Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Human Form & Function > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

(211 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

developmental story: (5)

A
  • Ovulation
  • Fertilization (Zygote)
  • Clevage (Morula)
  • Blastulation (Blastocyst)
  • Implantation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

order: cleavage, ovulation, implantation, fertilization, blastulation

A
  • Ovulation
  • Fertilization (Zygote)
  • Clevage (Morula)
  • Blastulation (Blastocyst)
  • Implantation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clevage:
Blastulation:

A

Clevage: Morula
Blastulation: Blastocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

development story (image)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

blastocyst (study)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

label

A

Trophoblast: forms placenta

Blastocoele: cavity

embryoblast/inner cell mass: becomes the embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the inner cell mass of the blastocyst?

A

embryoblast

*becomes embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

label

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what forms the placenta?

A

trophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

label

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bilaminar disc contains the (2)

A

epiblast and hypoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

label

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

gastrulation: epiblasts –> ___ germ layers

A

three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

gastrulation is when the layer of _____ creates ____ ____

A

Gastrulation:
Epiblasts create germ layers

*ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

germ layers

A

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

label

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_____ is an enlarged group of cells that plays a key role in neurulation, the process that forms the neural tube and central nervous system

A

primitive node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Gastrulation: primitive ___
Neurulation: primitive ___

A

Gastrulation: primitive streak
Neurulation: primitive node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

neurulation contains the… (6)

A
  • Notocord
  • Neural plate
  • Neural groove
  • Neural folds
  • Neural tube
  • Neural crest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how many pharyngeal arches?

A

5 pharyngeal arches

1,2,3,4,6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

label (right side)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

each pharyngeal arch contains (3)

