The Subjunctive Flashcards
1
Q
The Subjunctive
When is the subjunctive used?
A
- The subjunctive is used when the speaker expresses his, her or someone else’s personal opinion, feeling or doubt about such an action or state.
- Typically, the subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause after ‘‘que’’ (that), when the preceding main clause contains a verb or expression (which itself is always in the indicative) that implies a desire, a need, an emotion, doubt, uncertainty or personal judgment, provided that the subjects of both clauses are not the same.
- After verbs expressing a wish, a preference, a request, a need, an expectation, a permission, a prohibition.
- After verbs or expressions indicating feelings or emotions.
- After impersonal expressions indicating necessity, importance, desirability, possibility, and impossibility
- After verbs and expressions implying uncertainty or doubt.
- After certain conjunctions.
- After verbs of thinking if they are in the negative or inverted interrogative form and if the speaker expresses a personal opinion or uncertainty about his statement.
- In the relative clauses.
- The subjunctive is also used after ‘‘que’’’ to express an order in the third person singular and plural, which cannot be done with the imperative. The English equivalent is let (him, her, them) or may (he, she, they).
f. e. Qu’il apprenne le francais!
2
Q
The Subjunctive
It is possible that he comes.
A
Il est possible qu’il vienne.
3
Q
The Subjunctive
It is possible that he came.
A
Il est possible qu’il soit venu.
4
Q
The Subjunctive
It’s a shame that she was ill.
A
C’est dommage qu’elle ait été malade.
5
Q
The Subjunctive
We doubt that they arrived.
A
Nous doutons qu’ils soient arrivés.
6
Q
The Subjunctive
I am dissapointed that the weather is bad.
A
Je suis déçu qu’il fasse mauvais.
7
Q
The Subjunctive
It is possible that I will go to Canada.
A
Il est possible que j’aille au Canada.
8
Q
The Subjunctive
When is the indicative used?
A
The indicative is used by the speaker to express what he or she considers to be a fact, i.e., an action or state which occurred in the past, occurs in the present, or will occur in the future.
9
Q
The Subjunctive I know (that) you are leaving.
A
Je sais que tu pars.
10
Q
The Subjunctive
I am sad (that) you are leaving.
A
Je suis triste que tu partes.
11
Q
The Subjunctive
How is the present subjunctive formed?
A
The present subjunctive of regular verbs is formed by dropping the ‘‘-ent’’ ending from the third person plural of the present indicative and by adding the endings -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent.
12
Q
The Subjunctive
Which are the spelling changes in the present subjunctive?
A
- Verbs ending in -ier have double i in the nous and vous forms:
que nous oubliions, que vous oubliiez - Those regular verbs which have a spelling change in the present indicative will show the same spelling change in the present subjonctive.
13
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘’s’asseoir’’.
A
je m’asseye (or: que je m’assoie)
nous nous asseyions (or: que nous nous assoyions)
14
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘battre’’.
A
que je batte
que nous battions
15
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘conduire’’.
A
que je conduise
que nous conduisions
16
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘connaître’’.
A
que je connaisse
que nous connaissions
17
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘courir’’.
A
que je coure
que nous courions
18
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘craindre’’.
A
que je craigne
que nous craignions
19
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘dire’’.
A
que je dise
que nous disions
20
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘écrire’’.
A
que j’écrive
que nous écrivions
21
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘lire’’.
A
que je lise
que nous lisions
22
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘mettre’’.
A
que je mette
que nous mettions
23
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘naître’’.
A
que je naisse
que nous naissions
24
Q
The Subjunctive
Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘ouvrir’’.
