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PH 152 > Rabies > Flashcards

Rabies Flashcards

1
Q

family of rabies virus

A

Rhabdoviridae

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2
Q

genus of rabies virus

A

Lyssavirus

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3
Q

false about rabies virus
A.75 nm to 180 nm, bullet shaped
B.May only be seen via electron microscope
C.Single-stranded, negative-sense DNA virus

A

C

RNA, not DNA

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4
Q

Enumerate main parts of the rabies virus structure

A

envelope, peplomers, ribonucleocapsid

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5
Q

false about rabies virus
A.Survives storage at 4 ̊C for weeks and -70 ̊C for years B.Activated by carbon dioxide, extremes of pH, detergent
C.Inactivated by UV radiation,sunlight, trypsin, heat, lipid solvent

A

B

inactivated dapat

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6
Q

false about rabies virus
A.Has two serotypes
B.Purified spikes with viral glycoprotein elicit neutralizing
antibody in animals
C.Antiserum prepared against the purified nucleocapsid is
used in diagnostic immunofluorescence for rabies

A

A

one serotype only

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7
Q

Strain differences can be distinguished by three factors. Enumerate the three factors.

A

Epitopes in nucleoprotein
specific nucleotide sequences
glycoprotein

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8
Q

What mutation results in loss of virulence for the rabies virus?

A

substitution at amino acid position 333

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9
Q

What mediates attachment of rabies virus to host cell?

A

glycoprotein spikes

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10
Q

host cell receptor of rabies virus (attachment)

A

nicotinic acetylcholine

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11
Q

enzyme in-charge of transcription for rabies virus

A

virion-assoc RNA polymerase

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12
Q

transcription template for rabies virus

A

ribonucleoprotein

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13
Q

product of transcription, rabies virus

A

5 mRNA species

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14
Q

enumerate the three substances involved in RNP Core Formation

A

viral transcriptase
nucleoprotein
newly rep viral RNA

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15
Q

true about outer covering formation of rabies virus
A.Envelope gained via budding through plasma membrane
B.Viral matrix protein forms a layer on the outer side of the envelope
C.Viral glycoprotein – inner layer, c/o spike formation

A

A

Baliktad ang B at C. switch the words inner and outer!

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16
Q

False about viral RNA Replication for rabies
A. complementary negative sense RNA formed from genome RNP
B. the (-)sense RNA is used to code for negative-sense progeny RNA
C. both are false
D. both are true

A

C

change negative to positive

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17
Q

incubation period for Rabies

A

2 weeks to 6 months

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18
Q 
In pathogenesis of rabies, which does not happen?
A. it goes straight to CNS
B. multiplication in skin
C. entry into peripheral
nerves at neuromuscular junctions
D. travels at axoplasm, rate is 10 mm/hr
A

B

Muscle or connective tissue dapat

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19
Q

Once rabies has entered the CNS, what occurs?

A

progressive encephalitis

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20
Q

__ is the organ with highest titers

of virus

A

Submaxillary salivary gland:

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21
Q

A brain infected with rabies is not/does not have:
A.edematous
B.perivascular cuffing
C.gliosis with maximal neuronal damage

A

C

minimal dapat

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22
Q

Specific eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions formed by rabies virus in nerve cells
o Filled with viral neurocapsids
o Absent in at least 20%(may reach until 50%) of cases

identify

A

Negri bodies

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23
Q

1 rabies infected country

A

India

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24
Q 
Which is not a usual reservoir host of rabies?
A. dogs
B. zebras
C. vampire bats
D. raccoons
A

B

25
Q

Which is not a frequent mode of transmission of rabies?
A. Contact with saliva, milk or urine of animal suffering from rabies
B. Licks on wounds
C. Scratches/bites of animals
D. Aerosol

A

D

26
Q

Which is false?
A. Rabies has no cure.
B. Rabies has no vaccine.
C. The saliva is infective 2-3 days before signs of rabies manifest in the infective animal.

A

b

27
Q

enumerate two types of rabies

A

furious rabies

paralytic rabies

28
Q

first phase of furious rabies, Tingling and numbness at the site of bite 2-3 days
before clinical symptoms appear

A

prodromal phase

29
Q

Which does not happen in a person with furious rabies?
A.Low grade fever, headache, body ache
B.Painful spasms of the muscles that control
breathing and swallowing
C. Pupils are dilated
D. Tears, blood pressure and perspiration increase

A

D

blood pressure decreases

30
Q

T or F

Furious and paralytic rabies have the same prodromal phase

A

T

31
Q

Which is false?
A.The patient may experience constipation, urinary retention, and incontinence
B.Hydrophobia is usually present
C.Seen usually in patients who have taken some anti-rabies vaccination in the past

A

B

absent dapat

32
Q

[LAB DIAGNOSIS]

where the brain is preserved when there’s a delay

A

50% glycerol saline

33
Q

False about antemortem rabies diagnosis
A.Saliva samples – virus isolation and antigen detection
B.Skin samples (sent on dry ice) – antigen detection
C.CSF sample – virus isolation and antigen detection
D.No single test is 100% positive and a negative test does not rule out the possibility of rabies

A

A

RNA detection dapat

34
Q

In postmortem rabies diagnosis, what stain is used to detect Negri bodies?

