Unit 5 (pt. 2): Slideshows Flashcards
What is an intelligence test?
A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
What is the difference between an achievement test and an aptitude test?
Achievement test - exams covering what you have learned
Aptitude test - Predicts your success in the future
How were individual differences in mental abilities historically researched
Francis Galton devised methods to measure “intellectual strengths”, based on such things as reaction time, sensory acuity, and muscular power, and body proportions. However, his quest for a simple intelligence failed.
How did Alfred Binet contribute to the field?
Alfred Binet designed fair and unbiased intelligence test for children
What was Binet’s assumption about intellectual development
He assumed that all children follow the same course of intellectual development, but some develop more rapidly.
Dull vs. Bright child
A dull child would score like that of a typical younger child and a bright child would score more like a typical older child
What did Binet’s test mesure?
Mental age, or the level of performance typically associated with a certain chronological age.
How were Binet’s tests modified? (and by who?)
The tests were modified by Lewis Terman, who extended the test’s range from teenagers to adults. His test today is called the Stanford-Binet test
What is the normal curve?
The bell-shape pattern that test-taker’s scores usually form
What is the intelligence quotient (IQ) and how was it derived?
A person’s mental age divided by their chronological age. Derived by William Stern
What are the limits of IQ calculating
It works fairly well for children, but not for adults.
Eugenics
Movement that proposed measuring human traits and using results to encourage only smart and fit people to reproduce. Was frequently based off race and class perceptions.
What intelligence test did David Wechsler design?
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, which is now the most widely used intelligence test
What information does a WAIS provide?
An overall intelligence score as well as individual scores for verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, and processing speed.
Standadized
To make scores meaningful they are compared to a pretested sample population
