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Flashcards in Parkinson's disease and dementia Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is the focus of parkinson’s disease treatment

A

Replacing dopamine with levo-dopa (L-dopa) or mimicking its action with dopamine agonists

2
Q

What are the chief side effects of L-dopa

A

Nausea, vomiting and anorexia induced by the stimulation of dopamine receptors in the GI tract and the chemotrigger receptor zone (CTZ) in the brain

3
Q

What type of drug is L-dopa often given with in combination

A

peripheral dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor (Levodopa with Carbidopa/ Sinemet)

4
Q

What is an important characteristic of L-dopa

A

Dopamine cannot cross the blood barrier in significant amounts, but the precursor, L-dopa can cross the blood brain barrier

5
Q

What is the relationship between dopamine and prolactin

A

they have an inverse relationship More dopamine = less prolactin

6
Q

What drug class is Bromocriptine (Parlodel)

A

Dopamine agonist

7
Q

What are the indications of Bromocriptine (Parlodel)

A

parkinson’s disease. prolactin secreting adenomas and acromegaly

8
Q

What drug class is Benztropine (Cogentin)

A

Anticholinergic

9
Q

WHat are the indications for Benztropine (Cogentin)

A

Parkinson’s disease, especially when tremor or drooling are prominent symptoms. Appears to also help with cognitive symptoms due to Parkinson’s disease. In addition, used to diminish side effects of the antipsychotic drugs

10
Q

What are the side effects of Benztropine (cogenin)

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, confusion, drowsiness, disorientation, memory impairment, visual hallucinations and possible exacerbation of pre-existing psychotic symptoms

11
Q

What drug class is Amandatine (symmetrel)

A

Anti-Parkinson’s and anti-viral agent

12
Q

What is the MOA of amandatine (symmetrel)

A

Unclear but probable NMDA receptor antagonism accounts for anti-Parkinson’s effects (N-methyl-D-aspartate)

13
Q

What is the order of efficacy of parkinson’s meds

A

L-dopa > Bromocriptine > Amantadine > anticholenergics

14
Q

How long does amantadine work

A

less than 6 months

15
Q

What is the main drug class used in alzheimer’s treatment

A

Centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

16
Q

What drug class is Memantine (Namenda)

A

antagonist of glutamatergic NMDA receptor sites