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Flashcards in Gout medications Deck (22)
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1
Q

What causes elevated uric acid

A

Making too much or not getting rid of it effectively

2
Q

What do urocusuric class medications do

A

increases urine secretion of uric acid

3
Q

What does an anti-urocusuric class of drug do

A

Withhold uric acid from the urine (aspirin, HCTZ, lasix)

4
Q

What treatment is used in an acute gouty attack

A

NSAIDs
Steroids
Colchicine

5
Q

What treatments can be used as gout attack prophylaxis

A

Colchicine
Allopurinol
Probenecid

6
Q

What drug class is Indomethacin

A

NSAID

7
Q

What are the indications of indomethacin

A

Gout, arthritis, bursitis, migraines, hemicrania, pain and swelling

8
Q

What is the MOA of cortisone injection

A

Inhibits pro-inflammatory proteins

9
Q

What are some side effects of intra-articular cortisone injections

A

pain, infection, skin pigment changes, loss of fatty tissue and tendon rupture. (Plus all the usual systemic side effects)

10
Q

What drug class is colchicine

A

Mitotic inhibitor

11
Q

What is the indication for using colchicine

A

Gout, acute and prophylaxis

12
Q

What is MOA of colchicine

A

inhibits polymerization by binding to tubulin, one of the main constituents of microtubles. Colchicine also inhibits neutrophil motility and neutrophil activity, resulting in an anti-inflammatory effect

13
Q

What are some side effects of colchicine

A

Marked GI upset, Peripheral neuropathy, hair loss, anemia, neutropenia

14
Q

What are colchicine OD symptoms

A

vomiting, diarrhea, acute renal failure and possible hypovolemic shock. put the patient on dialysis because there is no antidote

15
Q

What drug class is allopurinol (zyloprim)

A

purine analog

16
Q

What are the indications for allopurinol (zyloprim)

A

hyperuricemia, gout, prophylaxis against tumor lysis syndrome

17
Q

What is the MOA of Allopurinol

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor. (Decreases the production of uric acid)

18
Q

What drug class is Probenecid (Probalan)

A

uricosuric

19
Q

What is the MOA of probenecid (probalan)

A

interfers with the kidneys’ organic anion transporter (OAT), which reclaims uric acid from the urine and returns it to the plasma, thereby increasing excretion of uric acid in the urine

20
Q

Who is most at risk for serious side effects from probenecid (probalan)

A

Someone with a G-6-PD deficiency

21
Q

What are significant side effects of probenecid (probalan) use (2)

A
  1. Formation of uric acid renal stones (particularly in someone with renal insufficiency). patient should drink extra water to prevent stone formation.
  2. Exacerbation of gout following therapy with Probenecid may occur.
22
Q

Who always has elevated uric acid levels

A

Someone with a solid tumor, but particularly people with ALL, are at risk for acute renal failure due to increased uric acid from lysing the tumor(s).