PHILO( FREEDOM IN THE CONTEXT OF MORALITY)

Question 1

Deals with the systematic questioning and critical
examination of the underlying principles of
morality.

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

Ethic Comes from the Greek word

Answer 2

Ethos

Question 3

characters of a culture

Answer 3

Ethos

Question 4

Morality comes from the latin word

Answer 4

mores

Question 5

the customs including the customary behavior of a particular group of
people

Answer 5

mores

Question 6

Meant to answer the question “What is good?

Answer 6

Normative Ethics

Question 7

It pertains to certain norms or standards for goodness
and badness, rightness of wrongness of an act.

Answer 7

Normative Ethics

Question 8

Questions the basis of assumptions proposed in a
framework of norms and standards by normative
ethic

Answer 8

Meta-Ethics

Question 9

where its standards of
morality are based

Answer 9

moral framework

Question 10

Examines the presuppositions, meanings, and
justifications of ethical concepts, and principles.

Answer 10

Meta-Ethics

Question 11

describes how we apply normative theories to specific issues

Answer 11

Applied Ethics

Question 12

Folkways

Answer 12

by William Sumner

Question 12

Our notion of what is right stems from man’s basic
instinct to survive by who?

Answer 12

William Sumner

Question 13

formed from society

Answer 13

Sanctions, customs and habits

Question 14

threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule

Answer 14

Sanctions

Question 15

a traditional and widely accepted way of
behaving or doing something that is specific to
a particular society, place, or time.

Answer 15

Customs

Question 16

settled or regular tendency or practice,
especially on that which is hard to give up.

Answer 16

Habits

Question 17

As an existentialist

Answer 17

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 18

he claims that “man is condemned to be free.”

Answer 18

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 19

an unconstrained free moral
agent in the sense that he always has a
choice in every aspect of his life.

Answer 19

man

Question 20

“Man is condemned to be free.”

Answer 20

The statement asserts that freedom is inherent in the human condition, and therefore, man is entirely responsible for how he utilizes it.

Question 20

“Man is nothing else but that which he
makes of himself” who wrote this?

Answer 20

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 21

Humans are shaped by their present decisions, not their past or circumstances, and have the freedom to define their own life path and identity.

Answer 21

“Man is nothing else but that which he
makes of himself”

Question 22

“You are free, but this freedom is not
absolute”who wrote this?

Answer 22

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 23

You are free, but this freedom is not absolute

Answer 23

a remark implying that, while individuals have the freedom to create and act on their own decisions, this freedom is not limitless.

Question 24

He wrote the book entitled, Ethics: The Modern Conceptions of the Principles of Right

Answer 24

John Mothershead

Question 25

two conditions for morality

Answer 25

Freedom and obligation

Question 26

assumed when one is making his choices

Answer 26

Freedom

Question 26

agent that is taking full responsibility for his actions

Answer 26

Freedom

Question 27

one’s duty to himself to exercise this freedom as a rational moral being.

Answer 27

Obligation

Question 28

a deliberate human action

Answer 28

Conduct

Question 29

It is the result of reflection where the human person is endowed with the capacity to think using his rationality and to weigh the consequences of his actions

Answer 29

Conduct

Question 30

not capable of the act of deliberation or reflection.

Answer 30

animals

Question 31

What animals have is

Answer 31

Instinct

Question 32

why are some animals able to solve simple problems?

Answer 32

Animals have pre-reflective morality since they are not capable of what human can do

Question 33

is budgeting actions.

Answer 33

moral judgements

Question 34

the most important class of moral judgements because it has reference to the judger’s own future.

Answer 34

moral decision

Question 35

Not all moral judgements are

Answer 35

moral decisions

Question 36

wrote the book entitled, Moral Reasoning: Ethical Theory and Some Contemporary Moral Problems

Answer 36

Victor Grassian

Question 37

He introduced the confusion between “what one ought to do and what one would be inclined to do?

Answer 37

Victor Grassian

Question 38

Answers the question what we ought to do according to a normative ethical system

Answer 38

Intellectual choice

Question 39

Deals with how a person will act according to a given situation

Answer 39

Practical choice

Question 40

Our quest however, is not the psychological one of what an individual would as a matter of fact be inclined to do in a given situation but, rather, the normative one of what he morally ought to do. The mere fact that an individual might be inclined to act in a particular way does not show that is the way he should ac

Answer 40

Victor Grassian

Question 41

was one of the most influential philosophers in the history of philosophy.

Answer 41

Immanuel Kant

Question 42

The thing as it appears to an observer

Answer 42

Phenomena

Question 43

The thing-in-itself

Answer 43

Noumena

Question 44

The thing-in-itself

Answer 44

Das ding an sich

Question 45

claimed that man’s speculative reason can only know phenomena and can never penetrate to the noumenon.

Answer 45

Immanuel kant

Question 46

an ethic based on duty.

Answer 46

Deontological ethics

Question 47

Deontological Ethics came from the greek word

Answer 47

Dein

Question 48

– something that we are unconditionally obliged to do, with no regard to the consequences

Answer 48

categorical imperative

Question 49

Provides a priori knowledge (before experience)

Answer 49

Pure Reason

Question 49

– Provide a posteriori knowledge (after experience)

Answer 49

Pure Intuition of Space and Time

Question 50

responsible for our capacity to recognize what is good through the will

Answer 50

Practical reason

Question 50

Immanuel Kant called he practical reason as?

Answer 50

Godwill

Question 50

which he claimed as the only thing good in-itself, without qualification

Answer 50

Immanuel Kant called this the Goodwill

Question 51

Act only on that maxim, through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law

Answer 51

It means that we should only act on principles that we would want to become universal laws, applicable to everyone in all situation. Kant believed that this principle was a fundamental requirement for moral behavior and that it was a necessary condition for any action to be considered morally right

Question 51

Act only on that maxim, through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law who quote is this?

Answer 51

Immanuel Kant

Question 52

Teleology came from the root word

Answer 52

telos,meaning end, goal, or purpose

Question 53

It is mostly base on consequences.

Answer 53

Theological ethics

Question 54

s construed as the maximization of pleasure and the avoidance of pain in order to promote happiness

Answer 54

Utilitarianism

Question 55

is the summum bonum or the ultimate goal for utilitarianism

Answer 55

happiness

Question 56

had the notion that pleasure is quantifiable

Answer 56

Jeremy Bentham

Question 57

Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus

Answer 57

Intensity Duration Certainty

Question 58

was more concerned with the quality of pleasure rather than the quantity.

Answer 58

John Stuart Mill

Question 59

are usually employed for propaganda purposes.

Answer 59

Emotive term

Question 60

They are considered emotive because they are emotionally loaded

Answer 60

Emotive term

Question 61

A value statement in nothing else than a command in a misleading grammatical form.

Answer 61

Alfred Jules Ayer

Question 62

an attempt to make a universal statement using “all” based only on a few cases observed.

Answer 62

Hasty generalizations

Question 63

inference that A is the cause of the occurrence of B.

Answer 63

(Post Hoc Fallacy)

Question 64

This is a defense mechanism recognized by psychologists

Answer 64

Rationalization

Question 65

This is the process of offering justifications or reasons to cover-up or clothe an already arrived at decision meant to hide one’s true negative or destructive motive, to become an acceptable course of action.

Answer 65

Rationalization

Question 67

Quality of pleasure

Answer 67

John Stuart Mill

Question 68

Pleasure if quantitable

Answer 68

Jeremy betham