A

artery, cartilage, nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

label

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

label

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
label
26
label
27
Arch 1 Skeletal Structures (5)
Meckel’s Cartilage Mandible Malleus Incus Sphenomandibular ligament
28
Arch 2 Skeletal Structures (5)
Reichert’s cartilage Lesser horn of hyoid bone Styloid process Stapes Stylohyoid ligament
29
Pharyngeal Arch 1: muscles and nerve
30
Pharyngeal Arch 2: muscles and nerve
31
Pharyngeal 3rd Arch Formation Skeletal Derivative: Muscle Derivative: Nerve:
Skeletal Derivative - Lower part of the Hyoid Bone Muscle Derivative - Stylopharyngeus Nerve – CN IX Glossopharyngeal n.
32
Pharyngeal 4-6th Arch Formation Skeletal Derivative: Muscle Derivative: Nerve:
Skeletal Derivative – Cartilage of Larynx Muscle Derivative – Muscles of the Pharynx and Larynx Nerve – CN X Vagus Nerve (Motor and sensory)
33
arch migration forms the ___ ____
fascial planes
34
cervical fascia are sheets of
fibrous connective tissue (deep to skin)
35
the cervical fascia wraps....
Wrap the anatomy of the neck to form compartments *muscular, vascular, and visceral compartments
36
Infections are ____ likely to penetrate fascia, muscles, bones, arterial walls, etc…
less More likely to travel along these surfaces
37
are infections more likely to penetrate fascia/muscles/bones or travel along their surfaces?
travel along their surfaces
38
label
39
superficial fascia
40
superficial fascia migration from...
2nd paryngeal arch
41
superficial fascia: nerve-- muscles--
Nerve – CN VII Facial Nerve Muscles – muscles of facial expression group (in face) - Platysma
42
Platysma (where, what nerve, function)
Where: skin below clavicle, upper thorax to Mandible, oral muscles Nerve: Facial nerve CN VII Function: Tenses skin of the neck
43
pretracheal fascia parts
Pretracheal Fascia (3 Parts): Muscular Visceral Buccopharyngeal
44
Investing Fascia (where, nerve, muscles)
where: superficial layer of deep fascia nerve: CN XI Accessory Nerve muscles: SCM and trapezius
45
pink: investing fascia yellow: muscles (SCM, trapezius)
46
Infrahyoid muscles (4)
Omohyoid m. Sternohyoid m. Thyrohyoid m. Sternothyroid m
47
pink: muscularis fascia purple: infrahyoid muscles
48
label
49
the infrahyoid muscles do what?
depress the hyoid bone and larynx *swallowing and vocalization
50
When working with Suprahyoid m., ______can depress the mandible
Infrahyoid muscles
51
Pretracheal Fascia: Visceral Fascia – ___ ____
Pretracheal Fascia: Visceral Fascia – Thyroid Gland
52
blue: visceral fascia yellow: thyroid gland
53
green?
green: buccopharyngeal fascia
54
prevertebral fascia wraps...
wraps around dorsal muscles.
55
prevertebral fascia
56
Prevertebral fascia contains what muscles? (7)
Longus coli m. Longus Capitis m. Anterior Scalene Middle Scalene Posterior Scalene Levator Scapulae m. Deep back muscles
57
what muscles reside anterior to the spinal cord?
Longus coli m. Longus Capitis m.
58
Prevertebral fascia - Longus coli m. parts
Superior oblique part: C3-C5 transverse processes to anterior tubercle of the atlas C1 Vertical part: C5-T3 body to C2-C4 body Inferior Oblique part: T1-T3 body to C5-C6 transverse process
59
Prevertebral fascia - Longus Capitis m. part
Transverse processes of C3-C6 to occipital bone.
60
Longus coli m. and Longus Capitis m. functions
-Bilateral: Flexes head -Unilateral: Tilts and slightly rotates head to same side
61
Prevertebral fascia parts (3)
Ant scalene Middle scalene Posterior scalene
62
Anterior and Middle Scalene muscle attachments
Transverse processes (C3-C7) to 1st Rib
63
Posterior scalene muscle attachments
Transverse processes (C3-C7) to 2nd Rib
64
function of anterior, middle, and posterior scalene muscles
tilt head laterally elevate first and second rib during respiration
65
levator scapulae m. attachments
transverse process of C1-C4 to Scapula
66
posterior triangle muscles
Levator Scapulae Posterior scalene Middle scalene Ant scalene Inferior belly of Omohyoid
67
68
purple: alar space green: retropharyngeal space yellow: sympathetic trunk orange: prevertebral fascia
69
label
blue: internal jugular v. red: carotid a. yellow: vagus n. brown: carotid sheath
70
label
red: anterior triangle of the neck blue: posterior triangle of the neck separated by SCM
71
borders of posterior traingle
SCM trapezius clavicle
72
investing fascia (yellow: SCM and trapezius)
73
prevertebral fascia
74
omohyoid m
75
76
regions of the anterior triangle (4)
Submental triangle Submandibular triangle Carotid triangle Muscular triangle
77
submandibular triangle muscles (3) and other structures (4)
Muscles (Suprahyoid m.) Digastric Muscle Stylohyoid Muscle Mylohyoid Muscle Other structures Submandibular gland Submandibular lymph nodes Lingual and Facial arteries Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
78
submandibular triangle muscles (3)
Muscles (Suprahyoid m.) Digastric Muscle Stylohyoid Muscle Mylohyoid Muscle
79
submental triangle muscles and other structure
Muscles: Suprahyoid m. Mylohyoid muscle Geniohyoid muscle (deep, in oral cavity) *Submental lymph nodes
80
Submental Triangle + Submandibular Triangle muscle goups (4) and functions
