Study Group Flashcards
What is roseola infantum?
Affects young children, caused by HHV-6 & HHV-7, abrupt high fever, after fever there is a rashthat starts on neck & trunk but spreads to extremities & face
-Happy looking kid
Where does chicken pox hang out?
Dorsal Root Ganglion
What shouldn’t you give to mono patients?
Ampicillin - enlarged spleen
Roseola?
Young kids, happy, high fever that turns into trunk rash that spreads to extremities
Why was smallpox eradicated?
Humans are only carriers, doesn’t mutate, aren’t multiple strains
What is ECHO virus?
- Fecal shedding
- Preschool spread
- Rash on trunk - like flu
- Fever
What is Parvovirus B19?
- Lacy rash, very mild but very contagious
- Maculopapular rash on red cheeks - “slapped cheeks”
- Fever, muscle aches
- Begins on cheeks
What is Rubeola?
Measles Virus
- Koplik spots on buccal mucosa that proceed to rash
- widespread maculopapular
What is rubella?
German Measles
- Rash starts on face & spreads to down body
- Clears over 3 days
- Forchheimer spots on soft palate
- Widespread fine rash
What is the only Arbovirus?
Dengue virus
What are symptoms of dengue fever?
No rash on soles and palms
-High grade sudden fever, joint pain, sore throat, cough, malaise, vomiting, generalized rash after fever, appears ill & toxic
What is the allen test looking for?
Blood refill of the hand while compressing the ulnar artery
What causes the power stroke?
Release of phosphate from the ATP on the myosin head
Why would you want to prolong ACh release?
Myasthenia Gravis
Myasthenia Gravis
Creates antibodies against ACh receptors
What does tetrodotoxin do?
Blocks VG Na+ channels
When it’s hot, what does the post-synaptic neuron release on the AV shunt?
Ach to muscarinic receptors that causes vasodilation
When it is cold, post-synaptic neurons release?
NE that binds to alpha and beta receptors and causes vasoconstriction
What does Furosimide (Lasix) do?
Blocks NKCC channels in eccrine & apocrine glands
What innervates the teres minor?
The lower subscapular nerve
What causes Lambert-Eaton syndrome?
It’s caused by autoantibodies against Calcium channels in motor neurons resulting in inability to release ACh
What happens in myasthenia gravis?
Autoantibodies are generated against nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle
What causes malignant hyperthermia?
It’s caused by a mutation of the ryanodine receptor allowing excessive release of calcium, usually triggered by anesthetics [Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release channels]
What mutation results in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy?
A mutation in dystrophin, a skeletal muscle support protein.
