Sleep

Question 1

what is sleep

Answer 1

state of unconcsciousness form which an induval can be aroused by normal stimuli such as light, tough, sound etc.

Question 1

what is coma

Answer 1

state of unconsciousness from which an indivual cannot be around and does not respond to stimuli

Question 2

what is the mssing sleep effect

Answer 2

impaired cognative fuciton
impairment of physical performance
sluggishness
irritability

Question 3

what does sleep support

Answer 3

nueroplasity - how easily we learn
learning and memory
cognition
clearance of waste products from the cns
conservation of whole body energy, (apart from in cns where it increase)
immune fucntion

Question 4

where does sleep active initaion process originate from

Answer 4

pons

Question 5

what part of the brain stem is associated with concious

Answer 5

reticula formation

Question 6

where does the reticular formation send information to

Answer 6

thalamus and hgierh corital sentors

Question 7

what are the name of centor that balance being awake and asleep

Answer 7

arousal and sleep centers

Question 8

what molecules are contributory to sleep

Answer 8

delta - sleep inducign peptides
adenosine
melatoin
serotin

Question 9

what part of the hypothalmus is involved in sleep

Answer 9

suprachiasmic nuclei (scn)

Question 10

where is melatoin relased from

Answer 10

pineal gland

Question 11

what does hte scn cuase to be rlaed

Answer 11

melatonin

Question 12

what type of rymum does scn control

Answer 12

24 hr cicadian rhythm

Question 13

effect of darkness on melaton

Answer 13

removes inhibiton of its relases so levels rise

Question 14

what is orexin

Answer 14

an exitory neurotranmitor needed for wakefullness

Question 15

when are orexin neruon active

Answer 15

during wake state and stop firing during sleep

Question 16

what is the effect of defective orexin singalling

Answer 16

narcoplepsy

Question 17

what is serotin link to melatoin

Answer 17

it is a precurses to melatoin , thus increas ammount of it increase ammout of melatoin

Question 18

what are ssi

Answer 18

`serotoinin selective reuptake inhirots, these treat depression by increase amount of serotion avialbel

Question 19

what is a higher frequcy assoicated iwth in brain wave

Answer 19

the higher the frequcy the more awake is a person is

Question 20

what is an exptremy high freqyc of nuroam wagv

Answer 20

seizure

Question 21

what is a very low frequcy asoicen with in brainwwv

Answer 21

anaetheisa

Question 22

what is the 4 typs of wave patterns in sleep

Answer 22

alpha, beta, theta, delta

Question 23

what is alpha assoicaed with

Answer 23

relaxed awake state,

Question 24

what is the type of wave like in alpha

Answer 24

high frequency medium ampplitude

Question 25

what is the type of awakenes in beta

Answer 25

aleet awake state,

Question 26

what type of waves is associated with beat

Answer 26

very high frequency and low amplitude

Question 27

what is theta associated with

Answer 27

early sleep, low frequency waves which can vary enormously in amplitude

Question 28

what is delta associated with

Answer 28

deep sleep,

Question 29

what type of waves seen in delta

Answer 29

low freqyc but hgih amplitude

Question 30

how does eeg chagne with eyes shut

Answer 30

when eyes close, freqyc redues but amplidue increase

Question 31

why is the amplitude in a high latern state lower than a relxte state

Answer 31

as there is ltos of things going on ni a high alter state, cerin waveleng cancer out other one, making itlook like it is lower freqeucny

Question 32

what is stage 1 of the sleep cycle

Answer 32

slow wav,non reme lseep, veyr slow eye moements, easlty arrouse, low freequeyc theta waves - with high amplitude

Question 33

what is stage 2 sleep cycle

Answer 33

no eye movements frequncy slows more htan 1 sleep spindles present, of rapid wave births

Question 34

what is stage 3 on a sleep cyle

Answer 34

high amplide , very slow delta waves with short epieso of faster waves, less spinal fiber activity

Question 35

what is stadge 4 on a slee cyle

Answer 35

only delta waves

Question 36

what stages are deep sleep

Answer 36

3 and 4

Question 37

can you go back to stage 1

Answer 37

no , only 2,3,4 and rem in sleep, as 1 is only present when falling alsep for first time

Question 38

what is rem

Answer 38

rapid eye movemen, wher there is low amplie , high frequency

Question 39

when does deep sleep normally occur

Answer 39

first horus of sleep

Question 40

what happens in hippocampus in deep sleep

Answer 40

it is very active, this is associae with creation of new memories

Question 41

how long does rem las

Answer 41

5 - 30 min every 90 minetes

Question 42

when do drems most commonly occur

Answer 42

in rem sleep

Question 43

subnificatin of rem sleep

Answer 43

new nerual connection are being made, leaing to dreams

Question 44

why does only eye moemnet occur in rem and not other mules

Answer 44

pons inhibtos other mules, ot prevent acting out in drems

Question 45

what type of pathway re in the reticualr formation for rem sleep

Answer 45

cholinergic pathways

Question 46

what is the benfit of anticholinesteras

Answer 46

increase time in rem

Question 47

what does rem sleep look llike on an eeg

Answer 47

beta waves

Question 48

what happesn to sleep hours as you get older

Answer 48

reduce, due ot other comorides

Question 49

what hapesn to the rem and n rem sleep as you age

Answer 49

gneerally reude over time

Question 50

what are the types of insomia

Answer 50

chornic (primary) and temproy (secondary)

Question 51

what is chroic inomia

Answer 51

priary insomia - no identifly able cause

Question 52

what is temporatlry insopia

Answer 52

due to pain, berevaerment or cireis

Question 53

when do night mares occur

Answer 53

rem sleep

Question 54

when do night terrors occur

Answer 54

delta sleep

Question 55

can you rmemebr night terrors

Answer 55

no

Question 56

name for sleep walking

Answer 56

somnambulism

Question 57

when does somnambulim occur

Answer 57

non rem sleep, normally stage 4

Question 58

narcopley

Answer 58

entering into rem sleep with little warning