Rapid Review - Key Associations (2)

Question 1

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)

Answer 1

Dubin-Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile)

Question 2

Constrictive pericarditis

Answer 2

TB (developing world); SLE (developed world)

Question 3

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

Answer 3

LAD > RCA > LCA

Question 4

Cretinism

Answer 4

Iodine deficit/hypothyroidism

Question 5

Cushing syndrome

Answer 5

• ƒƒ Iatrogenic Cushing (from corticosteroid therapy)
• ƒƒ Adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol)
• ƒƒ ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
• ƒƒ Paraneoplastic Cushing (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)

Question 6

Cyanosis (early; less common)

Answer 6

Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus

Question 7

Cyanosis (late; more common)

Answer 7

VSD, ASD, PDA

Question 8

Death in CML

Answer 8

Blast crisis

Question 9

Death in SLE

Answer 9

Lupus nephropathy

Question 10

Dementia

Answer 10

Alzheimer disease, multiple infarcts

Question 11

Demyelinating disease in young women

Answer 11

Multiple sclerosis

Question 12

DIC

Answer 12

Severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major surgery

Question 13

Dietary deficit

Answer 13

Iron

Question 14

Diverticulum in pharynx

Answer 14

Zenker diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)

Question 15

Ejection click

Answer 15

Aortic/pulmonic stenosis

Question 16

Esophageal cancer

Answer 16

Squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide); adenocarcinoma (U.S.)

Question 17

Food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

Answer 17

S. aureus, B. cereus

Question 18

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

Answer 18

Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)

Question 19

Gynecologic malignancy

Answer 19

Endometrial carcinoma (most common in U.S.); cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)

Question 20

Heart murmur, congenital

Answer 20

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 21

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

Answer 21

Mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse)

Question 22

Helminth infection (U.S.)

Answer 22

Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides

Question 23

Hematoma—epidural

Answer 23

Rupture of middle meningeal artery (trauma; lentiform shaped)

Question 24

Hematoma—subdural

Answer 24

Rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)

Question 25

Hemochromatosis

Answer 25

Multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation (can result in CHF, “bronze diabetes,” and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma)

Question 26

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 26

Cirrhotic liver (associated with hepatitis B and C and with alcoholism)

Question 27

Hereditary bleeding disorder

Answer 27

von Willebrand disease

Question 28

Hereditary harmless jaundice

Answer 28

Gilbert syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

Question 29

HLA-B27

Answer 29

Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis

Question 30

HLA-DR3 or -DR4

Answer 30

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE