Shoulder, Breast, and Pectoral Region Flashcards Preview

Anatomy Exam 1 > Shoulder, Breast, and Pectoral Region > Flashcards

Flashcards in Shoulder, Breast, and Pectoral Region Deck (23)
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1
Q

What are the 4 unique spaces in the posterior shoulder?

A
  1. Suprascapular notch
  2. Quadrangular space
  3. Triangular space
  4. Triangular interval
2
Q

Suprascapular notch (Superior transverse scapular ligament)

A

Contains the superior transverse scapular ligament.

The suprascapular artery goes over and the suprascapular nerve goes under it.

3
Q

Quadrangular space

A

Bordered by the teres minor, teres major, and the long head of the triceps.
The posterior humural circumflex artery and the axillary nerve are present within this space

4
Q

Triangular space

A

Borderd by teres minor, teres major, and the long head of the triceps.
The cirumflex scapular artery is present within this space.

5
Q

Triangular Interval

A

Bordered by teres major, long head of the triceps, and lateral head of the triceps.
Within the space is the Radial nerve and the Profunda brachii. artery.

6
Q

Anastomoses around the shoulder is the product of which artery branches?

A

Subclavian branches: The transeverse cervical and suprascapular arteris from Thyrocervical trunk. Sometimes the Dorsal scapular

Axillary branches: The thoroacromial artery from the thoracoacromial trunk. The circumflex scapular artery from the subscapular artery. Both anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. (Basically all of section 3 of the axillary artery plus one branch from the thoracoacromial trunk)

7
Q

VITamin C & D

A

Braches of the subclavian artery

V = vertebral
I = internal thoracic (mammary) artery
T = thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid artery, 
suprascapular artery, 
transverse cervical artery

C = costocervical trunk
supreme intercostal artery, deep cervical artery

D = dorsal scapular artery

8
Q

Screw The Lawyer Save A Patient

A

Branches of the Axillary artery

S - Superior Thoracic Artery
T - Thyroacromial trunk (deltoid branch, pectoralis branch, clavical branch, acromian branch)
L - Lateral Thoracic Artery
S - Subscapular Artery (subscapular circumflex)
A - Anterior Circumflex humeral artery
P - Posterior Circumflex humeral artery

9
Q

What are the Fascial Compartments

A

Pectoral Fascia- Covers pectoralis major muscle
Axillary Fascia- continiation of pectoral fascia laterally
Clavipectoral Fascia- deep to pectoralis major; encloses subclavius muscle and pectoralis minor

10
Q

There is only one Thoracic nerve associated with the upper extremities. Which one is it?

A

T1

11
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A
SitS
Supraspinatus
Infrapsinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

The first three insert into the greater tubercle of the humerus. The subscapularis inserts into the lesser tubercle.

12
Q

Which muscle is most frequently torn in the rotator cuff injuries?

A

Supraspinatus

13
Q

Which muscles are responsible for abduction of the arm?

A

Supraspinatus - 15 degrees
Deltoid - 15-90 degrees
Trapezius -180 degrees

14
Q

What are the borders that serve as a protected passageway for the neurovascular structures (Axillary artery and vein and the Brachial plexus.

A

Apex: rib#1, clavicle, and superior edge of the scapula
Base: Axillary fascia( just your armpit really no base)
Anterior Wall(in front of it): Pect. min and maj.
Posterior Wall: Subscapularis and scapula
Medial Wall: Serratus Anterior over first 5 ribs
Laterall Wall: Humerus and coracoid process

15
Q

Where do 80% of tumors in the breast originate?

A

The lactiferous ducts

16
Q

Tail of Spene

A

An extension of the tissue of the breast that extends into the axilla.

17
Q

What are the dimensions of the breast?

A

2/3 rest on the deep pectoral fascia
1/3 rest on the fascia covering the sarratus anterior
Extends vertically from the 2nd rib - 6th rib

18
Q

Tubuloalveolar glands

A

15-20 glands form a LOBE termed the tubuloalveolar gland. These lead into a lactiferous duct.
1 LOBE per 1 Lactiferous duct.

19
Q

Suspensory Ligament (of Cooper)

A

Connective tissue in the breast that helps maintain structural integrity by dividing glandular tissues into lobes and by attaching the lobes to the skin

20
Q

What arteries supply the breast?

A

From MOST important to least important:

Lateral Thoracic Artery ( a branch of the 2nd portion of the axillary artery.

Internal Thoracic Artery aka internal mammary artery ( the I in VITamin, a branch of the subclavian artery)

Pectoral Branch ( a branch of the 2nd portion [thoracoacromial trunk] of the axillary artery

21
Q

In what quadrant does the highest frequency of breast cancer occur? Lowest

A

The superior-lateral quadrant of the breast.

The Inferior-medial quadrant of the breast

22
Q

Lymphatics of the breast? Remember CLASP

A
C- Central Nodes
L- Lateral Nodes (Humeral Nodes)
A- Apical Nodes
S- Subscapular Nodes ( Posterior Nodes)
P-Pectoral Nodes (Anterior Nodes)
23
Q

Where do the majority of nodes from the breast drain?

A

Axilla