Unit 2 Flashcards
0
Q
What was this age?
A
A time when capitalism was fully embraced
1
Q
When was the gilded age?
A
1877-1895
2
Q
What is capitalism?
A
Taking a seed (money) and investing it in something in hopes it will grow (create more money).
3
Q
Why is competition a good thing?
A
It makes quality, price, and service better
People want the best quality, so competition makes people strive to make a better product
4
Q
Who created the phrase “survival of the fittest”?
A
Herbert spencer
5
Q
What is social Darwinism?
A
This says that evolution and survival of the fittest applies to the economy
6
Q
What quote sums up the idea of social Darwinism?
A
“If you cannot compete, you deserve for your business to be overrun.”
7
Q
What was a huge product during this age?
A
Steel
8
Q
Who made the first skyscraper?
A
The U.S.
9
Q
What were they calling places with skyscrapers?
A
Vertical cities.
10
Q
What did the world convert to?
A
Fossil fuels
11
Q
What happened to local markets?
A
They became national markets
12
Q
What did advertising show men and women?
A
It especially showed women what the latest style was, but also showed some of that to men
13
Q
What happened to music in this time period?
A
It went national for the first time.
14
Q
What was the US recognized as for the first time?
A
An industrial power
15
Q
What else was the US recognized as?
A
The melting pot
16
Q
Who was Herbert spencer?
A
A British philosopher
Created the concept of social Darwinism
17
Q
What does gilded mean?
A
Covered
Coated
Highlighted with gold
Something of a golden color
18
Q
Who were Nate presidents in the guided age?
A
Hayes Garfield Arthur Cleveland Harrison Cleveland
19
Q
Who was Cleveland married to?
A
Frankie
20
Q
What was the name of their child?
A
Ruth Cleveland
21
Q
What candy was named for her?
A
Baby Ruth
22
Q
Which president was in power when new states were added and how many?
A
6
23
Q
What was the significance of the middle class?
A
There were a lot of new businesses
It gave people the hope to move up classes
If you were at the top, there was less to fall
24
How many patents were made between 1860 and 1890?
500,000
25
How many patents existed before that?
50,000
26
Where was Alexander graham bell from?
Scotland
27
What inspired him to improve herring?
His mother had bad hearing
28
What did aleck invent as boy?
A dummy head
29
What did he and his father invent and they went on tour?
A lip reading machine
30
Why were deaf people considered retarded?
Because they talked funny
31
Where did the bell family move and why?
Canada and because of financial reasons
32
What were two of Edison's inventions that helped people who couldn't hear?
The first amplified speaker and piano
33
Why did he move to Boston?
There were a lot of deaf schools
34
Who did he meet?
Helen Keller
35
What did he experiment with?
Harmonic telegraphy
36
What was that?
A telegraph with sound
37
Why did he not make a patent in America first?
He wanted to have one in Great Britain and he wanted to have one in the US and you can't patent anything that had been patented in another country in Great Britain
38
Who else applied for a patent on the same device on the same day?
Elisha grey
39
What was different about grey's invention?
He used water
40
Who was the patent officer?
Zenas Wilber
41
Why did bell win the patent war?
He was a civil war vet who fought in the same section as Wilber
42
What did were the first words spoken over telephone?
They were spoken by bell saying them to his assistant: "mr. Watson, come quickly, I need you."
43
What year did he get his European patent?
1976
44
Where did he go to try to sell his invention?
The western union
45
How much did he ask them for?
100,000
46
How much was the patent on the telephone worth in 1878?
25 million dollars
47
What did he create to work on inventions with?
Bell labs
48
What was Thomas Edison's nickname?
The wizard of Menlo park
49
What was Edison's most famous idea?
The think tank
50
How many patents did Edison have?
1,100
51
Was Thomas a good dude?
No. He stole most of his ideas
52
What was the ticker tape machine?
It was basically the same as a telegraph, but it transferred words on to a reel
53
What is a phonograph?