A
que j’ouvre
que nous ouvrions
25
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''partir''.
que je parte
| que nous partions
26
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''plaire''.
que je plaise
| que nous partions
27
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''rire''.
que je rie
| que nous riions
28
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''suivre''.
que je suive
| que nous suivions
29
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''se taire''.
que je me taise
| que nous nous taisions
30
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''vivre''.
que je vive
| que nous vivions
31
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''boire''.
que je boive
| que nous buvions
32
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''croire''.
que je croie
| que nous croyions
33
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''devoir''.
que je doive
| que nous devions
34
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''envoyer''.
que j'envoie
| que nous envoyions
35
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''mourir''.
que je meure
| que nous mourions
36
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''prendre''.
que je prenne
| que nous prenions
37
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''recevoir''.
que je reçoive
| que nous recevions
38
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''tenir''.
que je tienne
| que nous tenions
39
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''venir''.
que je vienne
| que nous venions
40
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''voir''.
que je voie
| que nous voyions
41
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''faire''.
que je fasse
| que nous fassions
42
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''savoir''.
que je sache
| que nous sachions
43
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''pouvoir''.
que je puisse
| que nous puissions
44
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''aller''.
que j'aille
| que nous allions
45
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''valoir''.
que je vaille
| que nous valions
46
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''vouloir''.
que je veuille
| que nous voulions
47
The Subjunctive
| Give the il present subjunctive forms of the verb ''pleuvoir''.
qu'il pleuve
48
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''falloir''.
qu'il faille
49
The Subjunctive
| Conjugate the verb ''aller'' in the present subjunctive.
```
que j'aille
que tu ailles
qu'il aille
que nous allions
que vous alliez
qu'ils aillent
```
50
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''avoir''.
```
que j'aie
que tu aies
qu'il ait
que nous ayons
que vous ayez
qu'ils aient
```
51
The Subjunctive
| Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ''être''.
```
que je sois
que tu sois
qu'il soit
que nous soyons
que vous soyez
qu'ils soient
```
52
The Subjunctive
| I am sad that he leaves / will leave / is going to leave.
Je suis triste qu'il parte.
53
The Subjunctive
| How is the past subjunctive formed?
Te past subjunctive is formed by using the present subjunctive of the auxiliary (avoir or être) and the past participle of the verb in question, or, if you prefer, by taking the passé composé of the indicative and by putting the helping verb in the present subjunctive.
54
The Subjunctive
| When is the past subjunctive used?
The past subjunctive is used when the action of the subordinate clause occurs prior to the action in the main clause.
55
The Subjunctive
| I am sorry that this happened.
Je regrette que cela soit arrivé.
56
The Subjunctive
| She was disappointed that her son hadn't written to her.
Elle était déçue que son fils ne lui ait pas écrit.
57
The Subjunctive
| I am sorry (that) we are late.
Je suis désolé que nous soyons en retard.
58
The Subjunctive
| I am sorry (that) I am late.
Je suis désolé d'être en retard.
59
The Subjunctive
| to like
aimer
60
The Subjunctive
| to prefer
aimer que
61
```
The Subjunctive
to wait (till)
```
attendre que
62
The Subjunctive
| to expect
s'attendre à ce que
63
The Subjunctive
| to need
avoir besoin que
64
The Subjunctive
| to (really) want
avoir envie que
65
The Subjunctive
| to advise
conseiller que
66
The Subjunctive
| to forbid
défendre que
67
The Subjunctive
| to ask, to request
demander que
68
The Subjunctive
| to wish, want
désirer que
69
The Subjunctive
| to prevent
empêcher que
70
The Subjunctive
| to demand
exiger que
71
The Subjunctive
| to insist
insister pour que
72
The Subjunctive
| to forbid
interdire que
73
The Subjunctive
| to order, command
ordonner que
74
The Subjunctive
| to allow, permit
permettre que
75
The Subjunctive
| to prefer
préférer que
76
The Subjunctive
| to suggest
proposer que
| suggérer que
77
The Subjunctive
| to recommend
recommander que
78
The Subjunctive
| to wish
souhaiter que
79
The Subjunctive
| to (really) want, to be anxious to
tenir à ce que
80
The Subjunctive
| to make sure, ensure
veiller à ce que
81
The Subjunctive
| to want
vouloir que
82
The Subjunctive
| I don't like (it) that you drink.
Je n'aime pas que tu boives.
83
The Subjunctive
| Wait till I come back.
Attends que je revienne.
84
The Subjunctive
| I ask that you be ready at noon.
Je demande que vous soyez prêts à midi.
85
The Subjunctive
| He demands that we know the subjunctive.
