Sensory Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
pain
Light touch
Pressure
Temperature
Proprioception
A
General senses
2
Q
Pain and temperature
A
naked nerve endings
General senses
3
Q
Merkeis disks; naked, nerve endings around hair follicles; Meissner corpuscles;rufflins corpuscles; end butts
A
light touch
General senses
4
Q
Pacinian corpuscles
A
pressure
General senses
5
Q
Gogi tendon organs; muscle spindles; receptors similar to meissner’s corpuscle’s in joints
Muscles and joints*
A
Propriception
General senses
6
Q
taste
Smell
Sight
Hearing
Balance
A
Special senses
7
Q
Taste buds
A
special senses taste
8
Q
Olfactory epithelium
A
Special senses smell
9
Q
Retina
A
special senses sight
10
Q
Organ of Corti
A
Special senses hearing
11
Q
Crista ampularis in the semicircular canals; maculae in the utricle in saccule
A
Special senses balance
12
Q
activated by mechanical stimuli, such as touch or pressure
A
Mechanoreceptors
13
Q
Activated by chemicals in the blood, food, or air
A
Chemoreceptors
14
Q
activate by heat or cold
A
Thermoreceptors
15
Q
Activated by light
A
Photoreceptors
16
Q
Activated By painful stimuli
A
Nocicreceptors
17
Q
what are the two free nerve ending receptors?
A
Thermoreceptors and nociceptors
18
Q
associated with many condition
Most common reason that people seek medical attention
Protective mechanism
Can be used to aid diagnosis
Subjective feeling
A
Pain
19
Q
perception of pain in the level at which it is sensed
Can be influenced by effective, behavior, cognitive, sensory, and physiological factors
Very subjective
A
Pain threshold
20
Q
——-pain can delay, healing, stimulate the stress response, and result in pain tolerance
A
Unrelieved pain
21
Q
Short term injury, with sudden onset. Usually due to injury.
A
Acute pain
22
Q
Long-term response to injury, that has damaged tissues. Usually longer than 3 to 6 months.
A
Chronic pain
23
Q
Always have patient point to where the pain is
A
Somatic pain
24
Q
Due to swelling, pushing out on external wall
A
Visceral pain
25
Phantom pain
26
What type of pain is usually related to muscular injuries?
Intermittent pain
27
Red flag that something is very wrong
Typically disturbing and can’t get away from the pain
Intractable pain known as persistent
28
result from damage to peripheral nerves by disease or injury
Tends to be both chronic and intractable or persistent
Depending how much the nerve is damaged, the pain may become persistent
Neuropathic pain
29
where is referred pain related to the heart?
left arm and left chest
And females it can radiate into the right jaw
30
Where is referred pain for the liver and gallbladder?
Right shoulder/scapula
31
where is referred pain for appendicitis?
Usually begins in the perry umbilical and goes into the right lower inguinal area known as right lower quad
32
33
D
34
What layer of the eye supplies the blood?
middle layer
Choroid (holds blood supply)
Ciliary body
Iris
35
response to light, converting light to nerve impulses sends signal out the optic nerve
Inner layer retina
36
holds the retina and lens in place.
Pushes back on the retina and forward the lens
Gel substance to shape the eye
Vitreous humor
37
supplies nutrients, two structures in contact with the anterior and posterior cavity of the eye
Aqueous humor
38
39
what structure of the eye is affected with glaucoma?
Aqueous humor
40
Transmit impulses from the retina to the brain
Optic nerve
41
Anterior surface covering over the pupil in Iris
Provide provides protect protection
Cornea
42
White area of the eye
Provides protection
Scalera
43
middle layer of the eye, which contains blood vessels for eye structures
closely adhered to the retina
Choroid
44
Anterior portion of the choroid, which contains smooth muscle fibers that control **the shape of the lens* to focus on incoming light
Changes size of the pupil
Ciliary body
45
Color portion of the eye
Iris
46
Dark opening in the center of the eye
Pupil
47
innermost layer of the eye
Contains photoreceptors and nerve cells
Weakly attached to the choroid
Contains two types of photo, receptors; rods, and cones
Retina
48
With a retina detachment, where does the injury occur?