Record player
54
What sorts of things did people buy for phonographs?
Recordings of speeches of presidents
55
Who invented the first motion picture camera, film, and projector and who was the first producer?
Thomas Edison
56
What was the first film made?
The great train robbery
57
What kind of battery did he invent?
Nickel-alkaline
58
What is he most famous for inventing?
A filament for the lightbulb
59
Who was the biggest backer for Edison?
JP Morgan
60
What was the filament made of?
Carbonized cardboard
61
Where was the first demonstration of flip light switches?
JP Morgan's home
62
Where did he build the first transformers?
Lower Manhattan
63
Why did Edison build on Wall Street?
So that the investors could see it
64
What day did he power up part of nyc?
September 4th, 1882
65
What other city did he set up lights in?
London
66
Which president and his wife were terrified of electricity, therefore refused to touch a lightswitch?
Ben Harrison
67
What was one way that Edison advertised for his electricity?
On Coney Island amusement park, he put topsy the elephant down with electricity in public to show the benefits of electricity
68
Where were most of the immigrants from?
England, Ireland, Northern Europe, Italians, poles, Russians, Greeks, Slavs,
69
What did the labor contract law do?
Allowed them to pay for the passage of workers in advance and deduct the amount later from their wages.
70
What were working conditions like?
There was no job security, things were now impersonal because jobs that were done by hand were now done by machines,
71
How many factory workers were women?
20%
72
What industry did women mainly work in?
Textiles
73
How many children were in the work force?
1.7 million
74
What percentage of girls ages 10-15 worked?
10%
75
What percentage of all boys worked?
20%
76
What kind of laws were there, even if they were widely ignored?
If they were 12 years old, they could only have a 10 hour day
77
Who were the "Molly Maguires"?
A coal region of Pennsylvania that used violence and murder to do jobs
78
What happened in the railroad strike of 1877?
They were protesting about 10% wage cuts
79
Who was the leader of the noble order of the Knights of labor?
Uriah S. Stephens
80
Who was not allowed in the Knights of labor?
Lawyers, bankers, liquor dealers, and pro gamblers
81
What did the kol fight for?
8 hour workdays, and no children working
82
Who moved into a public group?
Terence V. Powderly
83
What was the federation of organized trade and labor unions of the United States known as?
The American federation of labor
84
Who was the leader of the afl?
Samuel Gompers
85
Which group had a strike in the haymaker square?
McCormick Harvester Company
86
How many people died and were injured in the bombing?
7 died
| 77 killed
87
What was the most powerful trade union?
The almalgamated association of iron and steel
88
Who was the head of the Carnegie system?
Henry clay frick
89
What were the guards from the Pinkerton detective agency hired by frick called?
Strike breakers
90
What happened when the strike breakers and the pinker tons met?
The sb's poured gasoline on the water and set it on fire and they killed a few people. The almalagated surrendered.
91
Who was the electricity war between?
Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse
92
Which person chose direct current and what was that?
Thomas Edison and it delivered electricity only a few miles but was Safe
93
What was alternating current and who chose it?
Not tamed yet, but could send electricity very far
| George Westinghouse
94
What did Westinghouse invent?
First air breaks for trains, switches for railroad tracks, electric train signals, 1st automobile shock absorbers
95
Where was nikola tesla from?
Hungary
96
What was tesla?
The first mad scientist
97
Who did tesla work with when he first came to the U.S.?
Edison
98
Why was tesla fired by his employer?
Tesla wanted to go with AC, but Edison wanted dc
99
Where did tesla go?
To work with Westinghouse
100
Who was Leonard pope?
The nation's top engineer
101
How did pope die?
He was electrocuted and died while making the first AC transformer
102
Who did pope work for?
Westinghouse
103
Who suggested getting rid of criminals by using electricity?
Edison
104
What did Edison say was the best way to prove AC was bad?
By using it to electrocute people
105
Who was the first to die on the electric chair?
