Unit 1: Key Definitions

Question 1

an approach to examining the human condition that is holistic, comparative, evolutionary, and grounded in fieldwork

Answer 1

anthropological perspective

Question 2

the study of human societies, cultures and their development

Answer 2

anthropology

Question 3

work that recognizes, analyzes, and attempts to dismantle deep systemic inequaloties created by colonialism

Answer 3

anti-rascist

Question 4

the use of other anthropologists’s information to solve practical problems between cultures in cultural anthropology

Answer 4

applied anthropology

Question 5

specialty of anthropology, interested in what humans can learn from ancient remains left behind from earlier societies

Answer 5

archaeology

Question 6

organisms that shape culture through their biology and biochemistry as time passes (ex: humans)

Answer 6

biocultural organisms

Question 7

a specialty of anthropology that views humans as biological organisms, compares/contrasts humans to other living things

Answer 7

biological/physical anthropology

Question 8

two things that influence eachother in the process of development, they evolve at the same time and impact eachother!

Answer 8

co-evolved

Question 9

oppressive cultural domination of a people by larger, wealthier powers

Answer 9

colonialism

Question 10

an anthropological perspective that requires anthropologists to consider similarities/differences in a wide rnage of human societies before generalizing about human nature/society/history

Answer 10

comparative

Question 11

recognizing internal differences, complex power relations, and historical context in which particular cultural traditions emerge and understanding cultural difference

Answer 11

critical culture relativism

Question 12

specialty of anthropology that studies how variation in beliefs and behaviours is shaped by cukture and learned by different members of human groups

Answer 12

cultural anthropology

Question 13

approaching other cultures with sympathy, not applying you own beliefs, values and practices… all cultures are equally valid!

Answer 13

cultural relativism (!)

Question 14

a sector that develops research, policy and programming for the management and protection of natural/cultural resources

Answer 14

cultural resource management

Question 15

learned behaviours and ideas that humans acquire as members of society

Answer 15

culture

Question 16

the notion that what is considered immoral, moral, good or evil is dependant on culture, and there are no moral or ethical principles

Answer 16

ethical relativism

Question 17

evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions from your own set fo beliefs/culture

Answer 17

ethnocentrism (!)

Question 18

an athropologists recorded description of a particular group of peoples way of life

Answer 18

ethnography (!)

Question 19

the comparative study of two or more cultures

Answer 19

ethnology (!)

Question 20

requires anthropologists to place their observations about human nature/society/history in a flexible framework that takes change in time into consideration

Answer 20

evolutionary

Question 21

data collection in anthropology that takes anthropologists into direct contact and experience withe the people/sites/animals of interest

Answer 21

fieldwork (!)

Question 22

study of skeletal remains to aid in criminal and human rights investigations

Answer 22

forensics

Question 23

everyday, routine social activity rooted in habitual behaviour

Answer 23

habitus

Question 24

a perspective on the human condition that assumes that mind and body, nature and culture, individual and society, and individual and environement permeate and even define one another

Answer 24

holism

Question 25

human being’s ability to exercise SOME control over their lives

Answer 25

human agency

Question 26

specialty of anthropology concerned with the study of human languages

Answer 26

linguistic anthropology

Question 27

the aspect of social reality grounded in the objects and architecture that surround people

Answer 27

material culture

Question 28

the act of reducing an individual or collective identity, such as ethnicity or gender, to objects

Answer 28

objectified

Question 29

branch of anthropology that focuses on fossils

Answer 29

paleoanthropology

Question 30

study of behaviour, biology, evolution and taxonomy of nonhuman primates

Answer 30

primatology

Question 31

people who work with anthropologists and provide them with insight on their lives

Answer 31

research participants

Question 32

form of colonialism where indigenous populations are displaced for new settlers

Answer 32

settler-colonial

Question 33

something that stands for something else (ex: alphabetic symbols)

Answer 33

symbols