Neuroscience Week 2: Topography and Functional Levels of CNS Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
Major Divisions of the nervous system
A
CNS - brain and spinal cord
PNS - cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic NS, Enteric NS
2
Q
Identify
A
3
Q
Where are the lateral ventricles in developing brain
A
Telencephalon
4
Q
Telencephalon becomes
A
Cerebral hemispheres
Cerebral cortex
Subcortical white matter
Basal ganglia
Basal forebrain nuclei
5
Q
Prosencephalon AKA
A
Forebrain
6
Q
Prosencephalon parts
A
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
7
Q
Diencephalon becomes
A
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
8
Q
Mesencephalon AKA
A
Midbrain
9
Q
Mesencephalon becomes
A
Cerebral peduncles
Midbrain tectum
Midbrain tegmentum
10
Q
Rhombencephalon parts
A
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
11
Q
Metencephalon becomes
A
Pons
Cerebellum
12
Q
Myelencephalon becomes
A
Medulla
13
Q
Identify
A
14
Q
Identify
A
15
Q
3rd ventricle arises from _________ in developing brain
A
Diencephalon
16
Q
Cerebral aqueduct arises from ___________ in developing brain
A
Mesencephalon
17
Q
Cerebral aqueduct allows CSF to flow from? to?
A
3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle
18
Q
Fourth Ventricle arises from ____________ in developing brain.
A
Rhombencephalon
19
Q
Identify
A
20
Q
CN I is associated with
A
cerebral cortex not the brain stem
21
Q
Optic nerve is associated with
A
the thalamus, not the brainstem
22
Q
Oculomotor nerve is associated with
A
Midbrain
23
Q
Abducens nerve is associated with
A
Pons and medulla
24
Q
Nerves associated with the midbrain
A
Oculomotor nerve
emerge from interpeduncular fossa
25
Only nerve that arises from the dorsal surface of the midbrain
Trochlear nerve
wrap around cerebral peduncles and travel with the oculomotor nerve up to the muscles of the eye
26
Cranial nerves associated with pons
Trigeminal nerve
emerges from the pons
27
Nerves associated with the pons and medulla
abducens nerve
facial nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
28
Identify
29
Emerge from the post olivary sulcus
CN IX, X, XI
30
Identify
31
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
32
Sympathetic division Sympathetic Ganglia
Thoracic and Lumbar sections of the spinal cord
33
Parasympathetic Division Parasympathetic ganglia
cranial nerves and sacral nerves (CN III, VII, IX, X)
Cranialsacral (bladder, etc)
34
Cranial nerves that carry parasympathetic information
Oculomotor
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
35
Know all this
36
Question 1
Hypothalamus
37
2 major structures that make up the diencephalon
Hypothalamus
Thalamus
38
Cerebral cortex part of developing brain
Telencephalon
39
Pons part of developing brain
Metencephalon
40
Basal Ganglia part of developing brain
Telencephalon
41
Cerebellum part of developing brain
Metencephalon
42
Question 2
Trochlear Nerve
the other would be oculomotor nerve
43
Question 3
All of these
44
Planes of the CNS
45
Anatomical planes of the CNS
46
Radiological orientation
47
Cerebral cortex functional aspects
* thought
* awareness
* perception
* language
* consciousness
48
Lobes of the cerebral cortex
Frontal lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
49
Identify
50
Insular cortex Function
some sensory stuff gustatory
"Taste"
51
Gustatory definition
concerned with tasting or the sense of taste.
52
Identify
53
Longitudinal fissure function
separates 2 lobes
54
Pre and postcentral gyrus
55
Precentral Gyrus is?
Motor cortex
56
Post Central Gyrus is?
Sensory Cortex
57
Motor Cortex motor orientation
Right side of brain controls left side of body
58
Homunculus meaning
little man
59
Question 4
Loss of sensation of the right side
60
Identify
61
If lesion in the left primary auditory cortex
wont have loss of hearing because the vestibulocochlear nerve is bilaterally crossed
only loss of hearing would be lesions of cochlea, nerves, or brainstem nuclei but past this everything is bilateral
62
Primary visual cortex and visual fields
left visual field, right visual cortex
Right visual field, left visual cortex
63
cortex associated with olfaction
Perirhinal cortex
64
Primary cortex for taste sensation
insular cortex
65
Brodmann's areas
66
Language areas of the brain
Broca's Area
Wernicke's Area
typically found in the left cerebral cortex
67
Broca's Area Brodmann's Area #
Area 44, 45
68
Wernicke's Area Brodmann's Area #
Area 22
69
Typically considered the dominant hemisphere for language
Left hemisphere
70
Wernicke's Aphasia
Receptive/sensory aphasia
Deficits in language comprehension
speaks in word salad and not make sense
71
Broca's Aphasia
Expressive/Motor aphasia
Deficits in production of language but comprehension intact
72
Question 5
A
73
Identify
74
Identify
75
CSF is produced by?
Choroid plexus
76
CSF Production rate
25mL/hr
500mLs per day
77
Which ventricles have choroid plexus
All of them
78
Obstruction of flow in ventricles
since CSF is produced at a constant rate, any obstruction can cause increase in pressure and result in hydrocephalus
79
Identify
Cerebral aqueduct
80
Question 6
Aqueduct because lateral and 3rd ventricles are enlarged but the others are not
81
Thalamus properties
forms wall of third ventricle
all sensory modalities synapses and relays in the thalamus except for olfactory
Non sensory modalities also relay on the way to the cortex including; (basal ganglia, cerebellum, limbic pathways, and brainstem reticular formation
Reciprocal connections
82
Identify
83
Identify ventricles
lateral and 3rd ventricles
84
What forms the anterior-inferior wall of the 3rd ventricle
Hypothalamus
85
Hypothalamus function
86
Identify
87
Caudate and putamen are often referred to as?
Striatum
88
Putamen and globus pallidus are also known as?
lenticular nuclei
89
Basal ganglia is involved in
movement processing, damage can cause movement disorders but not really paralysis
90
fibers of the internal capsule separate
thalamus from globus paladus and putamen
also
putamen and globus paladus from the caudate
91
How does CSF flow
lateral ventricles into the 3rd ventricle via foramina of monroe then from 3rd to 4th through cerebral aqueduct, 4th ventricle can go to central canal of spinal cord but in most adults is closed, however, can leave foramen Magendie and foramen of Lushka
92
Caudate
93
Identify
94
Question 7
95
Hippocampus
96
Identify
97
Summary
98
Blood supply to the brain
Anterior circulation (internal carotid)
Posterior circulation (vertebral artery)
99
Identify
100
Question 8
101
Identify
102
Blood supply to Cerebellum
3 cerebellar arteries
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
anterior inferior artery
Superior cerebellar artery
103
Identify
104
Identify
105
Summary & Objectives