William kemmler
106
What did kemmler choose when asked to pick how he would like to be executed?
Hanging
107
What did kemmler' lawyer say to try to get out of it?
It was cruel and unusual
108
What was the chair called?
Sparky
109
How did the death of?
He struggled allot and they thought he was dead three times
110
What did Edison want to call the chair?
Westinghousing
111
Who developed a safe AC transformer?
Tesla
112
Where was a huge AC transformer installed?
Niagra falls
113
What were some nicknames of tesla?
Father of physics
The man who invented the twentieth century
Master of lightning
Patron saint of modern electricity
114
What else did tesla invent?
The first induction motor
115
What is the tesla affect?
Using any sort of remote
116
Who invented x Rays and plasma Rays?
Tesla
117
What was one of Tesla's problem?
He would come up with an idea but he was so unorganized that he would lose the sketch and forget about it
118
Where was guglielmlo Marconi from?
Italy
119
What was Marconi famous for?
He was the father of radio
120
What did tesla get mad about?
Marconi stole his idea and won a Nobel prize for it
121
Tesla motors
Tesla had nothing to do with them
122
What were the first ice boxes?
Metal boxes with space for a block of ice to come through
123
Where did the ice men get water from?
Rivers
124
What companies were the first to push for electric refrigeration?
The breweries
125
What happened when machines were introduced for this?
```
People lost jobs
It was cheaper
People gained helpful tools
The railroad tracks were tripled
All goods became national
Farms became commercial
```
126
What replaced the blubber and oil?
Kerosene
127
What became popular during this ages?
Professional offices
File cabinets
Type writers
128
What was the first vertical city?
The U.S.
129
What enabled people to make large buildings?
Mass produced steel
130
What was the tallest structure before skyscrapers?
Church steeples
131
Who invented the safety elevator?
Elisha Otis
132
How did Otis improve the elevator?
He made kinks so that it would not fall all the way to the ground when it fell
133
What was the first skyscraper and how tall was it?
| 10 stories
Chicago's home insurance building
134
Who were the leading architects of the Chicago schools?
Louis Sullivan and frank Lloyd
135
What happened to transportation in the guided age?
Mass transit
| Traffic problems
136
Where was ten first subway system?
Boston
| It went under the harbor
137
Why did la need an aqueduct?
They had no freshwater supply
138
Who was the head of the aqueduct?
William mulholland
139
How long was the chute and where was it from?
233 miles long and from owen's called in the north
140
What happened to the valley?
It was sucked dry
141
What did the farmers of Owens valley do?
They declared legal was on LA
142
What were some new things that emerged in the field of advertising?
```
Trademarks and brand names
Catalogs and magazines
Newspapers with pictures
Electric billboards
Blow up things
```
143
What were the first trading cards?
They came with cigarettes
| They at first had presidents and business men on them but then switched to baseball players
144
How did Henry Heinz adveritse?
He drove around a huge ketchup bottle
145
How many brand names were there at the beginning then the end of the guilded age?
121
| 70,000
146
What was the most popular way for traveling salesmen to scam?
Medicine- they put addictive thing in them so that people would co tinge to buy them
147
Where was Heinz from?
Germany
148
Where did Heinz settle?
Pittsburg Pennsylvania
149
What was the first product that Heinz made?
Horse radish
150
What made Heinz different from other companies?
```
He offered guarantees
He labeled the ounces
He always did the right thing
Practiced the golden rule
Give health care to his employees
Built a library at his factory
Offered fee concerts
Had a clean and well ventilated factory
Had a factory dining room
```
151
Where did he get the "57 varieties"?
He just liked the number
152
Who invented cola and where was he from?
John pemberton
| Atlanta Georgia
153
What did he put in the soda and why?
Cocaine and sugar
| The more they drank, the more they wanted
154
Who made coke what it is today?
Asa candler
155
What was DNS first change Asa made?
Changed the bottle to glass
156
Why did the soda jerks love coke?