Il exige que nous sachions le subjonctif.
86
The Subjunctive
| She insists that everyone be there.
Elle insiste pour que tout le monde soit là.
87
The Subjunctive
| I prefer that you do it.
Je préfère que tu le fasses.
88
The Subjunctive
| They insist that the children go to school.
Ils tiennent à ce que les enfants aillent à l'école.
89
The Subjunctive
| We will make sure that you arrive on time.
Nous veillerons à ce que vous arriviez à l'heure.
90
```
The Subjunctive
I hope (that) you are fine.
```
J'espère que vous allez bien.
| The verb ''espérer requires the indicative
91
```
The Subjunctive
I hope (that) you (will) feel better.
```
J'espère que tu te sentiras mieux.
| The verb ''espérer requires the indicative
92
The Subjunctive
| I'd rather
J'aimerais mieux (or: je préférerais) + que + present subjunctive
93
The Subjunctive
| I'd rather you stayed here.
J'aimerais mieux que vous restiez ici.
94
The Subjunctive
| I wish you / he were..., I wish you / he would...
Je voudrais
| J'aimerais + que + subjunctive
95
The Subjunctive
| I wish he were successful.
Je voudrais qu'il réussisse.
96
The Subjunctive
| I wish she would write.
J'aimerais qu'elle écrive.
97
The Subjunctive
| I wish you could come.
Je voudrais que tu puisses venir.
98
The Subjunctive
| I wish I were in France.
Je voudrais être en France.
99
The Subjunctive
| We wish we knew what happened.
Nous voudrions savoir ce qui s'est passé.
100
The Subjunctive
| She wants him to succeed.
Elle veut qu'il réussisse.
101
The Subjunctive
| We don't expect this to be easy.
Nous ne nous attendons pas à ce que ce soit facile.
102
The Subjunctive
| I need you to do me a favor.
J'ai besoin que tu me rendes un service.
103
The Subjunctive
| to be glad, pleased that
être content que
104
The Subjunctive
| to be disappointed that
être déçu que
105
The Subjunctive
| to be sorry that
être désolé que
106
The Subjunctive
| to be angry that
être fâche que
107
The Subjunctive
| to be furious that
être furieux que
108
```
The Subjunctive
to be (un)happy that
```
être (mal)heureux que
109
The Subjunctive
| to be worried that
être inquiet que
110
The Subjunctive
| to be delighted that
être ravi que
111
The Subjunctive
| to be surprised that
être surpris / étonné que
112
The Subjunctive
| to be sad that
être triste que
113
The Subjunctive
| it is too bad that, it is a shame that
il est / c'est dommage que
114
The Subjunctive
| it is strange that
il est étrange que
115
The Subjunctive
| it is great that
c'est formidable / génial que
116
The Subjunctive
| to be afraid that
avoir peur que (ne)
117
The Subjunctive
| to fear that
craindre que (ne)
118
The Subjunctive
| to be surprised that
s'étonner que
119
The Subjunctive
| to regret / be sorry that
regretter que
120
The Subjunctive
| She is glad that the weather is / will be nice.
Elle est contente qu'il fasse beau.
121
The Subjunctive
| He is disappointed that she doesn't want to date him.
Il est déçu qu'elle ne veuille pas sortir avec lui.
122
The Subjunctive
| I am sorry that you are ill.
Je suis désolé que tu sois malade.
123
The Subjunctive
| I am happy that you can come.
Je suis heureux que vous puissiez venir.
124
The Subjunctive
| I am afraid that you will miss the plane.
J'ai peur que vous (ne) manquiez l'avion.
(After expressions of fear used in the affirmative form, the word ''ne'' may precede the verb in the subjunctive for stylistic reasons. This ''ne'' (the use of which is optional) is not followed by ''pas'' and does not make the sentence negative.)
125
The Subjunctive
| He is sad that his wife forgot his birthday.
Il est triste que sa femme ait oublié son anniversaire.
126
The Subjunctive
| I am glad that you are feeling better.
Je suis content(e) que tu te sentes mieux.
127
The Subjunctive
| I am glad to hear that you are feeling better.