At the choroid
49
within the retina, what photoreceptor is sensitive to low light and function at night
* dim light/dark
Rods
50
within the retina, what photoreceptor is sensitive to color vision
Cones
51
forms from the axons of the ganglion cells at the back of the eye
*This area contains no photo receptors and is insensitive to light
Only 1
Optic nerve
52
Visual images are cast_____ onto the retina, and impulses are transmitted to the brain
Upside down
53
light passes through the____
The light is then bounced off the ___
Stimulates __&___
Then goes back out the ____
Retina
Pigmented portion of the retina
Rods and cones
Optic nerve
54
Transparent flexible, structure behind the iris
Lens
55
In front of the lens
Anterior chamber
56
Posterior chamber
Behind the lens
57
Watery liquid in the eye that goes into the anterior and posterior chamber that provides nutrients to the cornea and lungs and carries away cellular waste
Aqueous humor
58
59
Clear, gelatinous material that fills the posterior chamber
Vitreous humor
60
fragile membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eye
reflect onto the eyelid
Conjunctiva
61
create tears and keep the surface moist
Lacrimal glands
62
clean the eye by sweeping the fluid and keeping the eye moist
Blinking
63
tears drain on the inner side through two___
lacrimal ducts
64
what way does the inferior oblique muscle move the eye?
What way does the superior oblique muscle move the eye?
laterally up
Laterally down
65
66
funnel sound waves into the external auditory canal
outer ear
Aurticle
67
68
Directs sound waves to the eardrum
external auditory canal
Outer ear
69
Detect head movement; rotational movement
semicircular canals
Inner ear
70
detect head movement and linear acceleration
Linear movement
saccule and utricle
Inner ear
71
Detect and process sound, detect body position, and maintain balance
Ears
72
Auricle
earlobe
External ear canal
Outer ear
73
Tympanic membrane
Ossicles
Middle ear
74
Cochlea
semicircular canals
Saccule
Utricle
Inner ear
75
three ring light, fluid filled structures that house receptors for body position and movement; rotational head movements
Goes out to the vestibular nerve
semicircular canals
76
Houses the macula. Boney chamber position between the cochlea and semi circular canals and houses receptors that respond to body position and movement.
Linear movement
Goes out to the vestibular nerve
vestibule
Saccule&utricle
77
Sensitive to horizontal acceleration
Utricle
78
Sensitive to vertical acceleration
Saccule
79
located in the middle ear and opens into the pharynxr
Acts as a pressure valve between the middle ear and nasopharynx
Maybe become open with activity such as yawning and swallowing
Opening the tube allows air to flow in and out of the middle ear, equalizing the internal external pressure on the tympanic membrane
Eustachian tube
80
Anterior 2/3 of the tongue taste buds
facial cranial nerve 7
81
Posterior 1/3 tongue taste buds
cranial nerve glossopharyngeal 9
82
taste buds in the epiglottis and pharynxar
cranial nerve Vagus 10
83
Congenital cataracts
84
congenital ear condition
84
Farsightedness due to aging lens
Presbyopia
84
nearsightedness
Myopia
85
Eye conditions associated with aging
86
Ear sensory changes associated with aging
87
Eye changes associated with aging
88
hearing loss involves and damage to the inner ear, auditory nerve, or brain
Decrease sensation in the nerve pathway
Vestibular cochlear nerve all the way to the brain
Sensorineural hearing loss
89
Damage to the inner ear bones
Hearing loss occurs when sound has problems transmitting through the outer and middle ear to the inner ear
Conductive hearing loss
90
ringing in the ears
with aging, it is an over exaggerated response to loss of hearing. Your body trying to hear more
Tinnitus
91
Conjunctivitis
92
Conjunctivitis
93
Keratitis
94
Otis media
95
Otis media
96
Otis externa
97
Otis externa
98
Glaucoma
99
Familia*
With Familia history, interocular pressure must be checked more often
Open angle glaucoma: chronic
100
closed-angle glaucoma-acute
101
closed-angle glaucoma-acute
102
Congenital glaucoma
103
where is the aqueous humor formed?
Ciliary body
104
Secondary glaucoma
105
Where does the aqueous humor drain?
Canal of Schlemm
*gets blocks w glaucoma
106
Cataracts
107
Cataracts
108
False
109
Macular degeneration
110
Dry macular degeneration
111
112
What macular degeneration
113
Otosclerosis
114
Menieres disease
115
Menieres disease
116
treat before 8 to 10 years old
Causes – a weak or hypertonic eye muscle, a short muscle, or a neurological deficit
Strabismus
117
Amblyopia
118
Amblyopia
119
Retinal detachment
120
Retinal detachment
121
Retinal detachment
122
Retinal detachment
123
Nystagmus
124
Tinnitus
125
Vertigo
126
Vertigo
127
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