MODULE 2 Flashcards by Gabrielle Sodusta

The principal ingredients and their derivatives are
derived from biological drugs, either synthetically
or semi-synthetically manufactured.
a. Crude Drugs
b. Drug constituents
c. Natural Products
d. Biologics

Drug constituents

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A procedure for extraction in which the sample is
immersed in solvent for extended amount of time.
a. Infusion
b. Decoction
c. Digestion
d. Maceration

Maceration

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The identity of the constituents vary according to
the stage of development of the plant.
a. Heredity
b. Ontogeny
c. Environmental Factors
d. AOTA

Ontogeny

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The symbiotic connection that exists between
plants and animal
a. Morphology
b. Тахonomy
c. Phylogeny
d. Pharmacology

Phylogeny

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A technique for assessing medications necessary
for researching adulterants in powdered
pharmaceuticals and for identifying powdered
drug.
a. Organoleptic
b. Microscopic
c. Pharmacologic
d. Chemical

Microscopic

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It is formed when skimmed milk is treated with
rennin.
a. Cheese
b. Whey
c. Kumyss
d. Coagulum

Coagulum

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Lactulose is metabolized into these acids, which
produce irritating and laxative effects.
a. Acetic & lactic acid
b. Citric & acetic acid
c. Lactic & citric acid
d. NOTA

Acetic & lactic acid

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It is the action of nitric and sulfuric acids on
cotton.
a. Methylcellulose
b. Pyroxylin
c. Insoluble Guncotton
d. B and C

Pyroxylin

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The scientific name of ponkan.
a. Citrus sinensis
b. Citrus nobilis
c. Citrus grandis
d. Citrus limon

Citrus sinensis

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The following is/are true about tartaric acid,
except?
a. By-product of the wine industry
b. Treatment of metabolic acidosis
c. Dicarboxylic acid
d. NOTA

Treatment of metabolic acidosis

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Hydrolyze to form acrinyl isothiocyanate.
a. Sinigrin
b. Sinalpin
c. Sinalbin
d. Gluconapin

Sinalbin

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Type of saponin glycosides that possess
triterpenoid structures.
a. Acid saponins
b. Basic saponins
c. Neutral saponins
d. Cationic saponins

Acid saponins

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They are antagonistic to potassium and if a
person is low in potassium, they will be more
likely intoxicated.
a. Saponin glycosides
b. Cardiac glycosides
c. Anthraquinone glycosides
d. Cyanogenic glycosides

Cardiac glycosides

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Myrosin hydrolyzes sinalbin to form ally
isothiocyanate. Emulsin hydrolyzes sinigrin to
form acrinyl isothiocyanate.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct

Neither of the statements are correct

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Cardiac glycosides occur as glycosides with
sugars attached at the C17 of the steroid nucleus
and a lactone ring at C3. It increases the force of
systolic contraction and decreases the heart rate
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct

Statement two is correct

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It is a membrane prepared from the intestine of
the ox that behaves similarly to an untanned hide.
a. Phenazone
b. Gelatin
c. Goldbeater’s skin
d. Tannic acid

Goldbeater’s skin

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These are red colored compounds that results
from the treatment of condensed tannins with
hydrolytic agents.
a. Pseudotannins
b. Anthocyanidins
c. Catechol Tannins
d. Phlobaphenes

Phlobaphenes

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The following is/are true about pyrogallol tannins,
except?
a. consist of gallic acid esterified with
glucose
b. readily hydrolyze to yield phenolic acids &
sugar /
c. gives blue-black color with FeCI3 reagent
d. NOTA

NOTA

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The following is/are true about condensed
tannins, except?
a. contain only phenolic nuclei
b. convert animal hides to bloom leather
c. gives blue-green color with FeCI3 reagent
d. NOTA

convert animal hides to bloom leather

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The following is/are properties of tannins, except?
a. precipitate solutions of gelatin & alkaloids
b. form colloidal solution with water
c. crystallizable
d. NOTA

crystallizable

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Rancidity of lipids of lipid-rich foodstuff is because
of?
a. Reduction of fatty acids
b. Hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids
c. Dehydrogenation of saturated fatty acids
d. Oxidation of fatty acids

Oxidation of fatty acids

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This is an example of waxes which is a desirable
ingredient in cold creams?
a. Copernicia prunifera
b. Apis mellifera
c. Simmondsia chinensis
d. Physeter macrocephalus

