Flashcards in Ovarian Tumor Deck (20)
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Most common ovarian tumor in women under 30? (Both names)
Over 30?
Dermoid cyst (benign cystic teratoma)
Epithelial ovarian tumors
1
Stroma ovarii?
Benign cystic teratoma containing thyroid tissue, which can cause hyperthyroid
2
Most common type of ovarian malignancy?
Epithelial ovarian tumor - Neoplasm arising from the outer layer of the ovary
3
Functional ovarian cyst?
Physiologic cysts of the ovary, which occur in reproductive-aged women
4
Ultrasound features of dermoid cysts?
1. hypoechoic area
2. Hyperechoic band-like strand in hypoechoic medium
3. cystic structure with a fat fluid level
5
Dermoid cyst – typical initial symptom? Most frequent complication? Other complications?
Severe acute abdominal pain; torsion
Rupture, chemical peritonitis
6
Chemical peritonitis? Treatment?
spilling the tumor contents into the peritoneal cavity
Cystectomy or unilateral oophorectomy
7
Immature teratoma? Typical age?
Contain all three germ layers in addition to immature embryonal structures
First and second decade of life
8
Malignant teratomas contain? Tumor grade dependent on?
Tx?
Immature neural elements (quantity determines the dreamed of tumor)
Unilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy
9
Struma ovariaii – on MRI see?
Complex multiloculated mass with thick septa (which are multiple large thyroid follicles)
10
Types of epithelial ovarian tumors?
Serious
Mucinous
Endoetroid
Brenner
Clear cell
11
Types of germ cell tumors?
Dysgerminoma
Endodermal sinus tumor
Embryonal carcinoma
Polyembryoma
Choriocarcinoma
Teratoma
12
Most common type of epithelial ovarian tumor? Location?
Serous; unilateral
13
Mucinous tumors – size? Rupture may lead to? Tx? Associated symptoms? Marker?
Large; pseudomyxoma peritoneii (Mucinous material spills out into intra-abdominal cavity)
Surgical staging, chemotherapy
Malignant ascites, spread to small bowel/momentum, lymphatic extension
CA-125
14
CA-125 postmenopause?
More specific for epithelial ovarian tumors than during reproductive years
15
Adnexal mass – if reproductive age, management based on size?
<5 cm – suggests a functional cyst
Between 5-8 cm – use ultrasound to distinguish
Over 8 cm – likely tumor, should be explored
16
30 y/o Patient with 6 cm adnexal mass – distinguish between functional versus neoplasm how?
Septations, solid components, or excrescences (Growth on surface or inner lining) are consistent with neoplastic process
17
Evaluation of adnexal mass if not reproductive age?
Prepubertal – if mass greater than 2 cm, operate
menopausal – If mass greater then 4-5 cm, operate
18
Granulosa-theca cell tumors versus Sertoli-leydig cell tumors?
Both are solid tumors; produce estrogens versus androgens
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