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Micro > Small Gram Negative Pathogens > Flashcards

Small Gram Negative Pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

Chlamydiae has what main characteristics ?

A

gram (-)

obligate intracellular pathogen

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2
Q

what pathogen is known as a “energy parasite”

A

Chlamydiae

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3
Q

what is the main bacterial species of Chlamydia that affects humans

A

C. trachomatis

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4
Q

what pathogen causes the leading number of preventable blindness

A

Chlamydial infections

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5
Q

what does C. trachomatis generally cause

A

genital tract infections

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6
Q

C. trachomitis can be present w/o the host knowing. What is this term called, who does it usually happen to and what can be its affects

A

asymptomatic carriage usually in women

-Infants can get conjunctivitis and pneumonia during birth

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7
Q

Explain the clamydiae life cycle and how it enters a host

A

Starts out as Elementary body and attaches to epithelial cells then is vesiclized via endocytosis

  • once in vesicle EB converts to RB (reticular body)
  • Starts to replicate w/in RB and eventually releases many new EB (then start over)
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8
Q

How fast does chlamydia grow

A

Very Slow

-2 or 3 days per replication cycle

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9
Q

What bacteria is an obligate intracellular pathogen and must use drinking straws? What are drinking straws

A

Chlamydiae

-tube structures allowing pathogen to feed off host w/o leaving inclusion body/ vesicle

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10
Q

what is the actual disease that causes conjunctiva, scarring of retina and blindness ? and what pathogen causes this

A

Trachoma (C. Trachomitis)

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11
Q

Lymphogranuloma Venerum is caused by what pathogen

A

STD caused by Chlamydia venerum

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12
Q

what is the most prevalent chlamydial pathogen in the human population, and what does it cause

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

-atherosclerotic heart lesions

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13
Q

what makes treatment of Chlamydiae very difficult

A
  • Four membranes that drugs/antimicrobials must penetrate through
  • Grow Slow so antibiotics must be used for long ass time
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14
Q

Basic characteristics of Ricketsiae

A

gram (-)

obligate intracellular pathogen

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15
Q

which pathogen is an obligate intracellular pathogen but has an independent metabolism … (makes own ATP)

A

Rickettsiae

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16
Q

what is a zoonose and which pathogen is one

A

ifenctions thats transmitted from animals to humans

-Ricketsiae

17
Q

what is the animal vector of Ricketsiae

A

Ticks

18
Q

How does ricketsiae spread and multiply

A

tick puts bacteria into bloodstream

  • attach to vascular endothelial cells which induces endocytosis
  • once phagocytized they lyse phagosome and spread
  • move around via actin polymerization of host through filopodia
19
Q

which bacterial pathogen has a virulence factor of a phospholipase

A

Rickettsiae (lyses phagosomes)

20
Q

what pathogen utilizes the hosts actin to propel itself through local projecctions called filopodia

A

Ricketsiae

21
Q

how does R. Rickettsiae cause damage

A

lysis of endothelial cells results in hemmorahagic spots (rash)

22
Q

what bacterial pathogen is associated with Typhus group fevers

A

Ricketsiae

23
Q

Erhlicia is a is gram (-) and obligate intracellular pathogen that affects what ?

A

human immune cells like monocytes and macrophages

24
Q

why is Rickettsiae diagnosis very problematic

A

becuase they dont grow by themselves and the patient may not be aware of a tick bite

25
Q

diagnosis of what pathogen requires clinical diagnostic tests

A

Ricketsiae

26
Q

Mycoplasmas are unique in that they require what to grow ?

A

sterols (cholesterols)

27
Q

what is walking pneumonia and what pathogen causes this

A

atypical pneumonia or bronchopneumonia in that bacteria only affect bronkchioles NOT alveoli

28
Q

what are the 2 main virulence factors of M. pneumoniae

A
  • tissue toxic substances

- IgM cold hemagglutins

29
Q

what is hemolytic anemia and what pathogen causes this

A

where IgM hemagglutins bind RBC at cold temperatures resulting in anemia
-Mycoplasma pneumonia

30
Q

what is the newest emerging bacterial pathogen / STD

A

Genital Mycoplasmas ( M. genitalium)

Micro (22 decks)

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