Physeter macrocephalus

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Most fats are liquid at room temperature except cocoa butter. Most fixed oils are solid at room temperature except cod liver oil.

a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct

Neither of the statements are correct

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Prostaglandin E2 is used as palliative therapy to
temporarily maintain neonates with patent ductus
arteriosus and congenital heart defects.
Alprostadil stimulates intestinal and uterine
smooth muscle.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct

Statement two is correct

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The following is/are properties of fats and oils, except? a. Do not leave a permanent spot b. Heavier than water c. Insoluble in benzene d. All of the given choices

All of the given choices

The following is/are properties of volatile oils, except? a. Can be distilled from their natural source b. Can be saponified by alkalies c. Do not leave permanent grease on paper d. None of the given choices

Can be saponified by alkalies

Phenylpropanoids contain the C6 phenyl ring with attached C3 propane side chain. Many of the phenylpropanoids found in volatile oils are hydrocarbons and ether. a. Statement one is correct b. Statement two is correct c. Either of the statements are correct d. Neither of the statements are correct

Statement one is correct

What is the functional group present in this volatile? a. Alcohol b. Aldehyde c. Phenol d. Hydrocarbon

Aldehyde

What is the functional group present in this volatile? a. Aldehyde b. Ketone c. Alcohol d. Phenol

Phenol

What is the functional group present in this volatile? a. Ketone b. Ester c. Hydrocarbon d. Ether

Hydrocarbon

It is used to distinguish the bitterness of some quinine containing preparations a. Eriodictyon californicum b. Exogonium purga c. Pistacia lentiscus d. Zingiber officinale

Eriodictyon californicum

Positive result for abietic acid. a. Green color b. Greenish blue c. Pink color d. Purple color

Green color

Collection of fossil resins a. Copal resin b. Guaiac resin c. Jalap resin d. Mastic

Copal resin

Resinotannols do not give tannin reaction with Fe salts. Resin phenols combine with simple aromatic acids will form esters. a. Statement one is correct b. Statement two is correct c. Either of the statements are correct d. Neither of the statements are correct

Neither of the statements are correct

Asafetida is a homogenous mixture of gum and oleoresin. Turpentine is a resin in glycosidal combinations. a. Statement one is correct b. Statement two is correct

Statement one is correct

Which of these enzymes is in your saliva and helps to break down carbohydrates into sugars? a. Sucrase b. Galactose c. Fructose d. Amylase

Amylase

To which class of biological compounds do enzymes belong? a. Carbohydrates b. Lipids c. Proteins d. Nucleic acids

Proteins

This Vitamin D deficiency is characterized by softening of the bones. a. Osteoarthritis b. Osteoporosis c. Osteomalacia d. Osteopenia

Osteomalacia

This Vitamin A deficiency is characterized by drying of the eyes. a. Bitot’s spots b. Xerosis c. Xerophthalmia d. Nyctalopia

Xerophthalmia

One of the main roles of his vitamin is to facilitate Calcium and Phosphorus absorption. a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin D c. Vitamin E d. Vitamin K

Vitamin D

What is this type of alkaloid. a. True alkaloids b. Proto alkaloids c. Pseudo alkaloids d. False alkaloids

Proto alkaloids

What is the classification of this structure? a. Tropane b. Indole c. Alkaloidal Amines d. Quinoline

Quinoline

It is a centrally acting analgesic that is most important opium alkaloid

Alkaloidal Precipitants I. Marme’s Reagent - Potassium - Cadmium-Iodide II. Dragendorff’s Reagent - Potassium - Bismuth - Iodide III. Mayer’s Reagent - Mercuric - Potassium - Iodide IV. Wagner’s Reagent - Potassium Iodide a. One statement is correct b. Two statements are correct c. Three statements are correct d. All statements are correct

Three statements are correct

Pharmacologic action of Alkaloids I. Central stimulants - Strychnine II. Mydriatics - Pilocarpine III. Miotics - Atropine IV. Hypotensive - Ephedrine a. One statement is correct b. Two statements are correct c. Three statements are correct d. All statements are correct

One statement is correct

Odd one out a. Bawang - Allium sativum b. Akapulko - Fabaceae c. Bayabas - Astringent d. Yerba Buena - Alibhon

Yerba Buena - Alibhon

What is the family of this plant? a. Cucurbitaceae b. Liliaceae c. Combretaceae d. boraginaceae