It came pre mixed
157
Where did Richard Sears work?
A railroad depot in Minnesota
158
What was the first thing Sears sold?
Pocket watches
159
What did Sears think the best way to reach the country was?
A catalog
160
Who did Sears team up with?
Alvah C. Roebuck
| A jeweler
161
What was one claim Sears made?
They had clearly stated prices
162
Why was the most popular city the most popular one for catalogs?
Chicago because the trains
163
What did the rural free delivery act say?
Sears could ship their catalogs for free once they printed them
164
Describe the catalog
500 pages thick
Sold everything
Carried customer testimonials
165
How tallwas the Sears tower?
10 stories
166
What were two popular women's magazines?
Harper's Bazar
| The ladies home journal
167
What did you call the first billionaires if you liked them?
Captains of industry
168
What did you call fans billionaires if you hated them?
Robbed barons
169
Who was the billionaire that was the son of a New York banker?
JP Morgan
170
What was interesting anout his dad?
He was very conservative and made a small fortune over his lifetime
171
What was JP Morgan's strategy?
He looked for troubled industries and bought them
172
Who was Morgan a disciple of?
Fredrick Winslow Taylor
173
What was the process of Taylorism?
He watched the process of things and tried to see if every step was done on the most efficient way
174
What was morganizing?
He would bring in people who knew about the industry and the previous owner of companies and ask them how it was and what improvement there could be and he paid them for the advice
175
Who was the nation's first billionaire?
JP Morgan
176
What was Morgan's legacy?
He created Wall Street
| He donated money to museums of art and medical schools.
177
What did James b. Duke go by?
Buck
178
Where was duke from?
Prone south
179
What did duke think he could rebuild the south with?
Textiles and tobacco
180
What machine did duke buy?
An automated cigarette maker
181
What company did he found?
The American Tobacco Company
182
What did duke develop?
Hydroelectric plants
183
Where was oil found?
Western Pennsylvania
184
Which millionaire borrowed money young and bought a small oil refinery?
John D. Rockefeller
185
What did rock realize the future was in?
Refining not drilling
186
Where was fine oil refi fig capital?
Cleveland Ohio
187
What movement was rock a proponent of?
Efficiency
188
What happened in the Cleveland massacre?
He gobbled up 22 refineries
189
How did rock get rid of the competitor he could not buy out?
He bought the railroad tracks that were under the refinery pumps and he told them they had to stop pumping over his property
190
What was the concept of trust?
He broke up his company into 100's of small companies and secretly owned all of them so he didn't seem too powerful
191
What was horizontal integration?
Rock controlled 95% of all the worlds oil refineries and he bought all of the companies related to oil refineries
192
How did he make his industry more successful?
He forced railroads to not ship anyone's oil besides
193
How did standard oils original investors do?
They all became multi millionaires
194
What was the interstate commerce act of 1887?
It forbade railroads from making special deals with anybody
Specifically for standard oil
The newspaper now had to publish their rates
195
What did the Sherman antitrust act of 1890 say?
If a cooperation was deemed by the federal government to be squashing competition, it would have to go to court and defend itself or start to be broken up
They had to prove they were not a monopoly
196
What happened in 1892 to standard oil?
If began to be forcibly broken up
197
What was rocks legacy?
Rockefeller center
Radio city music hall
Donated to medical causes and researches
198
Where was Andrew Carnegie from?
The uk
| Scotland
199
Where di Carnegies movie move and why?
Pittsburg
| Money
200
What did Carnegie notice?
The importance of iron in the civil war
201
What did Carnegie hear about?
New steel bullet made by Henry Bessemer who found a better way to make steel
202
What was the size of the steel maker Carnegie made?
3 football fields
203
How much did steel production improve?
Prices dropped by 80%
| Production went from 3,000 tons per year to 11 million
204
How many skyscrapers were there in 1902?
65
205
Who built the buildings?
Roughnecks
206
What was interesting about the way they built?
