MT CH 8 The Eye Disorders Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
Deterioration of the macula associated with aging; macular degeneration impairs central vision.
AMD is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults.
Define astigmatism.
An error of refraction caused by irregularity in the curvature of the cornea or lens.
Astigmatism can cause blurred vision at all distances.
What is a cataract?
Opacity of the lens of the eye.
Cataracts can lead to significant vision impairment if untreated.
What is conjunctivitis commonly known as?
Pink eye.
Conjunctivitis is characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva.
What is diabetic retinopathy?
Degenerative changes in the retina associated with diabetes mellitus.
It can lead to vision loss if not managed properly.
What is glaucoma?
An eye disease caused by increased intraocular pressure that damages the optic disk and causes vision loss.
Glaucoma often results from faulty fluid drainage from the anterior eye.
Define hyperopia.
A refractive error in which light rays focus behind the retina; farsightedness.
Hyperopia can make it difficult to see objects clearly up close.
What is myopia?
A refractive error in which light rays focus in front of the retina; nearsightedness.
Myopia allows for clear vision of nearby objects but not distant ones.
What is ophthalmia neonatorum?
Severe conjunctivitis usually caused by infection with gonococcus during birth.
It requires prompt treatment to prevent serious complications.
What is phacoemulsification?
Removal of a cataract by ultrasonic destruction and extraction of the lens.
This is a common surgical procedure for cataract treatment.
Define presbyopia.
Changes in the eye that occur with age; the lens loses elasticity and the ability to accommodate for near vision.
Presbyopia typically affects people over the age of 40.
What is retinal detachment?
Separation of the retina from its underlying layer.
This condition can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly.
Define trachoma.
An infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis leading to inflammation and scarring of the cornea and conjunctiva.
Trachoma is a common cause of blindness in underdeveloped countries.
What is the angle at either end of the slit between the eyelids called?
canthus
Pronunciation: KAN-thus
What is the measurement unit for the refractive power of a lens?
diopter
Pronunciation: DI-op-ter
What term describes the normal condition of the eye in refraction, where parallel light rays focus exactly?
emmetropia
Pronunciation: em-eh-TRO-pe-ah
What is the term for the bottom or base region farthest from the opening of a structure in the eye?
fundus
Pronunciation: FUN-dus
What is the posterior portion of the interior eyeball as seen with an ophthalmoscope called?
fundus
This term can refer to the back part of the eye.
What is the sebaceous gland located in the eyelid called?
meibomian gland
Pronunciation: mi-BO-me-an
What is the framework of dense connective tissue that gives shape to the eyelid?
tarsus
Pronunciation: TAR-suS
What is the system of fibers that holds the lens in place, also known as suspensory ligaments?
zonule
Pronunciation: ZONE-ule