Je suis content(e) d'apprendre que tu te sens mieux.
| If an infinitive follows the expression of emotion, the indicative is used.
128
The Subjunctive
| It's a good thing that she was there.
Heureusement qu'elle était là.
Hereusement elle était là.
(Être heureux que is followed by the subjunctive, but heureusement que is not)
129
The Subjunctive
| She is afraid that she will fail the exam.
Elle a peur d'échouer à l'examen.
| When both the main and the subordinate clauses have the same subject, an infinitive (preceded by de) is used.
130
The Subjunctive
| it is necessary that, (someone) must, has to
il faut que
131
The Subjunctive
| (someone) must not
il ne faut pas que
132
The Subjunctive
| it is better that
il vaut mieux que
133
The Subjunctive
| it is good that
il est bon que
134
The Subjunctive
| it is essential that
il est essentiel que
135
The Subjunctive
| it is possible that
il est possible que
136
The Subjunctive
| it is impossible that
il est impossible que
137
The Subjunctive
| it is important that
il est important que
138
The Subjunctive
| it is indispensable that
il est indispensable que
139
The Subjunctive
| it is right, fair that
il est juste que
140
The Subjunctive
| it is natural that
il est naturel que
141
The Subjunctive
| it is necessary that
il est nécessaire que
142
The Subjunctive
| it is normal that
il est normal que
143
The Subjunctive
| it is possible that
il se peut que
144
The Subjunctive
| it is preferable that
il est préférable que
145
The Subjunctive
| it is unusual, rare that
il est rare que
146
```
The Subjunctive
it is (about) time that
```
il est (grand) temps que
147
The Subjunctive
| it is useful that
il est utile que
148
The Subjunctive
| it is useless that
il est inutile que
149
The Subjunctive
| it's not worth the trouble that, there is no point in (doing)
ce n'est pas (cela ne vaut pas) la peine que
150
The Subjunctive
| One must want to do it.
Il faut qu'on veuille le faire.
151
The Subjunctive
| She is rarely late.
Il est rare qu'elle soit en retard.
152
The Subjunctive
| It is better that you leave.
Il vaut mieux que vous partiez.
153
The Subjunctive
| It is essentiel that I see you before tomorrow.
Il est essentiel que je te voie avant demain.
154
The Subjunctive
| It is time for us to leave.
Il est temps que nous nous en allions.
155
The Subjunctive
| It is possible that one can buy that here.
Il est possible qu'on puisse acheter ça ici.
156
The Subjunctive
| It is probable that he will be back tomorrow.
Il est probable qu'il sera de retour demain.
(The expression ''il est probable que'' is followed by indicative, but in a negative expression is followed by subjunctive)
157
The Subjunctive
| It is likely that he will come.
Il est vraisemblable qu'il viendra.
(The expression ''Il est vraisemblable'' is followed by indicative, but in a negative expression is followed by subjunctive)
158
The Subjunctive
| It is improbable that he will be back tomorrow.
Il n'est pas probable qu'il soit de retour demain.
159
The Subjunctive
| It is unlikely that he comes.
Il est invraisemblable qu'il vienne.
160
The Subjunctive
| You must not be worried.
Il ne faut pas que vous soyez inquiet.
161
The Subjunctive
| It's normal that everyone wants to be happy.
C'est normal que tout le monde veuille être heureux.
| In spoken French, ''c'est'' replaces ''il est'' before an adjective
162
The Subjunctive
| You must have patience.
Il faut que tu aies de la patience.
163
The Subjunctive
| One must have patience.
Il faut vaoir de la patience.
(An infinitive construction is used when a general statement is made. The preposition de precedes the infinitive except after ''il faut'' and ''il vaut mieux''.)
164
The Subjunctive
| to doubt that
douter que
165
The Subjunctive
| it is doubtful that
il est douteux que
166
The Subjunctive
| it is not sure / certain that
il n'est pas sûr / certain que
167
The Subjunctive
| it is not true that
il n'est pas vrai que
168
The Subjunctive
| I am not sure / certain / convinced that
je ne suis pas sûr / certain / convaincu que
169
The Subjunctive
| Are you sure / certain that...?