No safety
Paid very well
Died all the time
40% died or were permanently disabled
207
What was one of the biggest architectural feats?
The Brooklyn bridge was built
208
How long did the BB take to build?
13 years
209
What did the bb connect?
Brooklyn and nyc
210
How did the city of NYC prove that it was not gonna collapse?
It had the wringling brother circus March their elephants across the bridge
211
Who bought Carnegies business?
JP Morgan
212
How much was caenegie's net worth?
1% of the wealth in the country
213
What were Carnegies religious views?
Atheist
214
What book did Carnegie write?
The gospel of wealth
215
What did Carnegie believe about his wealth?
He did not want to leave it to his kids or donate it to charity or anything
216
What did Carnegie do with his wealth?
How made libraries because no cities had public libraries
| He did it all for free as long as the people promised to keep it maintained and clean
217
What did Carnegie give his money to?
Negro charities and Tuskegee institutes
218
How much money is estimates that Carnegie gave away?
5 billion dollars
219
What did Henry ford not invent?
Cars
220
Who did invent the automobile?
Karl Benz
221
Who invented the assembly line?
Ransom olds
222
Who made the first cars that used fossil fuels instead of steam power?
Duryea Brothers
223
In 1900 how many cars were in the U.S. and what kind of people owned them?
8,000 and only the rich who had a mechanic employed on site
224
Why did ford nor have colors on his assembly line?
It would slow down the production
225
What was DNS most famous model?
T
226
What were other names for the model t?
Flipper
| Tom Lizzie
227
How quickly could ford say they could crank out s model t?
Every 24 seconds
228
How much did model t's cost?
$350
229
What was ford's greatest accomplishment?
He made cars cheap enough for anyone to drive
| He mad the first car produced globally
230
Where was Cornelius Vanderbilt from?
New York
231
How did Vanderbilt start his business?
He borrowed $100 from his mom and started a ferry business between Manhattan and staten
232
How did Vanderbilt run his business?
He ignored laws he did not like and he bribed other employees
He went to court thousands of times with shady attorneys
He aggressively pursued government contracts
233
What became vanderbuilt's nickname?
The commodore
234
Who invented the first maritime steam engine?
Robert Fulton
235
What did vanderbuilt discover in 1849? And where was it?
A shortcut to California
| It went through lake Nicaragua
236
What direction did Vanderbilt go with his business?
He began to sell his steamship lines and bought railroad lines
237
What breakthrough did Vanderbilt make in the business of railroad lines?
He made one gage for size of all tracks
238
What kind of an employer was Vanderbilt?
He was terrible. He payed people with his own money and he didn't even use US dollars sometimes
239
Who was the first man to die richest man on the earth?
Cornelius Vanderbilt
240
What was Cornelius' legacy?
He had no friends
Alienated from his wife and kids
He left his things to his son that he felt like was most like him
He was responsible for the early labor unrest in the US
241
Where was the great railroad strike?
BNO railroad
West Virginia
It was the headquarters for railroads
242
What did the men on strike do?
They began to pry up the rails
Set fire to the depots and bridges
Completely stopped moving coal
243
What did Rutherford b Hayes do in response to the unrest?
He thought like a general
| He told his commanders to confront the workers and if they did not respond they had the blessing to fire on the workers
244
What happened when they fired?
70 people were killed and the riots were over forever
245
Why did the unions arise?
They wanted to get unified higher wages
Shorter safer reasonable working hours
End to child labor
Men needed the jobs kids had
246
Why was Ellis island made?
For immigrants
247
What did the back of the statue of liberty's leg do?
Broke the chain of tyranny
248
What were there more of in New York that in their home city?
Italians in Rome
249
What was the first city to have 1 million people in it?
NYC
250
What was the nickname of Chicago?
The wild garlic place
251
What were the Jim Crow laws?
Segregation laws
Kept all things separate like hospitals, restrooms, schools, libraries ect
Informal laws
252
What case said that things and people should be separate but equal?
