Module 1 Flashcards by Gabrielle Sodusta

The following are properties of organic compounds, EXCEPT:

o Bonding is almost entirely covalent.

o Many are soluble in water

o Most are insoluble in water

o Reactions are very slow

Most are insoluble in water

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Which of the following atoms is not commonly encountered in organic compounds?

o HYDROGEN
o IRON
o CARBON
o OXYGEN

Iron

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Which of the following statements concerning organic compounds is correct?

o Organic compounds are found only in non-living systems.

o Organic compounds are always soluble in water.

o Organic compounds cannot be found in nature; they must be synthesized in a laboratory.

o Organic compounds always contain the element carbon

Organic compounds always contain the element carbon.

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Which of the following terms refer to the collection of atoms at a site that have a characteristic behavior in all molecules where it
occurs?

o Functional group

o Carboxyl group

o Halogen group

o Carbonyl group

Functional group

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What is the label of the bond between the first two carbon atoms starting from the left?

CH3-CH=CH-CH2CH3

o δ sp2-sp2
o δ sp3-sp3
o δ sp-sp2
o δ sp3-sp

δ sp3-sp3

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When one s orbital is mixed with two p orbitals, it will result to:

o sp hybridization
o sp3 hybridization
o s hybridization
o sp2 hybridization

sp hybridization

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What is the composition of bonds in a compound containing triple bond?

o One sigma bond two pi bonds
o Two pi bonds and two sigma
bonds
o Two sigma bonds and one pi bond
o One pi bond and one sigma bond

One sigma bond two pi bonds

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Which of the following statements is not true regarding resonance structures?

o All resonance structures must have the same number of electrons

o All resonance structure must differ in the hybridization of atoms.

o All resonance structures must have the same arrangement of atoms

o All resonance structures must be valid Lewis structure

All resonance structure must differ in the hybridization of atoms

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Consider the molecule
(Insert photo)

o sp2 sp2 sp2 sp3 sp
o sp2 sp2 sp3 sp3 sp3
o sp2 sp2 sp3 sp3 sp2
o sp2 sp sp sp2 sp

sp2 sp2 sp2 sp3 sp

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When a carbon atom has sp3 hybridization, it has

o Four p bonds
o Three p bonds and one s bond
o Four s bonds
o Two p bonds and two s bonds

Two p bonds and two s bonds

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Electronegativity is a concept that is useful along with other concepts in:

o Predicting the polarity of a bond.
o Deciding how many electrons are involved in a bond.
o Formulating a statement of the octet rule.
o Determining the charge on a polyatomic ion.

Deciding how many electrons are involved in a bond.

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Which of the following statements concerning common alcohols is correct?

o Wood alcohol and Grain alcohol are the same substance.
o Rubbing alcohol is pure Ethyl alcohol.
o Absolute alcohol is pure Isopropanol.
o Ethanol can be produced by fermentation

Ethanol can be produced by fermentation

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Which of the following molecules would exhibit the largest dipole moment?

o CH3CH3
o CH3CH2F
o CH3CH2Cl
o CH3CH2Br

CH3CH2F

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In which of the following classes of organic compounds is an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom?

o Alcohols
o Amines
o Aldehydes
o All of the above

Alcohols

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Which of the following functional group classifications do not contain oxygen?

o Ether
o Thiol
o Aldehyde
o Ester

Thiol

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Which of the following statement is correct?

o H-bonding decreases solubility in water
o Branching lowers the Inter-molecular Forces of the molecule
o As the length of carbon chain increases, boiling point decreases
o As the length of carbon chain increases, hydrophobic chain decreases

Branching lowers the Inter-molecular Forces of the molecule

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Which of the following statements concerning phenols is incorrect?

o They are generally low-melting solids or oily liquids.
o They easily dissolve in water.
o Phenols can undergo halogenation
o Phenols have acid ionization constants lower than most weak inorganic ac

They are generally low-melting solids or oily liquid

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According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, a base is a (n)

o Proton donor
o Proton acceptor
o Electron donor
o Electron acceptor

Proton acceptor

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Which of the following has the highest boiling point?

