sensory systems and pain physiology

Question 1

what to pancilan corpuse respond to

Answer 1

deep pressure

Question 2

what do ruffini corpuscles respond to

Answer 2

warmth

Question 3

what do meissener copurs respond to

Answer 3

light touch

Question 4

what do merkels corpus respond to

Answer 4

touch

Question 5

funciton of free nerve endings

Answer 5

pain

Question 6

what signifies the intesity of a stimuls

Answer 6

frequency of action potential

Question 7

how to determine where a stimulous is from

Answer 7

receptive feild

Question 8

what is the trigger zone

Answer 8

area wher a transution sings turns into action poteials

Question 9

what is a recepive feild

Answer 9

area of stimuls that is applied, it is area where it connects to other protcepotrs

Question 10

what are hte types of cutanoes sensoation fibers

Answer 10

ab, Aδ an C

Question 11

what is ab

Answer 11

large myelatied

Question 12

spped of ab

Answer 12

30 -70m/s

Question 13

what does ab meausre

Answer 13

touch, pressure and vibration

Question 14

what is Aδ

Answer 14

small myelatied

Question 15

speed of Aδ

Answer 15

5 - 30m/s

Question 16

what does Aδ meause

Answer 16

fast paina nd pressure

Question 17

what is c fibers

Answer 17

small unmeya.ted

Question 18

spped of c fibers

Answer 18

0.5 - 2m/ s

Question 19

funciton of c fibers

Answer 19

warth and slow pain

Question 20

where to they enter the spinal cord

Answer 20

dorsla root ganglia

Question 21

wher ot crial nerves enter spial cord

Answer 21

cral nerve ganglia

Question 22

what are the mechano recpigve fibers

Answer 22

aa and ab

Question 23

fibes for protecption

Answer 23

aa and ab

Question 24

aa fiber

Answer 24

muscle spiner lfierb with fastes spped

Question 25

where do mechang repite fiebrs synape

Answer 25

cunetate and gracile nulcie in the medulla

Question 26

which tract do mechanorepcoi go up

Answer 26

isilatarl dorsal columbs

Question 27

where do the mechanorective fibers cross

Answer 27

over the midline in the brain stem and to the restic formation and thalamus

Question 28

what type for fibesr are thermorecpive and nociepetie

Answer 28

Aδ and c

Question 29

where do thermo and noticerep fibers sysnape

Answer 29

dorsal horn

Question 30

what is the course of the thermocrepa nd notercpic fiebrs

Answer 30

cors midline of spinal cord after synaping in it and go up later spinothalic tract to reticuar foramnat, thaalmau and cortex

Question 31

what is brown sequard synomde

Answer 31

where contralateal side loses pain and temparute and ispilati side lose, viraion, motor funciton, deep touhg and proipoception

Question 32

where doe sthe termiation occur

Answer 32

somatosensory cortex of the post cental gyrus

Question 33

what is rapidly adapting cells

Answer 33

they change quickly to ignaor stimul, stopping seeing acitno potiona

Question 34

what are slowi adamping cells

Answer 34

they don't sop seing aciton protional against a stimulus

Question 35

benifits of converges

Answer 35

reduces no. of nurions,

Question 36

downsides of convergence

Answer 36

reduces acuity

Question 37

what are speific asing pahtwyas

Answer 37

where there are sperate htings for things like touch and temparues

Question 38

non specfici ascening pathway

Answer 38

same pathway for both temperature and touch

Question 39

what is latarl inhibitoin

Answer 39

where one sensory inputs actiion cuase inhibtion of a neighbour

Question 40

what happesn to frequeyc of action potens in neihgt bof a latarl inhbing neruon

Answer 40

it drops below frequency , making it look like it si not there at all

Question 41

what are the types of pain

Answer 41

sharp, stabing difues , fast or slow, acute, chronci, viscer, refered , phantom limbpain

Question 42

how are signa transion of pain acitved in nociecptors

Answer 42

low ph or heat local cemicla meidatiors

Question 43

examples of local cehmcial meidator in nociceptors

Answer 43

bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandins

Question 44

what are exampoles of low ph and heat sencors

Answer 44

asic and trpv

Question 45

how is asic funcitons

Answer 45

it opens an ion channel and releases soiudm into a cell to relaea an action potential

Question 46

what happens with activating periaqudaclt gray matter

Answer 46

it causes the inhition of pain though sending signal to the nucleus raplh

Question 47

how does the nuclus rahe mangus inhibt pain

Answer 47

reaslses serotoion which project down to the doral horne nuclear to block pain at that level

Question 48

what type of recprot is on the pag

Answer 48

opiod

Question 49

what type of fibers are need to activate inhibitor fibers of pag

Answer 49

aa/ ab

Question 50

gate contorl thearpy

Answer 50

block pain signsal of ad/ c fibers

Question 51

what do the nuclouer raphe relse

Answer 51

endoprones/ opoids pepistes

Question 52

whre do the opoid peptities travle down

Answer 52

doral spinothla colub

Question 53

how to nsaids work

Answer 53

inhibit cyclooxygenase stoping arachoni acids turnign to proslagins

Question 54

how to prostaglins work

Answer 54

they snesity nocipetor to bradykinins

Question 55

what are bradykinins

Answer 55

a peptise that cuases inflmatoatino vasodialte edmea muscle contraction

Question 56

what typ eof pain if nsaids effective agianst

Answer 56

ones that cause infolaton

Question 57

how does lcoal anathic work

Answer 57

block na action potpan and thus all axonal tranaiotn

Question 58

how to morpones work

Answer 58

reudce senicve of nociapes, block transmait in doral horn through epidural transioant activate desncing hinhigor pathawy

Question 59

what is cox1

Answer 59

for prosuicng gastic muous help kindesy produce platel

Question 60

what is cox 2

Answer 60

infmalton, pain fever and inhibit palteles