êtes-vous sûr / certain que?
170
The Subjunctive
| It is true / accurate that...?
est-il vrai / exact que?
171
The Subjunctive
| it seems that
il semble que
172
The Subjunctive
| I doubt that will be necessary.
Je doute que ce soit nécessaire.
173
The Subjunctive
| It is not certain that she is right.
Il n'est pas certain qu'elle ait raison.
174
The Subjunctive
| The teacher is not sure that we understand him.
Le professeur n'est pas sûr que nous le comprenions.
175
The Subjunctive
| It seems that she is feeling better.
Il semble qu'elle aille mieux.
176
The Subjunctive
| It seems to me that she is feeling better.
Il me semble qu'elle va mieux.
(The expression ''il semble que'' is followed by the subjunctive since it implies uncertainty. But if a personal object pronoun is included in this expression (il me semble), it is followed by the indicative since it implies certainty on the part of the speaker.
177
The Subjunctive
| to not doubt that
ne pas douter que (expression followed by the indicative)
178
The Subjunctive
| to be convinced that
être convaincu / persuadé que (expression followed by the indicative)
179
The Subjunctive
| to be sure / certain that
être sûr / certain que (expression followed by the indicative)
180
The Subjunctive
| there is no doubt that
il n'y a aucun doute que (expression followed by the indicative)
181
The Subjunctive
| it is not doubtful that
il n'est pas douteux que (expression followed by the indicative)
182
The Subjunctive
| it is evident that
il est évident que (expression followed by the indicative)
183
The Subjunctive
| it is true that
il est vrai que (expression followed by the indicative)
184
The Subjunctive
| it is sure that
il est sûr que (expression followed by the indicative)
185
The Subjunctive
| it is certain that
il est certain que (expression followed by the indicative)
186
The Subjunctive
| it is true / correct that
il est exact que (expression followed by the indicative)
187
The Subjunctive
| it is clear that
il est clair que (expression followed by the indicative)
188
The Subjunctive,
| I've heard that, apparently
il paraît que (expression followed by the indicative)
189
The Subjunctive
| to suspect that
se douter que (expression followed by the indicative)
190
The Subjunctive
| to know that
savoir que (expression followed by the indicative)
191
The Subjunctive
| so that, in order that
pour que + subjunctive
pour + infinitive
afin que + subjunctive
afin de + infinitive
192
The Subjunctive
| before
```
avant que (ne) + subjunctive
avant de + infinitive
```
193
The Subjunctive
| on the condition that
à condition que + subjunctive
| à condition de + infinitive
194
The Subjunctive
| unless
à moins que (ne) + subjunctive
| à moins de + infinitive
195
The Subjunctive
| while waiting for, until
en attendant que + subjunctive
| en attendant de + infinitive
196
The Subjunctive
| although, even though
```
bien que (=quoique) + subjonctive
(Always followed by the subjunctive, even if the main clause has the same subject as the subordinate clause)
```
197
The Subjunctive
| for fear that
de crainte que (ne) + subjunctive
| de peur que (ne) + infinitive
198
The Subjunctive
| until
jusqu'à ce que + subjunctive
| Always followed by the subjunctive, even if the main clause has the same subject as the subordinate clause
199
The Subjunctive
| provided that
pourvu que + subjunctive
| Always followed by the subjunctive, even if the main clause has the same subject as the subordinate clause
200
The Subjunctive
| without
sans que + subjunctive
| sans + infinitive
201
The Subjunctive
| I will stay until he comes back.
Je resterai jusqu'à ce qu'il revienne.
202
The Subjunctive
| We will go hiking unless the weather is bad.
Nous ferons une randonnée à moins qu'il (ne) fasse mauvais.
203
The Subjunctive
| I hurry so that it goes faster.
Je me dépêche pour que ça aille plus vite.
204
The Subjunctive
| Let's go home before it rains.
Rentrons avant qu'il (ne) pleuve.
205
The Subjunctive
| She was arrested although she is innocent.
Elle a été arrêtée bien qu'elle soit innocente.