o Hexanol
o Hexanoic acid
o Hexanal
o Hexane

Hexanoic acid

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Which of the following are the classes of organic compounds arranged in increasing boiling point?

o Aldehyde, carboxylic acid, alkane
o Alcohol, carboxylic acid, organic salts
o Aldehyde, ether, alkane
o Alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid

Alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid

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As the n in H(CH2)nH decreases, the
melting points _______ and the boiling points __________.

o increase, increase
o increase, decrease
o decrease, increase
o decrease, decrease

decrease, decrease

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Which of the following expression is correct in terms of basicity?

o CH3NHCH3 > CH3NH2
o CH3NH2 > CH3NHCH3
o N(CH3)3 > CH3NHCH3
o CH3NHCH3 < CH3NH2

CH3NHCH3 > CH3NH2

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Molecules of similar sizes with different functional groups will have

o Similar chemical and physical properties.
o Exactly the same chemical and physical properties.
o Different chemical and physical properties.
o Size and functional group are not related

Similar chemical and physical properties

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Alkanes are often called:

o Unsaturated hydrocarbons
o Saturated hydrocarbons
o Carbohydrates
o Saturated Fats

Saturated hydrocarbons

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Which of the following could not be the molecular formula for an alkane molecule? o C4H10 o CH4 o C5H14 o C24H50

C5H14

How many carbon atoms are present in the alkane whose IUPAC name is 2,2,4-trimethylpentane? o Five o Eight o Seven o Nine

Eight

Which of the following alkenes is paired with an incorrect IUPAC name? o CH2=CH–CH2–CH3; 1-butene o CH3–CH=CH–CH3; 2-butene o CH3–CH2–CH=CH2; 3-butene o All of the above

CH2=CH–CH2–CH3; 1-butene

Which of the following is the definition of a pair of enantiomers? o A pair of structures that aresuperimposable mirror images of one another o A pair of stereoisomers that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another o A pair of stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another o A pair of stereoisomers that have equal specific rotations

A pair of stereoisomers that have equal specific rotations

Which of the following is the definition of a pair of diastereomers? o A pair of structures that are superimposable mirror images of one another o A pair of stereoisomers that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another o A pair of stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another o A pair of stereoisomers that have equal specific rotations

A pair of stereoisomers that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another

Which of the following correctly describes a molecule that is achiral? o Non-superimposability of the molecule on its mirror image o Superimposability of the molecule on its mirror image o Contains a carbon atom with four different substituents o Does not have a plane of symmetry

Superimposability of the molecule on its mirror image

The biological importance of enantiomers arises from? o Biological reactions involve receptor molecules. o Biological receptors are chiral. o Biological receptors require a specific enantiomer for reaction. o All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following structural features is possessed by aldehydes but not ketones? o At least one hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom. o At least one hydroxyl group is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom. o The carbonyl carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms. o The carbonyl carbon atom is part of a ring structure

At least one hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom.

What two functional groups are never found at the end of a carbon chain? o Alcohol and ketone o Ether and aldehyde o Alcohol and aldehyde o Ether and Ketone

Ether and ketone

Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen bonding is correct? o Ketone molecules can hydrogen bond to each other. o Aldehyde molecules can hydrogen bond to each other. o Both ketone molecules and aldehyde molecules can hydrogen bond to each other. o Aldehyde molecules cannot hydrogen bond to other aldehyde molecules.

Aldehyde molecules cannot hydrogen bond to other aldehyde molecules

The functional group present in carboxylic acids is called a: o Carbonyl group o Carboxyl group o Carboxylate group o Carbohydroxyl group

Carboxyl group

Carboxylic acids may be prepared by oxidation of: o Ketones o Secondary alcohols o Primary alcohols o Tertiary alcohol

Secondary alcohols

The ester obtained by reacting methanol and ethanoic acid is called: o Methyl ethane o Methyl ethanoate o Ethyl methanoate o Ethane methanoate

Methyl ethanoate

Which of the following compounds is a constitutional isomer of ethyl ethanoate? o Methyl methanoate o Ethyl propanoate o Butanoic acid o More than one correct response