A

Seller’s stain

35
Q

most widely used method for detecting rabies post-mortem

A

fluorescent antibody test

36
Q

false about Category I exposure
A.pet owners can be advised to have a pre-exposure vaccination
B.Touching and feeding of animals
C.Licks on skin abrasions

A

C

intact skin dapat

37
Q

Which is/are not part of Category II exposure?
A.Minor risk: local treatment of wounds and
anti-rabies vaccination
B.Minor scratches or abrasions with superficial nibbling of
skin not associated with bleeding
C.Bites from bats and wild animals
D.Administration of rabies immunoglobulin & rabies vaccine

A

C and D

38
Q

not part of Category III exposure
A.local treatment of wounds,
B.administration of rabies immunoglobulin, and a complete course of anti-rabies vaccine
C.Single or multiple wounds with breach in the skin and
bleeding (transdermal bites)
D.Licks on intact skin and mucus membranes

A

D

broken dap at

39
Q

Which is false?
A.Animal bite wounds must be bandaged.
B.Animal bite wounds are not sutured unless anti-rabies serum or Ig is given.
C.Local applicants like plant juices and coffee shouldn’t be applied.

A

A

40
Q

enumerate types of rabies vaccine (kahit wag na yung brand)

A
  • Human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) - Imovax
  • Purified chick embryo cell vaccine (PCEC) - Rabipur
  • Purified vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) – Verorab
  • Purified duck embryo vaccine (PDEV) – Lyssavac
41
Q

Enumerate intramuscular vaccine admin methods

A

Five-dose intramuscular regimen

Abbreviated multisite intramuscular regimen

42
Q

five dose IM regimen is also known as __

A

Essen regimen

43
Q

abbrev multisite IM regimen is also known as

A

Zagreb regimen

44
Q

for Zagreb regimen, where exactly is the vaccine injected?

A

left and right of upper arm deltoid

45
Q

for Essen regimen, where is it injected @ kids?

A

anterolateral thigh region

46
Q

for Essen regimen, where is it injected @ adults?

A

deltoid muscle of upper arm

47
Q

Rabies vaccines formulated with adjuvant should be administered intradermally. true or false?

A

false

48
Q

two methods for intradermal vaccine admin: enumerate

A

updated Thai Red Cross intradermal regimen

eight site intradermal regimen

49
Q

Which are administered via 8 site ID reg?
A)Human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) - Imovax
B)Purified chick embryo cell vaccine (PCEC) - Rabipur
C)Purified vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) – Verorab
D)Purified duck embryo vaccine (PDEV) – Lyssavac

A

A and B

50
Q

Which are administered via updated Thai Red Cross ID reg?
A)Human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) - Imovax
B)Purified chick embryo cell vaccine (PCEC) - Rabipur
C)Purified vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) – Verorab
D)Purified duck embryo vaccine (PDEV) – Lyssavac

A

B & C

51
Q

false about Anti Rabies Serum/ Rabies Ig
A.provides active immunity + protection @ window pd
B.neutralize the virus present in the wound and provide
ready-made rabies antibody before active response to
rabies vaccine
C.always given along with vaccines
D.vaccines should be given at a site away from the site of
RIG infiltration

A

A

passive dapat

52
Q

enumerate the types of Rabies Ig

A

Equine Rabies Ig

Human Rabies Ig

53
Q

Where is Equine Rabies Ig injected for test dose?

A

flexor aspect of forearm

54
Q

False about HRIG
A.No need for skin sensitivity test
B.Required dose of RIGs is the same regardless of body weight
C.Any remaining RIGs should be injected intramuscularly in the thigh region or any site away from the vaccine
administration

A

B

it is computed accdg to body wt

55
Q

false about re-exposure vaccination
A.Only 2 doses of vaccine on days 0 and 3
B.There is a need for RIGs
C.Patients with history of nerve tissue vaccines are treated as fresh cases

A

B

NO NEED!

56
Q

Double the first dose of vaccines for all except
A.Patients who seek treatment after a delay of 48 hours or more
B. People with high risk exposure or extensive wounds on
head, neck, face, hands, and genitalia
C. Patients where RIG is indicated but is unavailable
D. All children less than 5 y/o

A

D

57
Q

Persons exposed to rabies after drinking milk of rabid animal need for PEP regardless of milk type. t/f?

A

F

pasteurized: no need

58
Q

Which is false?
A.Rabies patients cannot eat red meat.
B.The carrier state of rabies in dogs is reported in experimental conditions and is considered to be afraid of nature.

A

A

59
Q

According to the WHO, an anti-rabies antibody titer of greater than or equal to __ IU in the vaccinated individual is considered as protective.

A

0.5

PH 152 (47 decks)

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