PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS Flashcards
(25 cards)
a disease caused by bacterium that are spread from person to person through the air
tuberculosis
TB is caused by ___, an acid-fast bacillus not readily decolorized by acids after staining
mycobacterium tuberculosis
The bacteria usually attack the lungs but can also attack any part of the body such as the ___
kidney, spine, and brain
about ___ of the world population has latent TB
1/3
factors affecting resistance to TB
heredity
sex
age
stress
nutrition
immunodeficiency
IV drug abuse
medical condition
intercurrent infection
diagnostic evaluation
- skin test (tuberculin test)
- sputum test
- blood test
- imaging test
tx mgmt
- adequate nutri
- antimicrobial
- supportive
- prevention of exposure to infection
- prevent reinfection
- surgery
The most common preventive therapy is a daily dose of the antibiotic ___ taken as a single daily pill for ____ months. You are not contagious if you have latent TB
isoniazid
six to nine mos
The most common medications used to treat tuberculosis include:
Isoniazid
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
Ethambutol (Myambutol)
Pyrazinamide
means that some drugs initially used to treat TB will no longer be able to fight the TB germs in your body.
drug resistant TB
TB that is resistant to more than one drug, called ___ is very dangerous.
multi drug resistant TB (MDR TB)
treatment for MDR TB takes ___ mos to complete, and you may experience more side effects
20-30
side effects of TB drugs
- gi upset
- NV
- tingling / numbness in hands or feet
- itchy skin, rashes, or bruising
- blurry vision
- yellow skin
- dark urine
- weakness, fatigue
limit TB bacteria by reducing oxygen and allowing the lungs to heal
collapse therapy
air is added to collapse the lung reducing o2 to slow tb bacteria growth
pneumothorax indiction
remove lung tissue to treat cancer or infection
pulmonary resection
remove fibrous tissue around the lung to allow expansion
lung decortication
chest tube insertion to drain fluid or air
closed tube thoracostomy
removing ribs to access lungs
rib resection
creating a permanent hole for drainage
open window thoracotomy
combines resection and lung collapse for extensive tb
pulmonary resection + collapse therapy (thoracoplasty)
yellow skin or eyes, and dark urine is an indication of
liver damage
inject small amout of PPD (purified protein derivative) to check for TB exposure
tuberculin test
to confirm active TB and identify drug resistance
sputum test