Combretaceae

What is the therapeutic use of Quisqualis indica? a. Antifungal b. Anthelmintic c. Diuretic d. anti-inflammatory

Anthelmintic

What is the family of Vitex negundo? a. Lamiaceae b. Asteraceae c. Liliaceae d. Myrtaceae

Lamiaceae

Odd one out a. Cassia alata - Fabaceae b. Peperomia pellucida - Piperaceae c. Blumea balsamifera - Asteraceae d. Mentha arvensis - Liliaceae

Mentha arvensis - Liliaceae

Type of lipid that can stabilize & disperse water-insoluble materials in aqueous solution a. Messenger Lipids b. Emulsification Lipids c. Energy storage Lipids d. Membrane Lipids

Emulsification Lipids

Component of the lipid bilayer that can restrict the movement of the fatty acid chains due to its compact shape: a. Unsaturated fatty acids b. Proteins c. Cholesterol d. All of the given choices

Cholesterol

A molecules that can cross the cell membrane without the use of energy but with the help of membrane proteins a. Ethanol b. Chloride ion c. Urea d. Potassium ion

Chloride ion

Living animals are able to keep fats in a semi-solid form due to its "warmer" body temperature. Fats have high melting points as it is mostly composed of saturated fatty acids. a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Both statements are correct

Sphingoglycolipids and Sphingophospholipids are present in the myelin sheath. High density lipoprotein carries cholesterol from the liver to the tissues. a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect b. Statement 1 is incorrect.Statement 2 is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect

Is a globular protein usually involved in the transport of oxygen in the blood a. Hemoglobin b. Myoglobin c. Transferrin d. Myosin e. Fibrin

Hemoglobin

An achiral amino acid considered as the simplest amino acid a. Gin b. Gly c. Glu d. Lys

Gly

In infants, a bleeding mucous membrane is a symptom exhibited by: a. Osteogenesis imperfecta b. Ehler's Danlos Syndrome c. Marasmus d. Kwashiorkor e. Barlow's Disease

Barlow's Disease

Lipids are homogenous organic compounds that are soluble in non-polar solvents. In general, lipids are mostly made up of hydrocarbons a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct

The following are saturated fatty acids, except: a. Stearic Acid b. Lauric Acid c. Arachidic Acid d. None of the given choices

None of the given choices

Known as the most abundant type of lipid in the body: a. Triacylglycerols b. Cholesterol c. Phospholipids d. Cerebrosides

Triacylglycerols

The most a bundant membrane lipid: a. Glycerophospholipid b. Phospholipid c. Sphingophospholipid d. Sphingoglycolipid e. Cholesterol

Phospholipid

What is the type of designation for this FA? a. Monounsaturated b. Polyunsaturated c. Saturated

Polyunsaturated

On the basis of carbon chain length & degree of unsaturation, what is the numerical shorthand designation for this FA? a. 22:6 b. 18:6 c. 16:6 d. 20:6

22:6

To which omega family does this fatty acid belong to? a. Omega 3 b. Omega 6 c. Omega 7 d. Omega 9

Omega 3

Amino acid that contains a side chain that bears a positive charge a. K b. Q: Glutamine c. D: Aspartic acid d. W

A stabilizing reaction found in the tertiary structure commonly seen in compounds that contain phenyl rings. a. Hydrogen Bonds b. Electrostatic interactions c. Hydrophobic interactions d. Covalent disulfide bonds

Hydrophobic interactions

Provide protective coating for organs a. Collagen b. Transferrin c. Silk fibroin d. Insulin e. Keratin

Keratin

Also known as Beta-Keratin a. Collagen b. Transferrin c. Silk fibroin d. Insulin e. Keratin

Silk fibroin

Involved in iron transport in blood a. Collagen b. Transferrin c. Silk fibroin d. Insulin e. Keratin

Transferrin

Most abundant protein in the human body a. Collagen b. Transferrin c. Silk fibroin d. Insulin e. Keratin

Collagen

Regulatory hormone for controlling glucose metabolism a. Collagen b. Transferrin c. Silk fibroin d. Insulin e. Keratin

Insulin

Enzyme inhibitor that copies the characteristics of the substrate and occupies the enzyme's active site: a. Noncompetitive Inhibitor b. Competitive inhibitor c. Irreversible Inhibitor d. Both B & C