4 Suprahyoid muscles group: - Geniohyoid (genial tubercles of mandible to hyoid bone, C1) - Mylohyoid (mylohyoid line of mandible to hyoid bone, V3) - Ant Belly of digastric (digastric fossa of mandible to intermediate tendon-attached to hyoid, V3) - Post Belly of digastric (mastoid process to intermediate tendon, VII) - Stylohyoid (styloid process to hyoid bone, CNVII) Function: - Accessory muscles of mastication - Elevate and move hyoid bone forward – aids in swallowing - Depress/Open the mandible
81
function of Submental Triangle + Submandibular Triangle
- Accessory muscles of mastication - Elevate and move hyoid bone forward – aids in swallowing - Depress/Open the mandible
82
carotid triangle contents (3)
carotid a. vagus n. internal jugular v. wrapped by the carotid sheath
83
what wraps the carotid triangle contents?
carotid sheath
84
carotid triangle
85
Submental Triangle + Submandibular Triangle
86
submental triangle
87
submandibular triangle
88
muscular triangle (infrahyoid m.)
89
muscular triangle contains (4)
- Omohyoid (Superior Belly) - Sternohyoid - Sternothyroid - Thyrohyoid *infrahyoid muscles
90
what are the infrahyoid muscles?
- Omohyoid (Superior Belly) - Sternohyoid - Sternothyroid - Thyrohyoid
91
what do all the infrahyoid muscles do?
depress the hyoid bone and larynx
92
infrahyoid muscles work with the suprahyoid m., they can _____
depress the mandible
93
What muscle triangle assist vocalization and swallowing?
muscular triangle - Omohyoid (Superior Belly) - Sternohyoid - Sternothyroid - Thyrohyoid
94
suboccipital region is innervated by the...
dorsal rami of C1
95
travels through...
travels through the transverse foramen
96
four muscles of suboccipital region
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Obliquus Capitis Superior Obliquus Capitis Inferior
97
98
1: rectus capitis posterior minor 2: rectus capitis posterior major 3: oblique capitis inferior 4: oblique capitis superior
99
red: brachiocephalic trunk purple: common carotid artery green: right subclavian artery
100
carotid arteries (2)
Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) -Supplies Brain External Carotid Artery (ECA) -Supplies Neck and Face
101
internal carotid artery supplies the
brain
102
external carotid artery supplies the
neck and face
103
Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) supplies the...
brain
104
External Carotid Artery (ECA) supplies the
neck and face
105
red: internal carotid artery green: carotid sinus yellow: carotid body
106
baroreceptors: function and nerve
pressure regulation CN IX
107
chemoreceptors: functions and nerve
O2/CO2, pH, temperature regulation CN IX
108
external carotid artery
109
external carotid artery branches (8)
superior thyroid artery ascending pharyngeal artery lingual artery facial artery occipital artery posterior auricular artery maxillary artery superficial temporal artery
110
superior thyroid artery supply (5)
Ant strap muscles Thyroid cartilage Larynx Thyroid gland SCM
111
ascending pharyngeal artery supply (2)
Pharyngeal muscles Inner tympanic region
112
lingual artery branches (3)
dorsal lingual artery sublingual artery deep lingual artery
113
dorsal lingual artery supplies (4)
posterior portion of the tongue tonsils soft palate epiglottis
114
sublingual artery supplies (4)
sublingual gland oral mucosa (mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth) contributes to of vasc. of gingiva mylohyoid muscle
115
deep lingual artery supplies (1)
anterior portion of tongue
116
facial artery supplies
superficial face and muscles
117
occipital artery supplies (3)
Suboccipital muscles Dorsal muscles Skin and scalp (dorsum)
118
posterior auricular artery supplies (2)
Inner/middle ear Posterolateral scalp
119
superficial temporal artery supplies
temporal and zygomatic region muscles and bone
120
superior thyroid artery
121
ascending pharyngeal artery
122
label top three
123
facial artery
124
occipital artery
125
posterior auricular artery
126
subclavian artery branches
127
subclavian artery branches (3)
1st: vertebral artery 2nd: thyrocervical trunk 3rd: costocervical trunk
128
vertebral artery
129
vertbral artery supplies the ___ and enters through the ____
brainstem foramen magnum
130
red: thyrocervical trunk purple: inferior thyroid artery brown: ascending cervical artery green: transverse cervical artery yellow: suprascapular artery
131
thyrocervical trunk branches (3)
inferior thyroid artery transverse cervical artery suprascapular artery
132
ascending cervical artery supplies
muscles of neck
133
transverse cervical artery supplies
trapezius muscle
134
suprascapular artery supplies
scapular region
135
red: thyroid gland green: isthmus pink: endocrine gland
136
role of thyroid gland (4)
metabolism development blood Ca2+ regulation (decrease bone deposition) communication with pituitary gland (via hormones)
137
what branches off the external carotid artery and supply the thyroid?
superior thyroid artery
138
what branches off the thyrocervical trunk and supply the thyroid?
inferior thyroid artery
139
what supplies (artery) the thyroid artery?
superior thyroid artery inferior thyroid artery
140
supplies the thyroid?
