Tissue Layers

Question 1

What are the layers of the integument?

Answer 1

Epidermis

Dermis

Question 2

What is the main function of the integument?

Answer 2

Barrier of the body
Also: Containment of structures, heat regulation, sensation (by way of superficial nerves), synthesis & storage of vitamin D

Question 3

Describe the Epidermis (vasculature, innervation, etc.)

Answer 3

Cellular, bound very tightly w/no spaces
Completely avascular
Very few penetrating nerve fibers

Question 4

Describe the dermis (vasculature, innervation, etc.)

Answer 4

Tough fibrous layer
Extremely vascular
Highly innervated

Question 5

What does “thick skin” refer to

Answer 5

Epidermis only

Question 6

Where is the thinnest and thickest skin located?

Answer 6

Thinnest: Eyelids
Thickest: Upper Back

Question 7

Function of skin retinaculum

Answer 7

“ligaments” Bind skin to underlying tissue

Question 8

Skin retinaculum bind the dermis to what?

Answer 8

Deep fascia (2 layers deep)

Question 9

List the general layers of tissues from most superficial to deep

Answer 9

Integument (Epidermis & Dermis)
Superficial Fascia (Adipose & Areolar)
Deep Fascia (Membranous fibrous bundling sheath)
Muscle
Bone*
*Bone is usually deep to muscle, but not always

Question 10

How thick is the epidermis?

Answer 10

0.05mm-1.5mm

Question 11

How thick is the dermis?

Answer 11

.1mm-4.0mm

Question 12

What is the range of thickness of the integument?

Answer 12

.5mm-4.5mm thick

Question 13

What is the function of the superficial fascia?

Answer 13

The “subcutaneous tissue” insulates and provides cushioning

Question 14

Describe the superficial fascia (vasculature, innervation, etc.)

Answer 14

Made of adipose and areolar tissue
Slightly vascular (large vessels like veins)
Fairly innervated (sympathetic and sensory)

Question 15

What is adipose tissue?

Answer 15

Fat

Question 16

What is areolar tissue?

Answer 16

Binds fat together to give shape, fiberous, intertwined

Question 17

What is the function of the deep fascia?

Answer 17

Encapsulates & compartmentalizes muscle groups, blood vessels, & nerves

Question 18

Deep fascia form a potential pathway for what?

Answer 18

Spreading of infections

“spreading along fascial lines”

Question 19

Describe deep fascia (vasculature, innervation, etc.)

Answer 19

Fibrous sheath (varying thickness)
Avascular (nearly)
Extremely innervated
Thick in limbs, thinner in face & abdomen

Question 20

Where is the deep fascia bound to?

Answer 20

Periosteum of bone (If present)

Question 21

How thick is the superficial fascia?

Answer 21

1.0mm - ?? If overweight, can vary greatly

Question 22

Describe muscles (vasculature, innervation, etc)

Answer 22

Highly vascularized
Highly innervated
End/tendons: essentially avascular

Question 23

Deep fascia is continuous with the _____ of each muscle

Answer 23

epimysium

Question 24

Describe bones (vascularture, innervation)

Answer 24

Highly vascular

Highly innervated

Question 25

What tissue layers are essentially/nearly avascular

Answer 25

Epidermis

Deep fascia

Question 26

Incision lines that ___________ heal well with little scaring

Answer 26

parallel with tension lines

minimal disrupted fibers