206
The Subjunctive
| He did it without his wife knowing it.
Il l'a fait sans quesa femme le sache.
207
The Subjunctive
| We talked to him after he came home.
Nous lui avons parlé après qu'il est rentré.
| Après que is followed by the infinitive
208
The Subjunctive
| whereas, while
alors que
| Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense
209
The Subjunctive
| as soon as
aussitôt que,
dès que
(Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense).
210
The Subjunctive
| since
depuis que
| Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense
211
The Subjunctive
| because
parce que
| Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense
212
The Subjunctive
| while
pendant que
| Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense
213
The Subjunctive
| since (=because)
puisque
| Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense
214
The Subjunctive
| whereas
tandis que
| Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense
215
The Subjunctive
| I save money in order to be able to travel.
Je fais des économies pour pouvoir voyager.
216
The Subjunctive
| Visit us before you leave.
Venez nous voir avant de partir.
217
The Subjunctive
| He left without saying goodbye.
Il est parti sans dire au revoir.
218
The Subjunctive
| While waiting to have dinner, we are going to have a drink.
En attendant de dîner, nous allons prendre l'apéritif.
219
The Subjunctive
| You will not find this street unless you know the city very well.
Tu ne trouveras pas cette rue à moins de connaître très bien la ville.
220
The Subjunctive
| I have a headache although I took two aspirin tablets.
J'ai mal à la tête bien que j'aie pris deux cachets d'aspirine.
221
The Subjunctive
| We will go to France provided that we have enough money.
Nous irons en France, pourvu que nous ayons assez d'argent.
222
The Subjunctive
| He often watches TV until he goes to sleep.
Il regarde souvent la télé jusqu'à ce qu'il s'endorme.
223
The Subjunctive
| to think that
penser que
| trouver que
224
The Subjunctive
| to believe / think that
croire que
225
The Subjunctive
| I don't think that this is a good idea.
Je ne pense / trouve pas que ce soit une bonne idée.
226
The Subjunctive
| Do you think that French is easy?
Trouvez-vous que le francais soit facile?
227
The Subjunctive
| Do you believe that he tells the truth?
Crois-tu qu'il dise la vérité?
228
The Subjunctive
| I don't think that one can know a country without knowing its language.
Je ne crois pas qu'on puisse connaître un pays sans savoir sa langue.
229
The Subjunctive
| He thinks that we are exaggerating.
Il pense que nous exagérons.
230
The Subjunctive
| I think that this dress looks good on you.
Je trouve que cette robe te va bien.
231
The Subjunctive
| I believe / think this is true.
Je crois / pense / trouve que c'est vrai.
232
The Subjunctive
| He even went so far as to say bad things about his boss.
Il est même allé jusqu'à dire du mal de son patron.
233
The Subjunctive
| I want you to tell me the truth.
Je veux que tu me dises la vérite.
234
```
The Subjunctive
I hope (that) you tell me the truth.
```
J'espère que tu me diras la vérité.
235
The Subjunctive
| We are happy that you are there.
Nous sommes heureux que tu sois là.
236
The Subjunctive
| Fortunately you are there.
Heureusement que tu es là.
237
The Subjunctive
| It is possible that he goes to Nice.
Il est possible qu'il aille à Nice.
238
The Subjunctive
| It is probable (likely) that he goes to Nice.
Il est probable qu'il va à Nice.
239
The Subjunctive
| I don't think (that) she is right.
Je ne pense pas qu'elle ait raison.
240
The Subjunctive
| I think that she is right.
Je pense qu'elle a raison.
241
The Subjunctive
| It seems that she has to wait.
Il semble qu'elle doive attendre.
242
The Subjunctive
| It seems to me that he has to wait.
Il me semble qu'il doit attendre.
243
The Subjunctive
| She arrived before I left.
Elle est arrivée avant que je (ne) parte.
244
The Subjunctive
| She arrived after I left.
Elle est arrivé après que je suis parti.
245
The Subjunctive
| When is the subjunctive used in relative clauses?
