Nutritional Anemia

Question 1

Enum two mechanisms of anemia

Answer 1

Low reticulocyte count

Decreased red cell survival

Question 2

Micronutrient that is deficient in microcytic anemia

Answer 2

Iron

Question 3

Condition of microcytic anemia that is secondary to globin chains

Answer 3

Thalassemia

Question 4

Condition of macrocytic anemia that is secondary to bone marrow disorders

Answer 4

Myelodysplasia

Question 5

Micronutrients that are deficient in macrocytic anemia

Answer 5

VitB12

Folate

Question 6

Anemia depicting decrease in all blood cell lines. Including RBC.

Answer 6

Normocytic

Question 7

What supplement do doctors give aside fr vitamins, when anemia cause is unk?

Answer 7

Ferrosulfate

Question 8

Transport form of iron going to peripheral tissues

Answer 8

Blood transferrin

Question 9

Stored forms of iron at body. Enumerate.

Answer 9

Ferritin

Hemosiderin

Question 10

Iron store at blood:how many grams?

Answer 10

2.5

Question 11

Circulating heme store at blood:how many grams? Give range.

Answer 11

2-2.5

Question 12

Myoglobin, heme in cytochrome, ferrosome for complexes- store at blood:how many grams?

Answer 12

~ 0.3 grams

Question 13

Lab tests done to test anemia: enumerate

Answer 13

CBC with differential
Peripheral smears
Reticulocyte count

Question 14

80% of body’s iron is fr what system?

Answer 14

Reticulocyte endothelial system

Question 15

Most readily absorbed form of iron

Answer 15

Heme iron

Question 16

Vegetarians have 50% reduced Fe absorbe due to these two substances in certain vegetables

Answer 16

Phytate and phosphate

Question 17

Vitamin that increases absorbed iron fr plants

Answer 17

Vit C

Question 18

Which is not a sign of iron deficiency?
A.spooning of nails
B.conjunctival pallor
C.cheilosis
D.lack of clotting factors

Answer 18

D

Question 19

Extremely high hemoglobin and hematocrit.usually seen in high altitude areas

Answer 19

Polycythemia vera

Question 20

Anemia that is Due to impaired DNA synthesis + lower cell div. leading to larger RBC

Answer 20

Megaloblastic anemia

Question 21

Receptor for attachment in salivary fluid; for VitB12 absorption

Answer 21

R-binder

Question 22

What splits R-B12 to form IF-B12

Answer 22

Protease

Question 23

IF factor receptor is in the __, and it is for attachment

Answer 23

Ileum

Question 24

Which cells in the stomach produce intrinsic factor?

Answer 24

Gastric parietal cells

Question 25

Which is not a consequence of Cobalamin Deficiency? A. Too much IF B. Mucosal cells problem C. Autoinmune disease vs parietal cells

Answer 25

A Too little dapat

Question 26

Test measuring B12 deficiency, detect abnormal results in patients with genetic defect

Answer 26

Schilling test

Question 27

Which has more severe GI manif? A. Folate deficiency B. Vit B12 deficiency C. Equal

Answer 27

A

Question 28

``` Which does not happen due to folate deficiency? A. Severe neuro abnormalities B. Hyposegmented neutrophils C. Increase in mean cell volume D. Decrease in hemoglobin ```

Answer 28

B Hyper dapat

Question 29

Folate draws away B12 from neurologic system for RBC Prod. T or F?

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Diagnostic test for folate deficiency

Answer 30

Detect via RBC Folate

Question 31

Number of RBC/oxygen-carrying capacity is insuff for physio needs. What is this?

Answer 31

Anemia

Question 32

how much can females lose in terms of Fe @ menstrual period? give range

Answer 32

4-37mg/menstrual | cycle

Question 33

Fe absorption takes place in the mucosa of the __

Answer 33

proximal small intestine

Question 34

3 CAUSES OF IRON DEFICIENCY - ENUM

Answer 34

1. Increased demand for iron and/or hematopoiesis 2. Increased iron losses 3. Decreased iron intake or absorption

Question 35

Treatment of Iron Deficiency: enum 3 methods

Answer 35

RBC transfusion (for blood loss) Oral Iron Therapy Parenteral Iron

Question 36

Enumerate three substances used for oral iron therapy

Answer 36

ferrous sulfate ferrous fumarate ferrous gluconate

Question 37

this parasite is involved in competition for cobalamin

Answer 37

Diphyllobothrium latum

Question 38

``` false about pernicious anemia A.most common cause of cobalamin deficiency B.caused by the absence of IF C.atrophy of mucosa D.autoimmune destruction of chief cells ```

Answer 38

D parietal dapat

Question 39

False about Stage 1 of Schilling test A.oral dose of radiolabeled cobalamin given simultaneously with an IM injection unlabeled cobalamin B.amount of radiolabeled activity is measured in feces C.normal: > 7%

Answer 39

B urine dapat

Question 40

false about Schilling test, Stage 2 A. if Stage 1 is abnormal, then test is repeated following 60 mg of oral IF B. if the level of urinary radiolabeled B12 normalizes, then this indicates microcytic anemia

Answer 40

B

Question 41

False about Schilling test, Stage 3 A. large intestine bacterial overgrowth may cause B12 malabsorption B. small intestine bacterial overgrowth may be due to abnormal result in Stage 1 that is not corrected with IF administration in Stage 2 C. broad spectrum antibiotics are given for one week to eliminate intestinal bacteria

Answer 41

A small dapat

Question 42

False about Schilling test,Stage 4 A. if pancreatic insufficiency exists, B12 malabsorption may occur B. normalization after pancreatic enzyme therapy suggests pancreatic origin C. Both are true

Answer 42

C

Question 43

``` sprue - medical condition that causes __ malabsorption A.folate B.vit B12 C.iron D.Vit A ```

Answer 43

A

Question 44

``` phenytoin, barbiturates, ethanol cause __ malabsorption A.folate B.vit B12 C.iron D.Vit A ```

Answer 44

A

Question 45

in folate deficiency, what is formed first? A.macroovalocytes B.hypersegmented neutrophils C.they are formed at the same time

Answer 45

B

Question 46

@ FOLATE DEFICIENCY: peripheral blood and bone marrow biopsy look exactly like B12 deficiency. What is usually seen?

Answer 46

PMN, large RBC