Butanoic acid

Hydrogenation involves which of the following? o Oxidation of alkenes o Hydration of alkenes o Reduction of alkenes o Both oxidation and reduction of alkene

Both oxidation and reduction of alkenes

Carboxylic acids are converted into esters when reacted to: o Ammonia and acid o Alcohol and acid o LiAlH4 and water o Acid and base

Alcohol and acid

Esters are produced through the reaction of: o A ketone and an ether o An alcohol and a carboxylic acid o A carboxylic acid and an aldehyde o A ketone and an alcohol

An alcohol and a carboxylic acid

S1: Atomic mass = mass of protons + mass of neutron. S2: For a neutral atom, number of proton=number of electron. o Only the first statement is correct o Only the second statement is correct o Both statements are correct o Neither

Only the first statement is correct

The particle formed when two or more atoms bond covalently: o Compound o Molecule o Zymogen o Allotrope o Isotope

Molecule

Which of the following statement/s is correct? o Elements, but not compounds, are pure substances. o Compounds, but not elements, are pure substances. o Both elements and compounds are pure substances. o Neither elements nor compounds are pure substances

Both elements and compounds are pure substances.

Which of the following statements about heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures is correct? o It is possible to have heterogeneous mixtures in which all the components are liquids. o A homogeneous mixture contains visibly different parts, or phases. o All of the phases in a heterogeneous mixture must be in the same state o No two phases in a heterogeneous mixture can be in the same state.

No two phases in a heterogeneous mixture can be in the same state

The most abundant elements in the universe and the Earth's crust are, respectively, o Oxygen & Iron o Helium & Carbon o Hydrogen & Helium o Hydrogen & Oxygen

Hydrogen & Oxygen

The “mathematical meaning” associated with the metric system prefixes milli, centi, kilo is respectively, o 10–2, 10–4, and 10–6 o 10–3, 10–6, and 10–9 o NOTA

NOTA

Which of the following pairings of chemical formulas and "molecular descriptions" is incorrect? o LiCN and "triatomic" o N2 and "homoatomic" o KCl and "heteroatomic"

KCl and "heteroatomic

The noble gasses are all non-metals and are characterized by having completely filled shells of electrons. In general this makes them very unreactive chemically since it is difficult to add or remove electrons. o Only the first statement is correct o Only the second statement is correct o Both statements are correct o Neither are correct

Both statements are correct

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A tabulation of elements classified into groups/ families with various physical and chemical properties o Periodic Table o Elemental List o Element standard o Reactivity series

Periodic Table

Refer to the file

Which is NOT a phenothiazine? o Olanzapine o Clozapine o Metoclopramide o Quetiapine o NOTA

NOTA

Used in the treatment of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis. o Ethionamide o (+) Ethambutol o (-) Ethambutol o Aminosalycylic acid o PZA

(-) Ethambutol

Used as a preservative, primarily to retard yeast growth. o Methylparaben o Ethylparaben o Propylparaben o Butylparaben o NOT

Methylparaben

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Gentamicin can be isolated from what microorganism? o Streptomyces tenebrarius o Streptomyces natalensis o Streptomyces licolnensis o NOTA

NOTA

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Phenoxymethypenicillin is? o Penicillin N o Penicillin V o Penicillin T o Penicillin G o Penicillin C

Penicillin V

All are anti-pseudomonal cephalosporin, EXCEPT: o Ceftriaxone o Ceftizoxime o Ceftazidime o Cefotaxime o Cefuroxime

Cefuroxime

All have hydroxyethylene scaffold central core motif, except: o Saquinavir o Tipranivir o Inidnavir o Both A and C o NOT

Tipranivir

All are 4-aminoquinoline derivatives, EXCEPT: o Primaquine o Mefloquine o Chloroquine o Hydroxychloroquine o NOTA

Primaquine

All are polycyclic antimalarial agents, EXCEPT: o Quinacrine o Pyronaridine o Doxycycline o Halfantrine o NOTA