1. When the verb or expression in the main clause indicates that the speaker is not sure whether the antecedent exists, or that he or she would like to find it. Expressions in the main clause that will trigger the subjuntcive in the relative clause include:
-J'ai besoin d'un(e)...
- Je cherche un(e)...
- Connaissez-vous un(e)...
- Y a-t-il un(e)...
BUT
when the main clause indicates that the desired object or person has already been found or that its existence is certain, the indicative is used.
Je voudrais trouver un hôtel qui ne soit pas cher.
Je trouvé / je connais un hôtel qui n'est pas cher.
2. When the relative clause is preceded by a superlative.
f.e. C'est la plus belle ville que je connaisse.
The choice between the subjunctive or the indicative in a relative clause after a superlative depends on whether the speaker expresses a personal opinion or judgement (subjunctive), or if the speaker simply states a fact (indicative). Often however, the subjunctive is automatically triggered in the relative clause after a superlative, no matter whether an opinion or a fact is stated.
3. When the relative clause is preceded by one of the following expressions.
l'unique - the only (one)
le seul - the only (one)
le premier - the first (one)
le dernier - the last (one)
il n'y a que - (there is) only
ne...personne - nobody, not anybody
ne...jamais - never
ne...aucun - no, not any
ne...pas de - no, not any
ne...rien - nothing, not anything
246
The Subjunctive
| He is looking for someone who is reliable.
Il cherche quelqu'un qui soit fiable.
247
The Subjunctive
| Do you know a person who would be willing to help me?
Connaissez-vous une personne qui veuille m'aider?
248
The Subjunctive
| Is there something I can do for you?
Y a-t-il quelque chose que je puisse faire pour vous?
249
The Subjunctive
| I need a secretary who knows how to speak several foreign languages fluently.
Il me faut une secrétaire qui sache parler couramment plusieurs langues étrangères.
250
The Subjunctive
| That is the least one can say.
C'est le moins qu'on puisse dire.
251
The Subjunctive
| That is the best film I ever saw.
C'est le meilleur film que j'aie jamais vu.
252
The Subjunctive
| This tower is the highest there is in the world.
Cette tour est la plus haute qu'il y a (or: ait) dans le monde.
253
The Subjunctive
| I heard that the Great Wall of China is the only monument which is visible from the moon.
Il paraît que la Grande Muraille de Chine est le seul monument qui soit visible depuis la lune.
254
The Subjunctive
| He doesn't find anyone who knows how to do it.
Il ne trouve personne qui sache le faire.
255
The Subjunctive
| There is no medication that cures this disease.
Il n'y a aucun médicament qui guérisse cette maladie.
256
The Subjunctive
| Only God can help us.
Il n'y a que Dieu qui puisse nous aider.
257
The Subjunctive
| I don't know any book that is more interesting.
Je ne connais pas de livre qui soit plus intéressant.
258
The Subjunctive
| I haven't found anything that I like in this store.
Je n'ai rien trouvé qui me plaise dans ce magasin.
259
The Subjunctive
| There is no reason why...should...
Il n'y a aucune raison (pour) que + subjunctive
| Il n'y a pas de raison que + subjunctive
260
The Subjunctive
| Ther is no reason why we should lose the game.
Il n'y a aucune raison (pour) que nous perdions le match.
261
The Subjunctive`
| whoever
qui que
262
The Subjunctive
| wherever
où que
263
The Subjunctive
| whatever
quoi que
| Don't confuse quoi que with quoique - although
264
The Subjunctive
| Whoever you may be, I have never seen you.
Qui que vous soyez, je ne vous ai jamais vu.
265
```
The Subjunctive
Wherever you (may) go, I will accompany you.
```
Qù que tu ailles, je t'accompagnerai
266
```
The Subjunctive
Whatever you (may) do, I will support you.
```
Quoi que tu fasses, je te soutiendrai.
267
The Subjunctive
| whoever it may be who
qui que ce soit qui
268
The Subjunctive
| who(m)ever it may be whom
qui que ce soit que
269
The Subjunctive
| whatever it may be which / that
quoi que ce soit que
270
The Subjunctive
| Whoever it may be who said that, I don't believe it.
Qui que ce soit qui ait dit cela, je n'en crois rien.
