Neuroscience Week 5: Cholinergic Pharmacology I

Question 1

Mushroom poisoning

Answer 1

Question 2

Parasympathetic acetylcholine organ system effects

Answer 2

Question 3

Acetylcholine Organ system effects

• CV
• Eye
• Bronchioles
• GI
• Urinary
• Glands

Answer 3

Question 4

Question 1

2 listed

Answer 4

Question 5

Cholinergic Agonists issues

Answer 5

• problem is receptor subtype specificity
• so try to circumvent with targeted drug delivery

Question 6

Some muscarinic agonists

why are bethanechol and pilocarpine useful?

Answer 6

Bethanechol and pilocarpine

• are resistant to cholinesterases
• have less nicotinic activity
• retain activity in relevant organ systems

Question 7

Therapeutic uses of Bethanechol

3 listed

Answer 7

Question 8

Contraindications of Bethanechol

Answer 8

obstructive urinary retention - pushing harder wont help

Question 9

Therapeutic uses of Methacholine

Answer 9

• Diagnosis of asthma (not long-lived so it is good to cause an asthma attack)
• Bethanechol will induce an asthma attack but is long-lived so it would not be the best choice here

Question 10

Therapeutic use of Pilocarpine

2 listed

Answer 10

• Xerostomia (oral) - Facilitates lacrimal and salivary secretions
• Initial treatment of glaucoma (instilled into eye) (increases drainage of aqueous humor, relieves intraocular pressure)

Question 11

Glaucoma

Answer 11

• problem with increased pressure in the anterior chamber
• leading cause of blindness in African American population, 3rd
  Caucasians

Question 12

Types of Primary Glaucoma

Answer 12

• Narrow Angle (acute congestive)
• Wide Angle (chronic simple)

Question 13

Narrow Angle (acute congestive) Treatment

Answer 13

Requires drug treatment for management of acute attack

Question 14

Wide angle (Chronic simple) Glaucoma onset

Answer 14

• Gradual, insidious onset

Question 15

Wide angle (Chronic simple) Glaucoma Treatment

Answer 15

Requires chronic drug therapy

Question 16

Drainage of the eye

Answer 16

Question 17

Flow of aqueous humor

Answer 17

Question 18

Treatment of acute glaucoma

Answer 18

ciliary muscle constricts

and

circular muscle of the iris

to relieve pressure and increasing drainage of aqueous humor

Question 19

Question 1

Answer 19

C.

Question 20

Question 2

Answer 20

D. Oral Bethanechol

Question 21

Question 3

Answer 21

B. Asthma

Question 22

contraindications of muscarinic agonists

Answer 22

Question 23

the classic muscarinic receptor antagonist

Answer 23

found in belladonna and jimson weed

Question 24

Atropine action on the eye

Answer 24

Question 25

Muscarinic Antagonist organ system effects * CV * Eye * Bronchioles * GI * Urinary * Glands * CNS

Answer 25

Question 26

dose-dependent effects of Atropine: 0.5 mg - 1.0 mg

Answer 26

Question 27

dose-dependent effects of Atropine: 2.0 mg

Answer 27

Question 28

dose-dependent effects of Atropine: 5.0 mg

Answer 28

Question 29

Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists examples 5 listed

Answer 29

* Atropine * Scopolamine * Ipratropium * Pirenzipine * Oxybutinyn

Question 30

Problem with muscarinic receptor antagonists

Answer 30

Question 31

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Peptic Ulcers

Answer 31

Pirenzepine

Question 32

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 32

Atropine

Question 33

Bladder muscarinic antagonists

Answer 33

Question 34

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Mild Cystitis

Answer 34

oxybutynin

Question 35

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Bladder Spasm

Answer 35

oxybutynin

Question 36

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma

Answer 36

Ipratropium

Question 37

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Opthalmology

Answer 37

Question 38

Therapeutic uses of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists: Motion Sickness

Answer 38

Question 39

summary