MT CH 8 The Eye Symptoms And Conditions Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is amblyopia?
A condition that occurs when visual acuity is not the same in the two eyes in children
Amblyopia is often referred to as ‘lazy eye’ and can lead to blindness if not corrected.
Define anisocoria.
Condition in which the two pupils are not of equal size
The root ‘cor/o’ refers to the pupil.
What is blepharoptosis?
Drooping of the eyelid
Blepharoptosis can be a sign of underlying conditions.
What is a chalazion?
A small mass on the eyelid resulting from inflammation and blockage of a meibomian gland
Chalazia can cause discomfort but are usually not serious.
What are drusen?
Small growths that appear as tiny yellowish spots beneath the retina of the eye
Drusen are commonly associated with aging but can also occur in certain abnormal conditions.
What is a floater?
A small moving object in the field of vision that originates in the vitreous body
Floaters appear as spots or threads and are caused by benign degenerative or embryonic deposits.
Define hordeolum.
Inflammation of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; commonly known as a sty
Hordeola can be painful and may require treatment.
What is keratoconus?
Conical protrusion of the corneal center
Keratoconus can lead to visual distortion and may require corrective lenses or surgery.
Define miosis.
Abnormal contraction of the pupils
The term ‘miosis’ comes from the Greek word meaning ‘diminution’.
What is mydriasis?
Pronounced or abnormal dilation of the pupil
Mydriasis can occur due to various factors including medications and neurological conditions.
What is nyctalopia?
Night blindness; inability to see well in dim light or at night
Nyctalopia is often due to a lack of vitamin A, which is essential for creating the pigment needed for vision in low light.
What is nystagmus?
Rapid, involuntary, rhythmic movements of the eyeball
Nystagmus may occur in neurological diseases and disorders of the inner ear’s vestibular apparatus.
Define papilledema.
Swelling of the optic disk (papilla); often referred to as a choked disk
Papilledema can indicate increased intracranial pressure.
What is a phlyctenule?
A small blister or nodule on the cornea or conjunctiva
Phlyctenules can be associated with various ocular conditions.
What is the term for a condition in which a cataractous lens has been removed and replaced with a plastic lens?
pseudophakia
Pseudophakia refers specifically to the state of having an artificial lens implanted after cataract surgery.
What is the definition of retinitis?
Inflammation of the retina; causes include systemic disease, infection, hemorrhage, exposure to _______
Retinitis can be caused by various factors, including infections like toxoplasmosis or systemic diseases such as lupus.
What hereditary chronic degenerative disease of the retina begins in early childhood?
retinitis pigmentosa
This condition leads to progressive vision loss and is characterized by night blindness and peripheral vision loss.
What is retinoblastoma?
A malignant glioma of the retina; usually appears in early childhood and is sometimes hereditary; fatal if untreated, but current cure rates are high
Retinoblastoma can be identified by the presence of a white reflection in the eye, known as leukocoria.
What is a scotoma?
An area of diminished vision within the visual field
Scotomas can be caused by various conditions affecting the retina or optic nerve.
Define strabismus.
A deviation of the eye in which the visual lines of each eye are not directed to the same object at the same time
Strabismus is also referred to as heterotropia or squint and can be classified into various types based on the direction of the eye turn.
What does the term synechia refer to?
Adhesion of parts, especially adhesion of the iris to the lens and cornea
Synechia can lead to complications in eye health, including glaucoma.
What is xanthoma?
A soft, slightly raised, yellowish patch or nodule usually on the eyelids; occurs in the elderly, also called xanthelasma
Xanthomas are often associated with lipid disorders and can indicate underlying health issues.
