MT CH 9 endocrine glands, and their hormones Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the function of growth hormone (GH)?
Promotes growth of all body tissues
Also known as somatotropin.
What does thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulate?
Stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones
What is the role of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Stimulates adrenal cortex to produce cortical hormones; aids in protecting body in stress situations
What does follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do?
Stimulates growth and hormonal activity of ovarian follicles; stimulates growth of testes; promotes sperm cell development
What is the effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) in females?
Causes development of corpus luteum at the site of ruptured ovarian follicle
What does prolactin (PRL) stimulate?
Stimulates milk secretion by mammary glands
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Promotes water reabsorption in kidney tubules; causes blood vessels to constrict
What does oxytocin cause in the body?
Causes uterine contraction; causes milk ejection from mammary glands
What is the role of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)?
Increase metabolic rate and heat production; required for normal growth
What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulate?
Regulates calcium exchange between blood and bones; increases blood calcium level
What is cortisol’s function?
Aids in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; active during stress
What does aldosterone do?
Aids in regulating electrolytes and water balance
True or False: Epinephrine increases respiration and blood pressure.
True
What is the function of insulin?
Aids glucose transport into cells; required for cellular metabolism of nutrients, especially glucose; decreases blood glucose levels
What does glucagon stimulate?
Stimulates liver to release glucose, thereby increasing blood glucose levels
What is the effect of melatonin?
Regulates mood, sexual development, and daily cycles in response to environmental light
What does testosterone stimulate?
Stimulates growth and development of sexual organs plus development of secondary sexual characteristics
What is the role of estrogen?
Stimulates growth of primary sexual organs and development of secondary sexual characteristics
What does progesterone prepare?
Prepares uterine lining for implantation of fertilized ovum; aids in maintaining pregnancy
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for stimulating the adrenal cortex.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Fill in the blank: The hormone that stimulates milk secretion is _______.
prolactin (PRL)