Competitive inhibitor

Turnover number is the number of substrate molecules transformed per minute by one molecule of enzyme. An increase in enzyme concentration also increases the reaction rate. a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Both statements are correct

Vitamin A participates in the reproduction and growth of both men & women. Vitamin A combines with rhodopsin to form the visual pigment opsin which converts light energy into nerve impulses. a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect

An irreversible inhibitor attaches to the enzyme's allosteric site which distorts the shape of the active site. Competitive inhibitors directly blocks the enzymes active site and imitates all the characteristics of the incoming substrate. a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct

Enzyme used as a diagnostic tool for detecting possible muscle damage: a. Asparate Transaminase b. Alkaline Phosphatase c. Lactate Dehydrogenase d. Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase

Asparate Transaminase

Which statement best describes what happens to enzyme activity when there is an increase in substrate concentration? a. Reaction rate increases due to the increase of substrates b. Reaction rate increases as incoming substrates must wait for an enzyme active site c. Reaction rate is not affected by the increase of substrate concentration d. Reaction rate decreases as all enzymes are fully occupied

Reaction rate decreases as all enzymes are fully occupied

Which of the following can stimulate glycogenolysis? a. Glucagon & Epinephrine b. Glucagon & Norepinephrine c. Insulin & Epinephrine d. Insulin & Norepinephrine

Glucagon & Epinephrine

The following are chiral sugars, except: a. Glucose b. Dihydroxyacetone c. D-glyceraldehyde d. D. Cellobiose e. Ribose

Dihydroxyacetone

Which of the following is found or present in brussel sprouts? a. Glucose b. Maltose c. Raffinose d. Ribose e. Lactose

Raffinose

Primary source of Energy: a. Glucose b. Maltose c. Raffinose d. Ribose e. Lactose

Glucose

Glucose + Fructose a. Sucrose b. Maltose c. Lactose d. Cellobiose

Sucrose

Utilized as a chemical marker that aids in distinguishing the different types of blood a. D-fructose b. Stachyose c. D-galactose d. Maltose

D-galactose

Reaction that usually takes place when blood glucose levels are sufficiently high: a. Glycogenolysis b. Gluconeogenesis c. Glycogenesis d. Both A & B

Glycogenesis

Considered as the most abundant naturally occurring polysaccharide a. Chitin b. Cellulose c. Sucrose d. Starch

Cellulose

PKU is a genetic disease that is due to the accumulation of what amino acid? a. Cysteine b. Tyrosine c. Valine d. Phenylalanine e. Glutamate

Phenylalanine

An hereditary disorder of the connective tissues wherein the affected person has abnormally long and thin digits: a. Marfan Syndrome b. Cystic Fibrosis c. Trisomy 21 d. XYY Syndrome

Marfan Syndrome

Most abundant class of bioorganic molecules: a. Lipids b. Carbohydrates c. Nucleic Acids d. Proteins

Carbohydrates

The following are stop codons, except: a. AUG b. UAA c. UGA d. UAG

AUG

Enzyme that joins the lagging strand together a. DNA polymerase b. DNA helicase c. DNA ligase d. Topoisomerase

DNA ligase

Pantothenic Acid is also known as ______ a. B1 b. B2 c. B3 d. B6 e. B5

Where does lipid digestion begin? a. Stomach b. Small intestine c. Mouth d. Intestinal lining

Stomach

Glucose is converted to a non-carbohydrate material A. Glycolysis B. Glycogenesis C. Gluconeogenesis D. Glycogenolysis

Glycolysis

Glucose to Glycogen A. Glycolysis B. Glycogenesis C. Gluconeogenesis D. Glycogenolysis

Glycogenesis

Glycogen is turned back to Glucose A. Glycolysis B. Glycogenesis C. Gluconeogenesis D. Glycogenolysis

Glycogenolysis

Noncarbohydarte material is converted back to glucose A. Glycolysis B. Glycogenesis C. Gluconeogenesis D. Glycogenolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Most TAGs are converted to Monoacylglycerols in the _______ a. Intestinal Cells b. Stomach c. Small Intestine d. Lymphatic system e. Bloodstream

Small Intestine

Lactate is produced in the muscle from a glucose molecule a. Glycogenesis b. Cori cycle c. Krebs cycle d. Glyconeogenesis

Cori cycle

Known as the most common structural form of DNA a. A-form b. Z-form c. B-form d. Both A & B e. Both B & C

B-form