Please vs. ferguson
253
What case ended the Jim cRow laws?
Brown vs board of education
254
What was a minstrel show?
White people putting paint on their faces to look black and acted like clowns
MaDe fun of blacks
255
What's were the two jobs black peoples mainly had?
Shoe shiners/porters on trains
| Entertainers
256
Where were most of the immigrants from and what was a reason they did not fit in?
Eastern and Southern Europe
| Religion
257
What were the most rejected immigrants?
Irish
258
Where was the only place Irish were welcomed?
Boston
259
What were the names of some of the ghettos?
Little Italy
Little Germany
Chinatown
260
Why were the Chinese especially hated?
They had shifty eyes and could not be trusted
261
What did the Chinese exclusion act of 1882 say?
No Chinese people could enter the U.S. and the ones already here could not apply for citizenship
262
What/where was Hell's Kitchen?
```
In nyc
A ghetto
Place of extreme poverty
No plumbing or water
Small apartment with large groups of people
There was no electricity or ventilation
```
263
Who was Jacob Riis and what did he do?
Went into hells kitchen and took pictures
| The first pictures of urban slums
264
What was Riis' book called?
How the Other Half Lives
265
How many copies of Riis book were sold?and who was buying them?
28 million everyone
| The rich
266
What positive things did his book start?
Standards and zoning laws
Plumbing
Fire escapes
Sanitation laws
267
Who was america's first Eco warrior?
Colonel George Waring
268
How did waring gain fame?
Cleared a swamp in nyc to better conditions that would become Central Park
269
Where was Waring asked to go to help their city and what did he do there?
Memphis Tennessee
Designed the first sewer system
Destroyed a yellow fever epidemic
270
What title was Waring given in ny?
Street commissioner
271
What was warinf'g strategy?
He wanted nothing to do with politics
| He treated it like a military operation
272
What were waring's first steps and how many miles did he need to cover?
433 miles
Cleared carts and wagons that were abandoned
Took giant rakes and scraped up pig Manure and other poop
He hired 2000 workers and demanded they wore white uniforms
273
What were 2 of his ideas?
Recycling and street sweeping
| Landfills
274
Who was Thomas burns?
He was the first police superhero
| Ny police chief
275
What was the national crime registry?
He established a network of sharing information between cities about bad guys
276
What was burns the first to suggest?
Psychological profiles on criminals
| Mug shots
277
Where was the triangle shirtwaist factory, what happened there, and what did it start?
A factory in New York
A fire killed 146 garnet workers who were mainly young women
Doors now open outward
Exit signs
278
What were the crowds of isolation?
Charities rose up
| Ordinary people began to think about their responsibility to the less fortunate
279
Who founded hull house?
Jan Addams
280
What was the purpose of hull house?
The purpose was to teach immigrants to assimilate
281
What did null house teach immigrants?
How to speak English
How to cook American food
Play American sports
282
What was the WCTU
Women's Christian temperance Union
283
What is temperance?
Ban to remove alcohol
284
Why did women was alcohol removed?
Their husbands would go out and waste their money on alcohol and come home and do mean things to them
285
Who was carry A Nation?
From kc
| Huge crusader of alcohol
286
What did nation do?
She travelled from city to city on trains and sang Christian hymns, took a Bible and a hatchet and destroyed bars
287
What did the sheriffs do with the women?
Nothing because they didn't know what to do with them
288
What was The national American women's suffrage association
It was for women's sufferable
289
Who lead the NAWSA?
Susan b Anthony
290
What was the YMCA/YWCA?
Young men's Christian association
291
Who was the ymca founded by?
British immigrants
292
Why was the ymca made?
For young people to have Bible study
Work out
Fellowship
Sort of a hotel
293
What sports have the YMCA kntroduced?
Basketball and volleyball
294
Who was the Salvation Army founded by?
British immigrants
295
What was different about the Salvation Army from other organizations?
