

hepat/o

Answer 25

liver

Question 26

cholecyst/o

Answer 26

gallbladder

Question 27

pancreat/o

Answer 27

panreas

Question 28

cholangi/o

Answer 28

bile ducts

Question 29

jejun/o

Answer 29

jejunum

Question 30

ile/o

Answer 30

ileum

Question 31

cec/o

Answer 31

cecum

Question 32

col/o, colon/o

Answer 32

colon

Question 33

sigmoid/o

Answer 33

sigmoid colon

Question 34

rect/o, proct/o

Answer 34

rectum

Question 35

feces

Answer 35

solid waste expelled from the body through the anus

Question 36

an/o

Answer 36

anus

Question 37

defecation

Answer 37

removal of waste (feces)

Question 38

abdomin/o, lapar/o, celi/o

Answer 38

abdomen

Question 39

peritone/o

Answer 39

peritoneum

Question 40

mesentary

Answer 40

fan-shaped fold of this peritoneum

Question 41

or/o

Answer 41

oral

Question 42

gingivitis

Answer 42

inflammation of the gums

Question 43

glossopathy

Answer 43

any disease of the tongue

Question 44

sialolith

Answer 44

stone in the salivary gland

Question 45

uvulitis

Answer 45

inflammation of the uvula

Question 46

palatitis

Answer 46

inflammation of the palate

Question 47

reflux

Answer 47

return of flow of fluid

Question 48

gastroeophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer 48

backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus that gradually breaks down the mucous barrier of the esophagus

Question 49

emesis

Answer 49

vomiting

Question 50

hematemisis

Answer 50

vomiting of blood

Question 51

bulimia

Answer 51

eating disorder in which people gorge themselves on food then induce vomiting

Question 52

anorexia nervosa

Answer 52

psychoneurotic disorder

Question 53

obesity

Answer 53

excess of body fat

Question 54

polyp/o

Answer 54

polyp

Question 55

polyposis

Answer 55

abnormal condition of multiple polyps, can develop

Question 56

dysphagia

Answer 56

difficulty in swallowing

Question 57

aphagia

Answer 57

inability to swallow, but this is rare with polyps

Question 58

gastroenterology

Answer 58

branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the stomach and intestines

Question 59

gastromegaly

Answer 59

abnormal enlargement of the stomach

Question 60

ascites

Answer 60

abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Question 61

gastromalacia

Answer 61

abnormal softening of the walls of the stomach

Question 62

gastritis

Answer 62

inflammation of the stomach

Question 63

adhesion

Answer 63

abnormal growing together of two surfaces that normally are separated

Question 64

diarrhea

Answer 64

frequent passage of of loose, watery feces

Question 65

constipation

Answer 65

decreased motility of the colon; defecation is difficult

Question 66

dysentery

Answer 66

inflammation of the intestines

Question 67

irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 67

IBS

Question 68

ulcer

Answer 68

open wound

Question 69

peptic ulcer

Answer 69

eroded area of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum

Question 70

duodenal ulcer/gastric ulcer

Answer 70

occurs in the duodenum

Question 71

apepsia

Answer 71

lack of digestion altogether

Question 72

melena

Answer 72

bleeding in the upper GI tract, stools are black and tarry due to the presence of digested blood

Question 73

hematochezia

Answer 73

passage of bloody stools

Question 74

ulcerative colitis

Answer 74

inflammation of the large intestine that may produce a bleeding ulcer

Question 75

idiopathic

Answer 75

adlkj

Question 76

gastroenteritis

Answer 76

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

Question 77

gastroenterocolitis

Answer 77

inflammation of the stomach, intestines, and colon

Question 78

crohn disease

Answer 78

chronic intestinal inflammation that usually occurs in the terminal ileum and colon and is characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue can lead to intestinal obstruction

Question 79

celiac disease

Answer 79

immune reaction to gluten

Question 80

malabsorption

Answer 80

conduction of impaired digestion or impaired intestinal absorption of nutrients

Question 81

diverticulitis

Answer 81

inflammatory condition involving the presence of diverticula

Question 82

leukocytosis

Answer 82

elevated white blood count

Question 83

diverticul/o

Answer 83

diverticulum

Question 84

diverticulosis

Answer 84

presence of pouchlike herniations through the muscular layer of the colon, especially the sigmoid colon

Question 85

ileus

Answer 85

obstruction of the intestines, caused by failure of peristalsis

Question 86

intussusception

Answer 86

telescoping the intestines

Question 87

volvulus

Answer 87

twisting of the intestine upon itself

Question 88

hernia

Answer 88

protrusion, or rupture, of an organ through the body wall

Question 89

inguin/o

Answer 89

groin

Question 90

umbilic/o

Answer 90

umbilicus

Question 91

hiatal hernia

Answer 91

upper part of the stomach protruding through the diaphragm

Question 92

inguinal hernia

Answer 92

small loop of bowel protruding through a weak lower abdominal muscle

Question 93

hermorrhoid

Answer 93

swollen or distendedm twisting veins in the rectal region

Question 94

proctoptosis

Answer 94

proplapse of the rectum

Question 95

rectocele

Answer 95

protrusion of the rectum

Question 96

sclera

Answer 96

normally white

Question 97

hepatitis

Answer 97

inflammation of the liver

Question 98

steat/o

Answer 98

excess fat

Question 99

pancreatitis

Answer 99

inflammation of the pancreas

Question 100

hepatoma

Answer 100

tumor of the liver

Question 101

cirrhosis

Answer 101

chronic disease with gradual destruction of cells

Question 102

hemochromatosis

Answer 102

fairly rare disorder that occurs when the body absorbs too much iron from food, creating excess iron deposits

Question 103

cholelithiasis

Answer 103

gall stones

Question 104

choledocholithiasis

Answer 104

stones in the common bile duct

Question 105

cholangioma

Answer 105

tumor of the bile duct

Question 106

cholecyst/o

Answer 106

gallbladder

Question 107

cholecystitis

Answer 107

inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 108

endoscopy

Answer 108

visual examination of the interior of an organ using an endoscope

Question 109

esophagoscopy

Answer 109

insertion of an instrument to look at the esophagus

Question 110

laproscopy

Answer 110

look at the abdominal cavity

Question 111

helicobacter pylori antibodies test

Answer 111

diagnostic blood test to see the presence of the helicobacter pylori that causes gastritis and pyloric ulcers

Question 112

barium enema

Answer 112

radiographic fils taken of large intestin