Mod 16

Question 1

What is the circadian rhythm?

Answer 1

Our regular body rhythm that occurs on a 24 hour cycle; internal biological clock.

Question 2

What are ultradian and infradian rhythms?

Answer 2

Ultradian rhythms occur more than once a day. ex) breathing
Infradian rhythms occur less than once a day; could be once a year. ex) menstruation

Question 3

How many stages of sleep are there and how long is the full cycle?

Answer 3

There are 4 and the occur over a span of about 90 minutes.

Question 4

Which waves occur when awake? Explain them please.

Answer 4

Beta waves - emitted when we are consciously alert, feel agitated, tense, afraid. About 14-30 Hz
Alpha Waves - emitted in a state of physical and mental relaxation. 9-13 Hz

Question 5

What occurs during stage 1?

Answer 5

Its about 5-10 minutes and we can experience
1) slowed breathing
2) irregular brain waves
3) hypnagogic sensation (hallucinations)

Question 6

What waves are emitted during stage one?

Answer 6

Alpha Waves - physical and mental relaxation “Ill wake up still”
Theta Waves - occur at the end of stage one and all of 2. Deep meditation and on the brink of sleep. 4-8Hz “Wake ha tibit up”

Question 7

What occurs during stage 2?

Answer 7

It’s about 20 minutes, and we relax more deeply than in stage one

Question 8

What waves are emitted during stage 2?

Answer 8

K-complex - large slow waves that transition to stage 3
Theta Waves - occur at the end of stage one and all of 2. Its deep meditation and on the brink of sleep. “Wake ha tibit up”
Sleep spindles - bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain activity

Question 9

What occurs during stage 3?

Answer 9

Its about 30 munites of deep sleep.

Question 10

What waves are emitted during stage 3?

Answer 10

Delta “D- Delta-deep sleep” waves - large slow waves; 1-3Hz

Question 11

What occurs during REM/stage 4 sleep?

Answer 11

The first time through its about 10 minutes and
1) our heart rate rises
2) we begin to breath rapidly
3)our eyes move underneath our eyelids; signs of a dream

Question 12

What are some other factors of REM?

Answer 12

1) Sleep paralysis
2) active motor cortex thats blocked by brainstem
3) paradoxical sleep - internal arousal w/ external calmness

Question 13

What happens to each stage as the cycle go on?

Answer 13

1) NREM-1 usually occurs when we first fall asleep
2) NREM-2 gets longer
3) NREM-3 gets shorter and slowly disappears
4) REM gets longer

Question 14

What affects our sleep patterns?

Answer 14

1) Genes
2) Culture
3) The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) - cell clusters in hypothalamus that control our circadian rhythm.

Question 15

Why do we need sleep?

Answer 15

1) Sleep Protects
2) Helps us recuperate (restore/repair)
3) Helps restore and rebuild memories
4) feeds creative thinking
5) Supports growth

Question 16

How does sleep support growth?

Answer 16

During NREM-3 the pituitary gland releases a growth hormone that can also improve athletic ability

Question 17

What is desynchronization?

Answer 17

The start of disharmony between different systems or processes in the body or mind