pain

Question 1

what are the 3 types of pain

Answer 1

nociceptive
neuropathics
nociplastic

Question 2

what si nociceptive

Answer 2

pain region localised at site of injuy
can be chonric
fixed by analgesic

Question 3

what is neuropathic pain

Answer 3

pain that is not necesary at same side of injyr
e..g nerve root pain, or sutulai pain
does not respond well to anagleis

Question 4

what is nociplatic pain

Answer 4

pain where there is no inflamtion or change
due to change in central prlacity , where there is no prtovecig function

Question 5

what is an allodynia

Answer 5

some one who as a substancy decreaed pain threshold, ie is in pain when there is no stimulus

Question 6

what is hyperalgesia

Answer 6

exaturated respons to noraml stimuli

Question 7

what is main differnce between allodynia and hyperalgesi

Answer 7

hyper alges stimuls does cause pain normlly and allodynia does not

Question 8

difference bteen innocuous and noxious pain

Answer 8

noxiou nomral injury response and pain grade, innocous, pain shifted to the left thus an injury

Question 9

what is centrla sensiation

Answer 9

response of second order neruons to noxious an non noxious stimuli

Question 10

what are the 3 components of central sensitiazation

Answer 10

windup
classical
long term potentiation

Question 11

wind up

Answer 11

actiated synapes

Question 12

what molveu mediates winu up

Answer 12

subsatnce p and cgrp

Question 13

differnce betwen nociecption and pain

Answer 13

nociepcion is singla of pain, and pain is response to nociep, ie. hhow it is received

Question 14

type sof neuroceptois

Answer 14

alpha delta mechnosentive
alphadeleta mechanothermal
polynodal nurorecptors

Question 15

what is the process of central sensation classical pathway

Answer 15

involves the opening of new synapes
it has assocated plasccitiy
outlasts the intial stimulil

Question 16

what levels of stimuli is central sesnation classical operate at

Answer 16

low levels

Question 17

when does long term potentiation occur

Answer 17

for very painful and intense stimuli

Question 18

when do trpv1 ion chanle reson

Answer 18

damage from heat as well de to capsuacin, from chiilii peppers

Question 19

what are teh chemcial that can lower the threshod notcieps operate at

Answer 19

histamine, prostaglandin, serotonin, and substance p and bradykinks

Question 20

what is long term potentai assocated with

Answer 20

chronci pain

Question 21

where does adelta synapes in teh doral horn of teh spinal cord

Answer 21

laminae 1 and 5

Question 22

wehre does c synapse in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

Answer 22

lamina 2

Question 23

where is a delta mainly foudn

Answer 23

body surface, msuesl and joinst

Question 24

wher is c mainly found

Answer 24

tissues

Question 25

what are the types of neruons present in the spidnal cord

Answer 25

low threshold wide dynamic range nociceptive

Question 26

what do nocieptic neruon do

Answer 26

respon to high threshold pain

Question 27

where are nociecptive neruon found

Answer 27

lamineae 2 and 3

Question 28

what are wide dynamci range dunutes

Answer 28

they resond to a range of sensry stimuli

Question 29

where are wide dynamic range neruons found

Answer 29

laminae 5 and 6

Question 30

role of low thresh nuclie

Answer 30

respond to innocuosu stimul

Question 31

which laminae does spinothalic tract contae

Answer 31

1 and 5 (a delta fibers termiate pont

Question 32

what is the roel of lateral tract in pain

Answer 32

shows where the sensory level of pain is

Question 33

what is the role of the medial tract for pain

Answer 33

aurtomic adn affective part of pain

Question 34

what is the periaqueducat grey mater

Answer 34

it contain noradrenalie neruons , which surroudn the cerbal aqueduct of the midbrain

Question 35

role of periaqueducal aqudict

Answer 35

it can activae analgesia, espcially due to morphine , electrical stimulation

Question 36

what does the periqudace duct grey matter project do

Answer 36

lamina 2 and nucle raphe magnus

Question 37

what is the nucleous raphe magnus

Answer 37

it reasles serotin which acts as a interior internuona to prevent pain

Question 38

does serotoin increase or decrease pain

Answer 38

both depending on which pathway that it is activated at

Question 39

where does nucleous raphe maguns project to

Answer 39

lamina 2 and 5

Question 40

what does vicle pain respond to

Answer 40

distention , inflamation and ischemia

Question 41

capsacin work on what recptor

Answer 41

trpv1

Question 42

role of nerve growth factor

Answer 42

sensitises nociceptor

Question 43

role of cannaboids in pain

Answer 43

act on cb1 recpronsa and invoed in pain prevention

Question 44

what does cholcytokinin act on

Answer 44

drg and dorsal horn and tract in vicearl pain

Question 45

role of enkephalin and beta endorpahin

Answer 45

assocaed with pain, and prevnet hte opid recpro working

Question 46

nitic oxide and pain

Answer 46

it is assocad with pain in the perhal and central reioa dn also invoeld in part of brain neuoplascity