271
The Subjunctive
| Whoever it may be whom you know, I don't know him.
Qui que ce soit que vous connaissiez, je ne le connais pas.
272
The Subjunctive
| Whatever it may be that one says, remain calm!
Quoi que ce soit qu'on dise, restez calme!
273
The Subjunctive
| however + adjective or adverb
si (+adjective or adverb) que
274
The Subjunctive
| however + adjective or adverb
quelque (+adjective or adverb) que
275
The Subjunctive
| However intelligent you may be, you don't know everything.
Si intelligent que tu sois, tu ne sais pas tout.
276
The Subjunctive
| However skillful this man may be, he cannot do everything.
Si habile que soit cet homme, il ne peut pas tout faire.
277
The Subjunctive
| whatever (+noun or pronoun) may be
quel que / quelle que / quels que / quelles que
(+ subjunctive of être + noun)
(or: + pronoun + subjunctive of être)
278
The Subjunctive
| True nicotine addicts don't stop smoking, whatever the health risk may be.
Les vrais accros de la nicotine ne s'arrêtent pas de fumer, quel que soit le risque pour la santé.
279
The Subjunctive
| Whatever the difficulty may be, you must overcome it.
Quelle soit la difficulté, il faut la surmonter.
280
The Subjunctive
| Whatever your problemes may be, you must forget them.
Quels que soient vos problèmes, il faut les oublier.
281
The Subjunctive
| Parents like all their children, whatever their capabilities may be.
Les parents aiment tous leurs enfants, quelles que soient leurs aptitudes.
282
The Subjunctive
| whatever (+singular or plural noun)
quelque (+singular noun) que
| quelques (+plural noun) que
283
The Subjunctive
| Whatever success you may have, stay modest.
Quelque succès que vous ayez, restez modeste.
284
The Subjunctive
| Whatever worries you may have, don't despair.
Quelques soucis que tu aies, ne désespère pas.
285
The Subjunctive
| Long live France!
Vive la France!
286
The Subjunctive
| So be it! Amen! (at the end of a prayer)
Ainsi sot-il!
287
The Subjunctive
| God bless you!
Que Dieu vous bénisse!
288
The Subjunctive
| Thank God! God be praised!
Dieu soit loué!
289
The Subjunctive
| They will be done.
Que votre volonté soit faite.
290
The Subjunctive
| So be it!
Soit! ^(swat)
291
The Subjunctive
| Be it as it may.
Quoi qu'il en soit.
292
The Subjunctive
| Don't let this stand in the way.
Qu'à cela ne tienne.
293
The Subjunctive
| As far as I remember.
Autant que je m'en souvienne.
294
The Subjunctive
| As far as I know.
Autant que je sache.
295
The Subjunctive
| Not that I know.
Pas que je sache.
296
The Subjunctive
| Whether one likes it or not.
Qu'on le veuille ou non.
297
The Subjunctive
| No matter what happens.
Quoi qu'il advienne.
298
The Subjunctive
| Rain or shine
Qu'il pleuve ou qu'il vente.
299
The Subjunctive
| Let's hope (that) it lasts!
Pourvu que ça dure!
300
The Subjunctive
| We will go to the beach provided that the weather is good.
Nous irons à la plage pourvu qu'il fasse beau.
| Pourvu at the beginning of the subordinate clause means provided that
301
The Subjunctive
| Let's hope (that) the weather is good tomorrow.
Pourvu qu'il fasse beau demain.
302
The Subjunctive
| Don't let that happen again.
Que cela ne se reproduise plus!
303
The Subjunctive
| May that serve you as a warning!
Que cela vous serve d'avertissement!
304
The Subjunctive
| Let there be light, and there was light.
Que la lumière soit, et la lumière fut.
305
The Subjunctive
| Let there be no mistake!
Qu'on ne s'y trompe pas!
306
The Subjunctive
| If he wants the CD, let him come and get it!
S'il veut le CD, qu'il vienne le chercher!
307
The Subjunctive
| If they don't have bread, let them eat cake.
S'ils n'ont pas de pain, qu'ils mangent de la brioche.