NOTA

This is a hydrogen in an acid molecule that can be transferred to a base during an acid- base reaction. o Reaction intermediate o Percent dissociation o Ionization constant o Acidic hydrogen atom

Ionization constant

The law that expresses the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature of gases in the equation, PV=nRT, where n is equal to the number of moles of gas and R is constant which is the same for gasses that behave ideally is known as: o Gay-Lussacs Law o Boyles Law o Charle’s Law o Ideal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

Boyle's law involves which of the following? o Direct proportion o A constant volume o A constant temperature o AOTA o NOTA

A constant temperature

The factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions include the following, EXCEPT.  Concentration of reactants  Nature of reactants  Temperature  Nature of reaction  Surface area

Surface area

This states that when a system experiences a disturbance (such as concentration, temperature, or pressure changes), it will respond to restore a new equilibrium state  Le Chatelier’s Principle  Law of constant proportion  Aufbau principle  Henderson-Hasselback Law

Le Chatelier’s Principle

The following statements are true about the properties of Group IA EXCEPT:  One valence electron  Their hydroxides give alkaline solutions.  In the crystalline state only lithium regularly form hydrates.  Alkali metal salts of common inorganic and

Their hydroxides give alkaline solutions

Which property is shared by both alkali metals and alkaline earth metals?  Two electrons in the valence shell  Low electronegativity  Readily form divalent cations  Less dense than other metals  Low electron affinity

Low electronegativity

Alkaline Earth metals exhibit the following property, EXCEPT:  Two electrons in the valence shell  Low electronegativity  Readily form divalent cations  Less dense than other metals  Low electron affinity

Low electronegativity

This is the most active of metallic elements:  Alkali metals  Oxidizing agents  Base metals  Buffer system

Alkali metals

The halogens exhibit different physical properties from each other but do share chemical properties, which include:  Average electronegativity  Metallic  Most reactive  Six valence electrons  All of them

All of them

Group of Precipitant of the silver group  Acetic acid  Hydrochloric acid  Sulphuric acid  Benzoic Acid

Hydrochloric acid

The following are members of the soluble group EXCEPT:  Sodium  Aluminum  Ammonia  Potassium  NOTA

Aluminum

Salts of these alkaline metals are used as sedative depressant in psychiatry:  Lithium  Iridium  Potassium  Sodium

Lithium

Group 8 of the periodic table:  Consists of 8 electrons in its outermost level  Consists of 10 electrons in its outermost energy level  Has four electrons in its p subshell  All are correct  All are incorrect

All are correct

Group 2 in the periodic table includes the following, EXCEPT: Be  Ba  Sr  Mg  Cu

Group 4 elements include/s:  Zn  Zr  Pb  S  AOTA

Another name for Group6A:  Chalcogens  Cation Group  Halogens  Clarogens  NOTA

Chalcogens

Which of the following is a triprotic acid?  Sulfuric acid  Nitric acid  Phosphoric acid  Carbonic acid  AOTA

AOTA

Which of the following does not describe an acidic solution?  The pH is less than 7.0  The [OH–] is greater than 1.0 X 10–7  The [H3O+] is greater than the [OH–]  The [OH–] is 6.0 10–10

The [H3O+] is greater than the [OH–]

The pH of a buffered solution  Always equals 7.0  May be acidic or basic depending on the buffer present  Changes drastically when a small amount of acid is added  No correct response  All are correct

All are correct

Which of the following is a strong base?  Caustic soda  Muriatic acid  Potash  AOTA  NOTA

Potash

Which of the following is the universal dehydrating agent?  Hydrochloric acid  Nitric acid  Hydrobromic acid  Sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid

The radiopharmaceutical which is used as diagnostic aid to determine blood plasma volume and cardiac output:  Chlormerodrin Hg197  Sodium chromate 51  I131 Serum Albumin (Human)  Gold 198

I131 Serum Albumin (Human)

This is used for kidney imaging or determining renal function:  Technetium 99m phytate  Technetium 99HIDA  Technetium Heptagluconate  Technetium 99 Etidronate

Technetium Heptagluconate

Refer to the File

Module 1 Flashcards

Sample Questions