Spongiform Encephalopathies Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain
A
T
2
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies lesions can only be seen in the central nervous system
A
F
3
Q
Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting the antibodies with ELISA.
A
T
4
Q
There are major differences in the amino acid sequence of the normal and infective prions
A
F
5
Q
Spongiform encephalopathies of animals occur worldwide except Australia and New Zealand
A
F
6
Q
Prions can become infective prions as a result of a mutation
A
T
7
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen
A
T
8
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion
A
F
9
Q
Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants
A
T
10
Q
Agents of transmissible encephalopathies are most frequently detected with PCR
A
F
11
Q
Weight loss is a clinical sign of Transmissible encephalopathies
A
T
12
Q
ELISA can be used for the detection of infective prions in the brain
A
T
13
Q
The folding of normal and the infective prion is different
A
T
14
Q
Infective prions are resistant against proteases
A
T
15
Q
Infective prions can survive 100 °C
A
T
16
Q
Prions consist of protein and DNA
A
F
17
Q
Chronic prion has no nucleic acid inside
A
T
18
Q
Chronic prion is inactivated by boiling
A
F
19
Q
Chronic prion form has other form than normal prions
A
T
20
Q
Prions contain protein and DNA
A
F
21
Q
Infection with infective prions generally happens per os
A
T
22
Q
Transmissible encephalopathies are slow diseases
A
T
23
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies encephalitis can be seen in the grey material of the brain
A
F
24
Q
Transmissible encephalopathies are caused by prions
A
T
25
PCR is used to the detection of prions
F
26
Prions always cause viraemia in the infected hosts
F
27
Prions are spreading in the host along the nerves
T
28
Normal prions are essential components of the cell membrane of the hosts
T
29
Infective prions replicate in the cytoplasm of the neurons
T
30
Infective prions are taken per os.
T
31
Encephalitis is typical in the case of transmissible encephalopathies
F
32
Protease breaks down prions
F
33
Transmissible encephalopathies are acute or per-acute diseases
F
34
Antibodies to prions cannot be detected in the case of transmissible encephalopathies
T
35
Allergy tests are widely used to diagnose transmissible encephalopathies
F
36
Scrapie has genetic predisposition
T
37
Scrapie prion is shed in discharges of the infected animals
T
38
The EU is free from Scrapie
F
39
Scrapie is a zoonotic disease
F
40
Atypical scrapie strains are not shed by the infected animals
T
41
Scrapie prion is detected with PCR
F
42
Scrapie is a disease of sheep, goats, and cattle
F
43
Scrapie is mainly seen in sheep between 1.5 and 5 years of age
T
44
Itching is a frequent sign of scrapie
T
45
Both typical and atypical scrapie strains can cause itching
F
46
Scrapie has more clinical signs in lambs than adult sheep
F
47
Certain genotypes of sheep are resistant against Scrapie prion
T
48
Scrapie is spreading with per os infection
T
49
Genetic predisposition is needed for scrapie to develop
T
50
Atypical scrapie strains can cause the same clinical signs as typical scrapie
F
51
Scrapie can be prevented with live vaccines
F
52
Scrapie sensitivity depends on genotype of sheep
T
53
Scrapie can be transmitted between sheep in a flock
T
54
Itching is always a clinical sign of scrapie
F
55
In scrapie we can observe lameness
F
56
Scrapie occurs only in Britain and Ireland
F
57
Sheep cannot shed the scrapie prion
F
58
Clinical signs of scrapie are most frequent in animals between 6 and 12 months of age
F
59
Scrapie is seen only in adult sheep
F
60
Scrapie is seen in sheep and goats
T
61
Goat are resistant to scrapie
F
62
Scrapie is spread within the flock from animal to animal
T
63
Scrapie prion can infect susceptible animals per os
T
64
Itching can be seen in the case of typical scrapie
T
65
Itching can be seen in the case of atypical scrapie
F
66
Certain sheep can be resistant to scrapie
T
67
Scrapie can be prevented with inactivated vaccines
F
68
Scrapie prion is shed by the infected animals
T
69
Scrapie can be prevented by using attenuated vaccines
F
70
There is a per os infection in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy
T
71
The behaviour of the animals is changed in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy
T
72
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy can be transmitted by eating infected meat.
T
73
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy symptoms: being anxious
T
74
Minks are infected with transmissible mink encephalopathy prion per os
T
75
Minks shed the transmissible mink encephalopathy prion in the faeces
F (no shedding at all!!!!)
76
Movement disorders are typical signs of transmissible mink encephalopathy
T
77
Aggressiveness is a clinical sign of BSE
T
78
BSE prion causes meningoencephalitis
F
79
Clinical signs of BSE appear in cattle slowly
T
80
Movement disorders are typical clinical signs of BSE
T
81
BSE prion is shed in milk in large amount
F
82
BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol
F
83
BSE prion travels along the nerves from the gut to the brain
T
84
BSE infects animals per os
T
85
Enteritis and haemorrhages can be seen postmortem in BSE cattle
F
86
Hyperaesthesia is a clinical sign of BSE
T
87
Calves of cows infected with BSE are frequently infected, they have to be destroyed
F
88
There is no vaccine for the prevention of BSE
T
89
Ataxia is a clinical sign of BSE
T
90
BSE is a zoonotic disease
T
91
BSE is spreading fast in the infected herd
F
92
Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle
F
93
For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy laboratory examination, we use ELISA
T
94
In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy the meat contains high number of prions
T
95
Creutzfeldt Jakob syndrome is a new type of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in humans
T
96
BSE prions are shed in the faeces and it is transmitted to other cattle in the herd
F
97
The incubation time of BSE is 3-5 years
T
98
Only a few animals show clinical signs of BSE in an infected herd
T
99
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is widespread in Europe; it is common in most European countries
F
100
BSE is not spreading from animal to animal
T
101
In the case of BSE polioencephalitis is the main post mortem lesion
F
102
BSE prion is mainly detected with PCR
F
103
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is not shed by the infected animals
T
104
Antibodies against bovine spongiform encephalopathy are detected with ELISA
F
105
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading along the nerves in the infected animals
T
106
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is shed in large number in the milk
F
107
Changed behaviour is a typical sign of bovine spongiform encephalopathy
T
108
In case of spongiform encephalopathies micro abscesses are in the brain stem
F
109
Spongiform encephalopathies are mainly acute diseases
F
110
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies there is encephalitis
F
111
Spongiform encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting circulating antibodies
F
112
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies the behaviour of the animal is generally changed
T
113
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies encephalitis is the main post mortem lesion
F
114
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies high levels of antibodies is produced
F
115
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by prions
T
116
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy cannot infect humans
F
117
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes aggression
T
118
You can diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy with ELISA
T
119
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes an immune response
F
120
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a contact infection
F
121
BSE can be seen in calves from the age of 6 months
F
122
Hypersensitivity is a clinical sign of BSE
T
123
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of BSE
F
124
2-6 months old calves having BSE are frequently aggressive
F
125
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is seen only in beef cows
F
126
Cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy have movement difficulties
T
