Micro "Most Commons"

Question 1

Most common bugs that mimic appendicitis

Answer 1

Yersinia enterocolitica
Nontyphoidal Salmonella
Campylobacter jejuni

Question 2

7 most common causes of bloody diarrhea

Answer 2

Campylobacter
Salmonella
Shigella
EHEC
EIEC
Yersinia enterocolitica
Entamoeba histolytica

Question 3

6 most common causes of watery diarrhea

Answer 3

ETEC
Vibrio cholerae
C. difficile
C. perfringens
Protozoa
Viruses

Question 4

Most common causes of pneumonia in neonates (< 4 weeks)

Answer 4

Group B strep

E. coli

Question 5

Most common causes of pneumonia in children (4 weeks - 18 years)

Answer 5

Viruses (RSV)
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia trachomatis (infants-3 years)
C. pneumoniae (school aged children)
S. pneumoniae

Question 6

Most common causes of pneumonia in adults (18-40 years)

Answer 6

Mycoplasma
C. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae

Question 7

Most common causes of pneumonia in adults (40-65 years)

Answer 7

S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Anaerobes
Viruses
Mycoplasma

Question 8

Most common causes of pneumonia in elderly

Answer 8

S. pneumoniae
Influenza virus
Anaerobes
H. influenzae
Gram-negative rods

Question 9

Most common causes of nosocomial pneumonia

Answer 9

Staph

Enteric gram-negative rods

Question 10

Most common causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised

Answer 10

Staph
Enteric gram-negative rods
Fungi
Viruses
Pneumocystis jirovecii - with HIV

Question 11

Most common causes of aspiration pneumonia

Answer 11

Anaerobes

Question 12

Most common causes of pneumonia in alcoholics and IV drug users

Answer 12

S. pneumoniae
Klebsiella
Staph

Question 13

Most common causes of pneumonia in cystic fibrosis

Answer 13

Pseudomonas
S. aureus
S. pneumoniae

Question 14

Most common causes of postviral pneumonia

Answer 14

Staph
H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae

Question 15

Most common causes of atypical pneumonia

Answer 15

Mycoplasma
Legionella
Chlamydia

Question 16

Most common causes of meningitis in newborns (0-6 months)

Answer 16

Group B strep
E. coli
Listeria

Question 17

Most common causes of meningitis in children (6 months-6 years)

Answer 17

S.pneumoniae
N.meningitidis
H. influenzae type B
Enteroviruses

Question 18

Most common causes of meningitis in 6-60 year olds

Answer 18

S. pneumoniae
N. meningitidis (#1 in teens)
Enteroviruses
HSV

Question 19

Most common causes of meningitis in 60 year old +

Answer 19

S. pneumoniae
Gram negative rods
Listeria

Question 20

Most common causes of viral meningitis

Answer 20

Enteroviruses (esp. coxsackievirus)
HSV-2 (HSV-1=encephalitis)
HIV
West Nile virus
VZV

Question 21

Most common causes of meningitis in HIV patients

Answer 21

Cryptococcus
CMV
Toxoplasmosis (brain abscess)
JC virus (PML)

Question 22

Most common causes of osteomyelitis given no other information

Answer 22

S. aureus

Question 23

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in sexually active

Answer 23

N. gonorrhoeae (rare), septic arthritis more common

Question 24

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in diabetics and IV drug users

Answer 24

Pseudomonas

Serratia

Question 25

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in sickle cell

Answer 25

Salmonella

Question 26

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in prosthetic replacement

Answer 26

S. aureus | S. epidermidis

Question 27

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in vertebral disease

Answer 27

M. tuberculosis (Pott's disease)

Question 28

Most common causes of osteomyelitis with cat and dog bites or scratches

Answer 28

Pasteurella multocida

Question 29

Most common cause of UTI

Answer 29

E. coli

Question 30

2nd most common cause of community acquired UTI in sexually active women

Answer 30

Staph saprophyticus

Question 31

3rd leading cause of UTI

Answer 31

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 32

Most common causes of PID

Answer 32

Chlamydia trachomatis | Neisseria gonorhoaea

Question 33

Most common bacterial STD in the U.S.

Answer 33

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 34

Most common cause of rash in unimmunized children

Answer 34

Rubella: begins at head and moves down with postauricular lymphadenopathy Measles: begins at head and moves down, rash preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, photophobia and Koplik spots

Question 35

Most common cause of meningitis in unimmunized children

Answer 35

H. influenzae type B | Poliovirus

Question 36

Most common causes of pharyngitis in unimmunized children

Answer 36

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 37

Most common causes of epiglottis in unimmunized children

Answer 37

H. influenzae type B