Mod 45

Question 1

What is stranger anxiety?

Answer 1

A fear of strangers infants display around 8 months because they have a schema for familiar faces

Question 2

What is attachment?

Answer 2

emotional tie with another.
1 year olds form an attachment bond with parents for survival

Question 3

What is the Harlow monkey experiment?

Answer 3

they separated the infant monkeys from their mothers shortly after birth and raised them in individual cages, each including a cheesecloth baby blanket. When their soft blankets were taken to be washed, the monkeys became distressed.

Then the increased the intensity by making 2 artificial mothers; one made of barb wire and the other wrapped in a soft cloth. The monkeys preferred the softer mother

Question 4

What is a Secure base?

Answer 4

caregiver provides a safe and reliable environment from which the child can explore

Question 5

What is a critical period?

Answer 5

an optimal period when certain events must take place to facilitate proper development.
Attachments to parents usually form during this time.

Question 6

What is imprinting?

Answer 6

Certain animals form strong attachments early in life

Question 7

What is childrens version of imprinting?

Answer 7

Sensitive period

Question 8

Who corresponds with familiarity?

Answer 8

Konrad Lopez

Question 9

What is the strange situation experiment?

Answer 9

Done by Mary ainsworth.
a child is placed in an unfamiliar environment while their caregiver leaves and then returns, and the child’s reactions are observed.

Question 10

What are the two types of attachments from the strange situation experiment?

Answer 10

1) Secure attachment - infants who comfortably explore environments in the presence of their caregiver, show only temporary distress when the caregiver leaves, and find comfort in the caregiver’s return.

2) Insecure attachments - demonstrated by infants who display either a clinging, anxious attachment or an avoidant attachment that resists closeness.

Question 11

What Is temperament? Nature or Nurture?

Answer 11

a person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity
NATURE

Question 12

Children with secure attachment, approach life with..

Answer 12

Basic trust - a sense that the world is predictable and reliable

Question 13

What is a self concept?

Answer 13

all thoughts and feelings about ourselves. It answers the “Who Am I” questions.
This develops around age 12

Question 14

How does the authoritarian parenting style work?

Answer 14

They impose rules and expect obedience

Question 15

How does the permissive parenting style work?

Answer 15

They make few demands, set few limits, and use little punishment.

Question 16

How does the negligent parenting style work?

Answer 16

They are careless, inattentive, and do not seek to have a close relationship with their children.

Question 17

How does the authoritative parenting style work?

Answer 17

They exert control by setting rules, but, especially with older children, they encourage open discussion and allow exceptions.

Question 18

An 18-month-old typically recognizes herself in a mirror. This self-awareness contributes to

a) self-assurance.

b) self-concept.

c) self-esteem.

d) self-actualization.

e) self-determination.

Answer 18

b) self-concept.

Question 19

Studies done by Harry and Margaret Harlow found that

a) nutrition was the most important factor in attachment.

b) contact comfort was the most important factor in attachment.

c) the surrogate mother’s appearance was the most important attachment factor.

d) monkeys were equally likely to become attached to either surrogate mother.

e) the monkeys didn’t form attachments to the surrogate mothers.

Answer 19

b) contact comfort was the most important factor in attachment.

Question 20

What do we call an optimal window of opportunity for proper development?

a) Attachment

b) A critical period

c) A social period

d) Imprinting

e) A parenting style

Answer 20

b) A critical period

Question 21

Which of the following identifies the parenting style most likely to harshly punish a teen who has been accused of wrongdoing without first hearing from the teen?

a) Authoritative

b) Authoritarian

c) Permissive

d) Detached

e) Negligent

Answer 21

b) Authoritarian

Question 22

Which of the following would be considered a sign of secure attachment in a 1-year-old?

a) Showing no sign of stranger anxiety, whether the parent is present or not

b) Paying no attention to a parent who returns after a brief separation

c) Showing anger at the parent after a brief separation

d) Becoming distressed when the parent leaves and seeking contact on return

e) Not reacting to a parent leaving or returning after a brief separation

Answer 22

d) Becoming distressed when the parent leaves and seeking contact on return

Question 23

According to research done by Erik Erikson and Joan Erikson, children who are securely attached are also likely to be

a) parented by authoritarian parents.

b) developing a sense of basic trust.

c) raised in a neglectful environment.

d) showing less stranger anxiety.

e) able to think in an abstract manner.

Answer 23

b) developing a sense of basic trust.