Unit 4: Key Definitions Flashcards
additional meanings of a word that derive from the typical contexts in which they are used, and rely on personal and cultural associations
connotative meanings
a complex language with native speakers that has developed over one or more past generations from two or more distinct languages
creole
the formal meaning of a word, as given in a dictionary
denotative meanings
a) in speech, a meaningful utterance united by a common theme
b) drawing on linguistics, ____ refers to a social and historical schema that conveys knowledge and meaning to produce subject positions
discourse
the study of language use in a specific culture, grounded in an ethnographic approach, with close attention to the relationships among language, communication and social interaction
ethnopragmatics
a set of rules that describe the patterns of linguistic usage observed by members of a particular speech community
grammar
the coexistance of multiple varieties of a speciifc language is called ______
heteroglossia
_____ is idea that the “property of linguistic elements (point to) certain non-linguistic entitites”
indexicality
____: the system of symbols we use to encode our experiences of the world and of one another
language
the recognition that languages never operate in a vacuum and often interact with each other
language contact phenomenon
_____ is a system of beliefs about how language features relate to social features, often embedded in power differences (what they reveal about the people who use them)
language ideology
attempts by activists, knowledge-keepers, and linguists to preserve or revive language with few native speakers that appear to be on the verge of extinction
language revitalization
___ is the assertion that language has the power to shape the way people see the world
linguistic relativity principle
the shortest meaning-bearing units in any language
morphemes
basic units of distinct sound that are characteristic of a language and that come together to form words
phonemes
