NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASIS OF MEMORY Flashcards
(43 cards)
What did Karl Lashley do?
Explored the problem about 100 years ago of memory by making lesions in the brain of animals such as rats and monkeys
What was lashley searching for?
Evidence of the engram = the group fo neurons that serve as the physical representation of memory
Whats the law of mass action?
The severity of the memory impartment for maze performance correlated with the size of the cortical area removed and not with specific location
What did modern study of the brain basis start with?
Famous report of scoville and Milner in patient HM
Explain the background behind patient H.M?
- sustained a head injury at age 7
- experienced his first major seizure at age 10
- experienced his first generalised convulsion at 16
- experimental surgery performed in 1953 was 27 years old
Where was the tissue removed for patient H.M?
Had tissue removed from the temporal lobes - hippocampus
What kind of memory was still intact for patient H.M?
Short term memory
What was patient h.m not able to remember?
Uable to remember events that happened several years before the surgery - retrograde memory impairment
- unable to form new memories / learn new information = anterograde memory impairment
- unable to navigate a new neighbourhood
Whats it know as when you are unable to remember events that happend several years before?
Retrograde memory impairment
Whats its know as when you are unable to form new memories/ learn new information?
Anterograde memory impairment
What was spared for patient H.M?
Procedural memory - ability to learn and remember skills
Who designed the experiment for HM?
Miller
What was the experiment by Milner accessed to do.
Learning and long term rendition abilities on task requiring viso- moto coordination in HM
What was the main results for HM ?
Performance was initially poor but improved over days
What are the two types of long term memory?
Declarative memory
Non declarative memory
What kinds of memory are under declarative memory ?
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
What kind of memory is under non- declarative memory?
Procedural memory
Priming
Simple classical conditioning
Habituation sensitisation
Where is declaritve memory found in?
Medial temporal lobe, dienceophalon
Where’s procedural memory skills found in?
Basal ganglia
Where’s priming memory found in?
Neocortex
Where’s habituation sensitisation found in ?
Reflex pathways
What’s the hebbian theory ?
Hebbs theory that neurophysiological change underlying learning and memory is is three stages
- Synaptic changes
- Formation of a cell assembly
- Formation of a phase sequence
What does long term memory require for activation and strengthening?
Pre and post synaptic neuron
Who worked to uncover the neural mechanism of learning and memory
Psychiatrist Eric kandel and colleagues arvid Carlsson and Paul greengard