They were actually a denomination
296
What was the purpose of the Salvation Army?
To bring help to the people in the ghettos
297
Who was in charge of urban ecangelism?
Dwight L moody
298
What was a promise that Garfield made during his campaign?
He promised to do something about the civil service reform
299
What system did Garfield set up?
The patronage spoils system
300
Where was Garfield going and who with when he was at the train station?
Robert Todd Lincoln
| Going to make a series of speeches in New England
301
What happened at the train station?
He was shot twice and fired one hit Garfield in the back and one skimmed his head
302
Who was Garfield shot by?
Charles guiteau
303
Who was guiteau?
Mentally unstable
Had been stalking Garfield
Phony lawyer, traveling evangelist, and salesman
His family tried to have his institutionalized
304
What did Guiteau say when he shot him?
I shot the president, Arthur is the new president
305
How many different doctors did Garfield have?
16
306
What did bell bring over to try and help Garfield and why was it unsuccessful?
A metal detector
| He had metal springs on his bed
307
How long before Garfield died?
80 days and died of infection
308
What was Charles doing while he was in jail?
Writing letter to the people in the government
309
What did Guiteau tell Garfield?
That he owed his presidency to him
310
What was garfield's legacy?
The pedleton service reform act of 1883
311
What is that reform act?
You apply and take a test to get a federal government job
312
Who became president after Garfield and what did he do?
Charles Arthur
Gave us time zones
Meridian conference gave us them
313
What was the first Union?
Knights of labor?
314
What were the Molly Maguires?
Irish
| Inspiration for the railroad strike of 1877
315
What was the American federation of labor?
They were the voice of sub unions
316
What were some problems of the work forces in that time?
People went from job to job
Many immigrants had the jobs of American citizens
The mindset of the government was to always take the side of the owner, not the union
317
Who were here workers in the homestead strike?
Steel workers of Carnegie
318
Who did Carnegie give his power to when he was out of the country?
Henry frick
319
Who were the pinker tons?
Detectives and spies
| Hired soldiers
320
Who did the pinker tons fire on?
The workers who refused to do anthing and were on strike
321
What was the biggest strike?
The Pullman strike
322
What did George Pullman own?
Sleeper cars
323
What kind of an employer was Pullman?
Bad.
| He gave them money they could only use in his stores
324
What started the Pullman strike?
He cut their wages by 25%
325
Who was the representative for the railroad Union?
Ugene V. Debs
326
What did debs do?
He told the workers not to move any trains that had Pullman cars on them even though almost all of them did
Cleveland got involved and put the union people in prison
327
Who made the first radio broadcast center and what happened to it?
Tesla
| It was never completed because he was decades ahead of his time
328
What began to replace cobblestone, boardwalks, and brick surfaces?
Concrete
329
What was something Heinz often said?
To do a common thing uncommonly well brings success
330
What verse did Heinz live by?
Colossians 3:23-24
331
Who is one of the most famous people to live in a Sears kit house?
Cowboy actor John Wayne was born in one
332
Who created the very first electric billboard?
Edison employee
| William hammer
333
Who created the efficiency movement?
Fredrick Winslow Taylor
334
Who founded standard oil?
John d Rockefeller
335
Who was the principle author of the Sherman anti-trust act?
U.S. senator John Sherman
336
What did ford say of the color of cars?
You can have any color as long as it's black
337
Who founded the American federation of labor?
Samuel Gompers
338
Who founded the American railway Union and the American socialist party?
Eugene V. Debs
339
Who wrote the poem the new colossus?
Emma Lazarus
340
What were the first words ever heard in a movie?
A minstrel singing a song
341
Who was the nyc police commissioner?
Thomas f. Byrnes
342
Who was the apostle of cleanliness?
Colonel George waring
343
Who said good morning destroyer of men's souls?
Carry a. Nation
344
What is now where Washington dc's sixth street rail station was?
Try national gallery of art