superior thyroid artery (off external carotid artery) inferior thyroid artery (off thyrocervical trunk)
141
what supplies the deep neck muscles?
deep cervical artery
142
what supplies the upper ribs and deep neck muscles?
costocervical trunk
143
venous drainage of the head/neck (3)
external jugular vein internal jugular vein anterior jugular vein
144
external jugular vein drains...
scalp posterior and lateral neck
145
internal jugular vein drains...
brain face some anterior neck
146
anterior jugular vein drains...
anterior neck
147
external jugular vein drains into the...
left and right subclavian vein
148
superior temporal vein and maxillary vein join to form the...
retromandibular vein
149
retromandibular vein joins the facial vein to drain into the...
internal jugular vein
150
label below chin
151
thyroid gland venous drainage into...
internal jugular vein
152
thyroid gland venous drainage (3)
Superior Thyroid Vein Middle Thyroid Vein Inferior Thyroid Vein
153
inferior thyroid vein drains into
left and right brachiocephalic veins
154
anterior jugular vein drains ____ (2) into ____
drains facial vein and anterior neck into the subclavian vein
155
superficial lymphatic drainage from (2)
scalp face
156
deep cervical lymph nodes (lymph chain) surround and run down the ___
internal jugular vein
157
deep cervical lymph nodes and internal jugular vein are surrounded by the ___
carotid sheath
158
Thoracic Duct
159
where is the thoracic duct (left)?
left jugulosubclavian junction
160
where does the right lymphatic duct terminate?
at the right jugulosubclavian junction
161
study
162
head and neck exam
palption
163
what drains the thyroid? (3)
Superior Thyroid Vein Middle Thyroid Vein Inferior Thyroid Vein
164
cancer tends to spread through_____
lymph nodes
165
where do lymph nodes tend to follow?
jugular veins
166
where does the right lymphatic duct drain?
167
where does the left lymphatic duct drain?
168
study
169
what are the fascial planes? (6)
superficial fascia deep fascia -deep investing fascia -pretracheal fascia -carotid sheath -prevertebral fascia
170
platysma muscle arises at the ____ and goes down to the fascia of the clavicle/pectoralis major muscle
corner of the mouth
171
what muscle is within the superficial fascia?
platysma
172
173
what does the deep investing fascia envelope?
SCM trapezius
174
what forms the roof of the posterior triangle?
deep investing fascia
175
What vein resides superficial to the deep investing fascia?
external jugular vein
176
pretracheal fascia
177
what is within the pretracheal fascia (5)?
thyroid trachea esophagus recurrent laryngeal nerves parathyroid glands
178
179
prevertebral fascia
180
muscles?
181
the axillary sheath envelopes the ____ and is made of the ____
envelopes the brachial plexus made of the prevertebral fascia
182
what forms the floor of the posterior triangle?
prevertebral fascia
183
alar fascia is part of the ____
prevertebral fascia
184
what are two spaces in the cervical fascia?
retropharyngeal space danger space
185
what causes the retropharyngeal space to extend?
abscesses infections *restrict swallowing and breathing
186
what fascia separates the retropharyngeal space and danger space?
alar fascia (prevertebral fascia)
187
posterior triangle borders, roof, floor
borders: SCM, trapezius, clavicle roof: deep investing fascia floor: prevertebral fascia
188
189
what are the four sub triangles within the anterior triangle of the neck?
submandibular triangle submental triangle carotid triangle muscular triangle
190
study
191
192
193
study
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
what are somatic neck muscles?
derived from somite sternohyoid sternothyroid omohyoid anterior, middle, posterior scalene m. levator scapulae
201
what are the brachial arch neck muscles?
SCM Trapezius platysma
202
all arteries of the neck :/
subclavian arteries - vertebral arteries - thyrocervical trunk common carotid arteries - internal carotid artery - carotid sinus and body external carotid artery - superior thyroid artery - lingual artery - facial artery - ascending pharyngeal artery - occipital artery - posterior auricular artery - maxillary artery - superficial temporal artery
203
what two arteries are the major blood suppliers to the brain?
internal carotid artery (anterior of brain) vertebral artery (posterior of brain)
204
the carotid sinus is a _____ (can sense changes in BP)
baroreceptor
205
what structure of the arteries of the neck is a baroreceptor?
carotid sinus (base of internal carotid artery)
206
what can trigger a sympathetic/parasympathetic response to low or high blood pressure?
the carotid sinus via a baroflex (baroreceptor)
207
the carotid body is a _____ (senses changes in blood O2/CO2)
chemorecpetor
208
what structure (in the arteries of the neck) can sense changes in blood O2/CO2?
carotid body (chemoreceptor)
209
where is the carotid body?
between the internal carotid artery and external carotid artery
210
order of branches from the external carotid artery
superior thyroid artery lingual artery facial artery ascending pharyngeal artery occipital artery posterior auricula artery maxillary artery superficial temporal artery
211

Human Form & Function (48 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions